1

THE GASEOUS STATE

IDEAL AND REAL GASES

Select the lettered item which best answers or 10 −7 1

×
completes each of the following : 760 1000
(d) × 6.0 × 10 23
1. Which two of the following are valid 1.987 × 300
statements of Boyle’s law ?
(a) If the temperature of a given mass of gas 6. 1.35 g of phosphorus vapours occupy 500
is kept constant, its volume is inversely ml at 300ºC and 750 mm of Hg pressure.
proportional to the pressure What is the M.W. of phosphorus vapours ?
(b) P1V1 = P2V2 (a) 62 (b) 31
(c) The volume of a gas sample is inversely (c) 93 (d) 124
proportional to the pressure, if the
7. The density of a gas is found to be 2.07 g
temperature is kept constant
per litre at 30ºC and 2 atm, pressure. Its
(d) p/v = k
density at S.T.P. in grams per litre is
(e) v = kp
(a) 4.14 (b) 1.15
2. Which two of the following are valid (c) 2.30 (d) 2.0
statements of Charles Law ?
8. The density of a gas is 1.43 g/litre at S.T.P.
V
(a) =k At what temperature, its density is halved if
T pressure remains the same ?
(b) V1T1 = V2T2 (a) 273ºC (b) 273 kelvin
(c) the volume of a gas at constant pressure (c) 27ºC atom (d) none of these
varies directly as the absolute
temperature 9. The density of O2 at 25ºC is 1.43 g/litre at 1
(d) the pressure of a gas varies directly as atm. Pressure. At what pressure will O2
the absolute temperature have a density twice this value ?
3. By what factor the pressure on a gas be Temperature is kept constant.
decreased to triple the volume ? (a) 1.5 atm (b) 3.0 atm
(a) 1/3 (b) 1/2 (c) 2.0 atm (d) none of these
(c) 3/1 (d) ¼ 10. 2.8 g of N2, 2.8 g of CO and 4.4 g of CO2
4. In the equation of state for an ideal gas, PV are found to exert a pressure of 700 torr.
= nRT, the value of gas constant per degree The partial pressure of each gas in the
per mole is mixture is
(a) 0.0821 litre-atm (b) 8.314 Joules 1 1
(a) × 700 (b) × 700
(c) 1.987 cals (d) all of these 2 4
1
5. By means of mercury vapour pump a (c) × 700 (d) none of these
3
vacuum of 10–7 mm Hg is obtained in a
certain apparatus. Calculate the number of 11. A certain gas effuses through a small
molecule which still remains in 1 cc. of the opening at a rate exactly one-fifth as great
apparatus at 27ºC. as helium. The M.W. of the gas is
10 −7 1 (a) 50 (b) 20
×
760 1000 (c) 100 (d) 200
(a) × 6.0 × 10 23
0.0821 × 300
12. How many formaldehyde molecules are
10 −7 there in a sample of gas which occupies
×1
(b) 760 6.0 × 10 23 11.2 litres at S.T.P. ?
0.0821 × 300 (a) 6.0 × 1023 (b) 3.0 × 1023
23
10 −7 (c) 1.5 × 10 (d) none of these
×1
(c) 760 × 6.0 × 10 23 13. A hydride of silicon (V.D. = 46.4)
0.0821 × 300
decomposes to give silicon and four times

