2020-2 Pertemuan 4
2020-2 Pertemuan 4
PTE655 : SISTEM
PROTEKSI TENAGA LISTRIK
Pertemuan : 4 (Empat)
Peralatan Proteksi (Rele) dan Konstruksinya
Materi Ajar
1. Fungsi Rele
2. Prasarat Rele Pengaman
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What is Relay ?
A relay is automatic device which senses an
abnormal condition of electrical circuit and closes its
contacts.
Thus the fault is sensed and the trip circuit is
actuated by the relay and the faulty part is isolated.
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Klasifikasi Rele
Rele dapat diklasifikasikan dengan berbagai cara :
1. Berdasarkan Fungsinya
2. Berdasarkan Prinsip Kerjanya
3. Berdasarkan Kriteria Pengamanan
4. Berdasarkan Besaran Yang Diukur
5. Berdasarkan Nilai Besaran yang diukur
6. Berdasarkan Hubungan Rangkaiannya
7. Berdasarkan Kerja Kontrolnya
8. Berdasarkan Waktu Kerjanya
9. Berdasarkan Posisi Kontaknya
10. Berdasarkan Penggunaannya
11. Berdasarkan Konstruksinya
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Berdasarkan Fungsinya
Ada 5 fungsi dasar rele, yaitu:
Rele Proteksi (protection relay)
Rele Regulasi
Rele Sinkronisasi dan Recloser
Rele Pemantau
Rele Bantu, secara umum ada 2 katagori, yaitu
contact multiplication
circuit isolation
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Berdasarkan
Mekanisme Operasi
Float Type
Buchholz
OSR (Oil Surge Relay)
PRV (Pressure Relief Valve )
Water level Controls etc.
Pressure Switches
Mechanical Interlocks
Pole discrepancy Relay
Rele Thermis
yang bekerja karena rangsangan panas
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Berdasarkan Hubungan
Rangkaiannya
Rele Primer,
bila dipasang langsung pada bagian rangkaian yang
dilindungi
Rele Sekunder,
bila dihubungkan melalui suatu trafo arus atau trafo
tegangan : digunakan untuk sistem tegangan tinggi
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Direct-acting
Primary Relay
Indirect-acting
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Direct-acting
Secondary
Relay
Indirect-acting
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Berdasarkan Penggunaannya
Rele Utama (main relay)
Merupakan unsur utama dalam sistem proteksi
berhubungan langsung dengan besaran yang diamankan
Rele Bantu (auxiliary relay)
yaitu rele yang kerjanya diatur oleh rele lain dan berfungsi
membantu meningkatkan jumlah kontak untuk disalurkan rele
atau alat lainnya
Rele Tanda (signal relay),
berfungsi untuk mengatur tanda-tanda operasi perlengkapan
atua tanda bahaya yand dapat terlihat (misanya dengan tanda
lampu) atau dapat didengar (misalnya dengan bunyi sirine)
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Berdasarkan Kontruksinya
Tipe angker tarikan
Tipe batang seimbang
Tipe cakram induksi
Tipe kumparan bergerak
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List of Device Numbers and 31 - Separate Excitation Device Device 89 - Line Switch
Acronyms 32 - Directional Power Relay 58 - Rectification Failure Relay 90 - Regulating Device
1 - Master Element 33 - Position Switch 59 - Overvoltage Relay 91 - Voltage Directional Relay
2 - Time Delay Starting or Closing 34 - Master Sequence Device 60 - Voltage or Current Balance 92 - Voltage and Power Directional
Relay 35 - Brush-Operating or Slip-Ring Relay Relay
3 - Checking or Interlocking Relay Short-Circuiting Device 61 - Density Switch or Sensor 93 - Field Changing Contactor
4 - Master Contactor 36 - Polarity or Polarizing Voltage 62 - Time-Delay Stopping or Opening94 - Tripping or Trip-Free Relay
5 - Stopping Device Devices Relay 95 - For specific applications where
6 - Starting Circuit Breaker 37 - Undercurrent or Underpower 63 - Pressure Switch other numbers are not suitable
7 - Rate of Change Relay Relay 64 - Ground Detector Relay 96 - For specific applications where
8 - Control Power Disconnecting 38 - Bearing Protective Device 65 - Governor other numbers are not suitable
Device 39 - Mechanical Condition Monitor 66 - Notching or Jogging Device 97 - For specific applications where
9 - Reversing Device 40 - Field (over/under excitation) 67 - AC Directional Overcurrent other numbers are not suitable
10 - Unit Sequence Switch Relay Relay 98 - For specific applications where
11 - Multi-function Device 41 - Field Circuit Breaker 68 - Blocking or "Out-of-Step" Relay other numbers are not suitable
12 - Overspeed Device 42 - Running Circuit Breaker 69 - Permissive Control Device 99 - For specific applications where
13 - Synchronous-speed Device 43 - Manual Transfer or Selector 70 - Rheostat other numbers are not suitable
14 - Underspeed Device Device 71 - Liquid Level Switch AFD - Arc Flash Detector
15 - Speed - or Frequency, Matching 44 - Unit Sequence Starting Relay 72 - DC Circuit Breaker CLK - Clock or Timing Source
Device 45 - Abnormal Atmospheric 73 - Load-Resistor Contactor DDR - Dynamic Disturbance
16 - Data Communications Device Condition Monitor 74 - Alarm Relay Recorder
17 - Shunting or Discharge Switch 46 - Reverse-phase or Phase-Balance 75 - Position Changing Mechanism DFR - Digital Fault Recorder
18 - Accelerating or Decelerating Current Relay 76 - DC Overcurrent Relay ENV - Environmental Data
Device 47 - Phase-Sequence or Phase- 77 - Telemetering Device HIZ - High Impedance Fault Detector
19 - Starting to Running Transition Balance Voltage Relay 78 - Phase-Angle Measuring Relay HMI - Human Machine Interface
Contactor 48 - Incomplete Sequence Relay 79 - AC Reclosing Relay HST - Historian
20 - Electrically Operated Valve 49 - Machine or Transformer, 80 - Flow Switch LGC - Scheme Logic
21 - Distance Relay Thermal Relay 81 - Frequency Relay MET - Substation Metering
22 - Equalizer Circuit Breaker 50 - Instantaneous Overcurrent 82 - DC Reclosing Relay PDC - Phasor Data Concentrator
23 - Temperature Control Device Relay 83 - Automatic Selective Control or PMU - Phasor Measurement Unit
24 - Volts Per Hertz Relay 51 - AC Inverse Time Transfer Relay PQM - Power Quality Monitor
25 - Synchronizing or Synchronism- Overcurrent Relay 84 - Operating Mechanism RIO - Remote Input/Output Device
Check Device 52 - AC Circuit Breaker 85 - Communications,Carrier or RTU - Remote Terminal Unit/Data
26 - Apparatus Thermal Device 53 - Exciter or DC Generator