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its volume of hydrogen gas. The formula of constant at 0ºC, the pressure in the
hydride is vessel would drop to 0.33 atm
(a) SiH4 (b) Si2H6
(c) Si3H8 (d) Si4H10 19. The weaker inter-molecular forces of
attraction due to induced-dipoles are called
14. The product, PV, is a unit of (a) Ligancy forces
(a) entropy (b) force (b) H-bonding
(c) impulse (d) energy (c) Vander Waal’s forces
(d) Co-ordination forces
15. Which of the following statements is false ?
(a) One mole of any gas contains a constant 20. Assuming that at S.T.P. gas A has a density
number of molecules ? of 0.09 g per litre and gas B has a density of
(a) At S.T.P. one mole of any gas occupies 1.43 g per litre, the relative rates of
number of molecules diffusion of gas A to that of gas B is
(c) Equal masses of the same gas at the (a) 1 to 16 (b) 16 to 1
same T & P occupy equal volumes (c) 2 to 1 (d) 4 to 1
(d) Equal masses of different gases at the 21. The rate of diffusion of H2 is about
same T & P contain equal number of (a) one-half that of helium
moles (b) 1.41 times that of
16. 4.10 g of a gas contain at S.T.P. occupy 560 (c) twice that of helium
ml. Which of the following deductions is (d) four times that of helium
false ?
(a) The M.W. of the gas is 164 22. The greatest amount of CO2 can be
(b) The gas sample contains 1/40 of a mole dissolved in water under conditions of
(c) If the temperature of this gas sample was (a) high T and high P
held constant (at 0ºC) and the pressure is (b) high P and low T
increased to 2.0 atm its density would be (c) low P and low T
doubled (d) low P and high T
(d) Changing the volume of this gas sample, 23. A Dewar’s flask is usually used to
by altering the pressure or the (a) store liquid air
temperature, would alter the number of (b) measure the amount of liquid
moles present (c) measure partial pressure of gas
17. 2.0 litres of O2 at S.T.P. weigh 2.86 g which (d) none
of the following conclusions is false ? 24. For a gas,
(a) The density of O2 at S.T.P. is 1.43 g/litre (a) the mean free path is very much larger
(b) The density of O2 at 25ºC and 300 mm than the molecular diameter
of Hg pressure is less than its density at (b) the mean free path is less than the
S.T.P. molecular diameter
(c) The density of O2 at 25ºC and 300 mm (c) the mean free path is nearly equal to
of Hg pressure is a greater than its molecular diameter
density at S.T.P. (d) none of these
(d) none of these
25. 0.3 grams of a volatile liquid, when
18. A vessel initially at S.T.P. contains mixture vaporised in a Victor Mayer tube, displaced
of 0.70 g of CO and 1.4 g of N2. Which of 40 ml of air at S.T.P. The M.W. was found
the following statements false ? to be
(a) There are in all 0.0575 moles of gas (a) 85 (b) 168
present (c) 340 (d) 310
(b) If these gases were separated at constant
J & P, the volume of would be twise that 26. The weight in grams of nitrogen in 11.2
of CO litres of NH3 (at S.T.P.) is
(c) The volume of the vessel is 1.12 litres (a) 7 (b) 8.5
(d) If all the nitrogen were with drawn from (c) 14 (d) 3.5
the vessel and the temperature stayed

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27. One litre of gas, under standard conditions, 33. At S.T.P. 22.4 litres of H2 weigh 2.0 g and
weighs 1.16 grams. A possible formula for its displaces 1 GMV of air or 28.8 g. The
the gas is lifting power of a 22.4 litre balloon filled
(a) C2H2 (b) CO with H2 at S.T.P. is
(c) O2 (d) NH3 (a) 28.8 (b) 26.8
(c) 2.0 (d) none of these
28. Two separate bulbs are filled with ideal
gases A and B respectively. The density of 34. A 100 litre balloon weighing 25 g is filled
gas A is three times that of gas B and the with He at S.T.P. How much additional
molecular weight of gas B is twice that of weight it will lift ? One mole of helium
gas A. Calculate the ratio of the pressure of (M.W. = 4) will lift 24.8 g (28.8 – 4 = 24.8)
gas A to gas B if the gases are at the same (a) 111 (b) 25
temperature (c) 86 (d) 4.47
(a) 3/2 (b) 2/3
(c) 6/1 (d) 1/6 35. A balloon of diameter 20 m weighs 100 kg.
Calculate its pay-load if it is filled with He
29. Two samples of gases A and B are at the at 1.0 atm and 27ºC. Density of air is 1.2 kg
same temperature. The speed of molecules m–3 (R = 0.082 dm3 atm k–1 mole–1)
of A is 4 times that of molecules of A is 4 Volume of balloon,
times that of molecules of B. The ratio of
their masses (MA/MB) will be 4 3 4
V= πr = × 3.14 × 10 3 = 4.183 × 10 3 m 3
(a) 16 (b) 4 3 3
(c) ¼ (d) 1.16 Mass of air displaced = (4.187 × 103) (1.22)
= 5108 kg
30. If 1000 ml of a gas A at 600 torr and 500 ml
of gas B at 800 torr are placed in a 2 litre Moles of gas present V = 4187 m3,
flask, the final pressure will be P = 1 atm, T = 300 k
(a) 500 torr (b) 1000 torr
PV 1 × 4187 × 10 3
(c) 850 torr (d) 2000 torr n= =
RT 0.082 × 300
31. Two separate bulbs contain ideal gases A
and B respectively. The density of gas A is = 171.3 × 103 moles
twice that of gas B and the molecular mass since the balloon is filled with He, mass of
of gas A is half that of gas B. If the two He = 171.3 × 103 × 4 = 685.2 kg
gases are at same temperature, the ratio of Mass of balloon + Helium gas = 100 +
pressure of A to that of B is 685.2 = 785.2 g
(a) 1 (b) 1/4
(c) 4 (d) 1/2 Pay load or net lift power = mass of air
displaced = Total mass of balloon
32. Compute the weight of a gram molecular = 5180 – 785.2
volume, 22.4 litres of air at S.T.P.
= 4322.8
28.8
(a) 28.8 (b) 36. The ratio of rates of diffusion of SO2, O2
22.4
and CH4 is
(c) 28.8 × 22.4 (d) none of these
(a) 1 : 2 : 2 (b) 1 : 2 : 4
Hint and note on Lifting power of Ballons :
(c) 2 : 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 : 2
A ballon will float in air when the weight of
the object is less than the weight of the air 37. A weather balloon filled with H2 at 1 atm
the object displaces. The net lifting power and 27ºC has volume equal to 12000 litres.
of a balloon is the weight that must be On ascending it reaches a place when
added to make the balloon and its contents temperature is –23ºC and pressure is 0.5
weigh exactly the same as an equal volume atm. The volume of the balloon is (in litres)
of air. (a) 24000 (b) 20000
wt. of air displaced – wt. of balloon and its (c) 10,000 (d) 12000
gas = lifting power

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38. The pressure of mixture of equal weights of (a) low T and high P
two gases of M.W. 4 and 40 is 1.1 atm. The (b) low T and low P
partial pressure of the lighter gas is the (c) high T and high P
mixture is (d) high T and low P
(a) 0.55 atm (b) 0.11 atm
(c) 1 atm (d) 0.1 atm 48. Which molecular property tends to produce
large deviations from ideal gas behaviour ?
39. For a gas, maximum deviation from ideal (a) high molecular speed
gas behaviour is observed at (b) small molecular weight
(a) 0ºC and 1.0 atm (c) large molecular volume
(b) 100ºC and 2.0 atm (d) weak inter-molecular attraction
(c) –100ºC and 2.0 atm
(d) –100ºC and 5.0 atm 49. Vander Waal’s constant “b” has units of
volume (litres mole-1), the constant ”a” is
40. At 750 torr and 27ºC, 0.60 gram of a certain expressed in
gas occupies 0.50 litre. Calculate its M.W. (a) atm-litre2/mole2
(a) 30 (b) 60 (b) 1-atom/mole
(c) 90 (d) 120 (c) litre-atm/mole2
(d) litre2 – atm/mole
41. If 12.0 g of N2, 0.40 g of H2 and 9.0 g of O2
are put into a 1.0 litre container at 27ºC, 50. For a Vander Waal’s fluid, a/b has the
what is the total pressure in the container ? dimensions of
(a) 22.4 atm (b) 11.2 atm (a) atm per litre
(c) 44.8 atm (d) 5.6 atm (b) energy per (litre)2
(c) energy per mole
42. The S.I. units of the Vander Waal’s (d) energy per degree per mole
constant b are
(a) m3 mole (b) m2 mole–1 51. At relatively high pressure, the Vander
3 –1
(c) m mole (d) m2 mole a
Waal’s equation reduces to ( is
V2
43. The temperature of a sample of SO2 is
negligible compared to P)
raised from 27 to 327ºC. The average K.E.
(a) PV = RT – (a/v)
of the gas molecules is
(b) PV = RT + Pb
(a) doubled
(b) raised to power 2  a 
(c) P = RT – 2

(c) halved V 
(d) multiplied by a factor of 327/27 aRT
(d) PV = 2
V
44. For one mole gas, the total K.E. is equal to
(a) RT (b) 3/2 RT 52. At relative low pressure (b is negligible
(c) 2/3 KT (d) (Cp – Cv)RT compared to v) and Vander Waal’s
Equation reduces to
45. For a given mass of gas, if pressure is
a
reduced to half and temperature is doubled, (a) PV = RT –
then volume V will become V
(a) 4V (b) 2V2 (b) PV = RT + Pb
(c) V/4 (d) 8V a
(c) P = RT –
V2
46. Gases deviate from the ideal gas behaviour aRT
because molecules (d) PV = 2
V
(a) are colourless
(b) attract each other 53. At very low pressures
(c) contain covalent bonds a
(d) show Brownian motion (a) approaches zero
V2
47. Which set of conditions represents the (b) b is negligible compared to V
easiest way to liquify a gas ? (c) Vander Waal’s equation reduces to PV
(d) all the above

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54. The translational energy of 1 mole of ideal 62. Which one of the following gases is most
gas at 25ºC is nearly difficult to liquify ? Vander Waal’s constant
(a) 600 J (b) 1250 J for He, Ne, H2, N2 is 0.341, 0.2107, 0.244
(c) 2500 J (d) 3750 J litre 2 − atm
and 1.39 respectively.
mole 2
55. Three molecules have velocities 100 msec1,
200 msec–1 and 300 msec–1. The root mean (a) He
square velocity is (b) Ne
(a) 190 msec–1 (b) 200 msec–1 (c) H2
(c) 216 msec–1
(d) 400 msec–1 (d) N2
63. Which of the following gases is capable of
56. Compared with molecular diameter, the being easily liquified ?
mean free path is greater in the case of (a) C2H4
(a) gases (b) CO2
(b) liquids (c) NH3
(c) solids (d) H2O
(d) Vander Waal’s fluids
64. According to Maxwell Baltzmann law of
57. Calculate the average K.E. of gas molecules distribution of molecular velocities, the
at 0ºC curve in the graph shows that most
3 R molecules possess
(a) K.E. = × T (a) most probable
2 N
velocities
3
(b) K.E. = kT (b) root mean square
2 velocity
3 8.31 (c) average velocity
(c) K.E. = × × 273J
2 6.0 × 10 23 (d) none of these
(d) all of these 65. The number of molecules in 1 c.c. of H2 gas
58. The r.m.s. velocity of H2 molecules at 0ºC at S.T.P. is
(a) 2.68 × 1019
3RT
(a) C ( r.m.s.) = (b) 1.12 × 1023
M
(c) 6.0 × 1023
3(8.31 × 10 7 ergs) 273 (d) 1 × 1024
(b) C rms = cm s −1
2g 66. The ratio of K.E. at 35ºC and 25ºC is
3 × 8.3 J × 273 −1
(a) 1.03
(c) m sec (b) 10
2 × 10 −3 kg
(c) 2
(d) all of these
(d) none of these
59. The ratio of rates of effusion of H2 and O2 67. At what temperature H2 molecules have the
both at 0ºC and 1 atm pressure is same r.m.s. velocity as N2 molecules have
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 4 : 1 at 27ºC ?
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 2 : 1 (a) 21.4ºk
(b) 42.8ºk
60. The ratio of rates of thermal diffusion of (c) 10.7ºk
238
U F6 to 235U F6 is (d) 85.6ºk
(a) 10085 : 1 (b) 1 : 1.0085
(c) 2 : 3 (d) 2 : 1 68. The density of helium at 500ºC and 100 torr
in grams per litre is
61. According to Maxwell Boltzmann (a) 0.18
distribution law of gases, the average (b) 0.09
translational K.E. is (c) 0.083
(a) 1/2 kT per molecule (d) none of these
(b) kT per molecule 69. 10 g of H2 and 64 g of O2 are contained in a
(c) 3/2 kT per molecule 10 litre flask at 200ºC. Calculate the total
(d) RT per molecule pressure of the mixture

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(a) 2.7 atm (b) 27 atm mole–2 respectively. The gas which can be
(c) 13.5 atm (d) 0.23 atm most easily liquified is
(a) O2 (b) N2
70. If a shark ignites the mixture (refer to Q. (c) NH3 (d) CH4
69) what will be the fluid pressure ?
(a) 1.9 atm (b) 19 atm 78. In Vander Waals equation of state for a
(c) 9.5 atm (d) 0.19 atm non-ideal gas, the term that accounts for
inter molecular attraction is
71. Equal weights of ethane and H2 are mixed (a) (V – b) (b) RT
in an empty container at 25ºC. The fraction
 a 
of total pressure exerted by H2 is (c)  P +  (d) [RT]–1
 V2 
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 1
(c) 1 : 16 (d) 15 : 16
79. If a gas is expanded at constant
72. The maximum possible number of temperature,
hydrogen bonds in a water molecule can (a) the pressure decreases
form is (b) the K.E. of the molecules remains the
(a) 2 (b) 4 same
(c) 3 (d) 1 (c) the K.E. of the molecules decrease
(d) the number of molecules of gas
73. At constant volume, for a fixed number of increases
moles of gas the pressure of the gas
increases with rise of temperature due to 80. When an ideal gas under gas unrestrained
(a) increase in average molecular speed expansion, no cooling occurs because the
(b) increased rate of collisions amongst molecules
molecules (a) are above the inversion temperature
(c) increase in molecular attraction (b) exert no attractive force on each other
(d) decrease in mean free path (c) do work equal to loss in K.E.
(d) collide without loss of energy
74. According to kinetic theory of gases for a
diatomic molecule 81. The average velocity of an ideal gas
(a) the pressure exerted by the gas is molecule at 27ºC is 0.3 m/sec. The average
proportional to the mean velocity of the velocity at 927ºC will be
molecules (a) 0.6 m/sec (b) 0.3 /sec
(b) the pressure exerted by the gas is (c) 0.9 m/sec (d) 3.0 m/sec
proportional to the r.m.s. velocity of the
82. Diagrams of distribution of velocities it can
molecule
be concluded that
(c) the r.m.s. velocity of the molecules is
(a) increasing the temperature increases
inversely proportional to the temperature
K.E. of the molecules
(d) the mean translational K.E. of the
(b) a greater fraction of molecules would
molecule is proportional to the
have higher velocities at higher
temperature
temperature
75. The density of neon will be highest at (c) the fraction of molecules having
(a) S.T.P (b) 0ºC, 2 atm velocities lower the most probable
(c) 273ºC, 1 atm (d) 273ºC, 2atm velocity decrease
(d) all of these
76. The rate of diffusion of CH4 at a given
temperature is twice that of a gas (x). The 83. The kinetic energy of the molecules of a gas
M.W. of gas (x) is is
(a) 64.0 (b) 32.0 (a) directly proportional to the absolute
(c) 4.0 (d) 8.0 temperature
(b) inversely proportional to the volume
77. The value of Vander Waal’s constant “a” (c) inversely proportional to the absolute
for the gases O2, N2, NH3 and CH4 are temperature
1.360, 1.390, 4.170 and 2.253 litre2 atm

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84. The total average K.E. in kilo joules of 2 (d) high T and high P
moles of an ideal gas at 127ºC is
(a) 8.33 (b) 24.94 93. For a reaction of the type A(g) B(b) +
(c) 7.48 (d) 9.98 C(g), Calculate the degree of dissociation if
2.0 grams of A(M.W. = 60) exert a pressure
85. The S.I. units of Vander Waal’s constants of 8.40 atm. When vaporised in a 0.5 litre
“a” are flask at 1000ºC
(a) Pa m2 mole–2 (b) Nm6 mole–2 (a) 0.200
6 –2
(c) Jm mole (d) Pa m6 mole–2 (b) 0.100
(c) 0.400
86. The specific heats at constant volume and (d) 0.050
constant pressure for a gas X are
respectively 0.095 and 0.120 cals per gram. 94. According to the equipartition principle, an
What is the M.W. of the gas ? energy of _____________ per mole is
(a) 40 (b) 60 associated with each term to describe the
(c) 80 (d) 120 translation, rotational and vibrational
energy of the molecules
87. At what temperature would N2 molecules (a) 1/2 kT (b) 1/2 RT
have the same average speed as Helium (c) 3/2 kT (d) 3/2 RT
molecules at 300ºK ?
(a) 2100 k (b) 1100 k 95. When temperature is increased, the
(c) 420 k (d) none of these difference between most probable velocity
of molecules of gas, r.m.s. velocity and
88. The most probable velocity of CO2 average velocity
molecules at 27ºC in cm per sec is (a) increases
(a) 3.38 × 104 (b) 1.69 × 102 (b) decreases
4
(c) 3.8 × 10 (d) 4.13 × 104 (c) remains the same
(d) none of these
89. The ratio between the most probable
velocity, average velocity and root mean 96. Average K.E. per molecules of an ideal
square velocity is given by gase at 0ºC is expressed by
8 3 R
(a) 2 : : 3 (b) 1 : 2 : 3 (a) 3/2 kT (b) × T
π 2 N
8 8 3  8.314 
(c) 2 : 3 : (d) 1 : : 3 (c)   (273) (d) all of these
π π 2  6.0 × 10 23 

90. The pressure of real gases is less than the 97. Average K.E. of 8g of CH4 (0.5 moles CH4)
pressure of an ideal gas because of at 0ºC is given by
(a) increase in the number of collissions (a) 3/2 nRT
(b) finite size of molecules (b) 3/2 × 0.5 × 8.31 × 273
(c) increase in the K.E. of the molecules (c) 1.7025 kJ
(d) inter-molecular forces (d) all of these
91. The temperature at which a real gas obeys 98. At what temperature will H2 molecules
the ideal gas law over an appreciable range have the same r.m.s. speed as N2 molecules
of pressure range is called the at 35ºC ?
(a) critical temperature (a) 22 K (b) 11 K
(b) inversion temperature (c) 35 K (d) 308 K
(c) Boyle’s temperature
(d) reduced temperature 99. At room temperature, the translational
energy of a mole of gas is about
92. Real gases approach the behaviour of an (a) 1 cal (b) 2 cals
ideal gas at
(c) 4 kJ (d) 8 × 107 ergs
(a) lot T and high P
(b) high T and low P
(c) low T and low P

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100. In a mixture of H2, He and Ne at 25ºC, the (b) He

molecules moving with the greatest speed (c) Ne
are (d) all speeds are the same
(a) H2

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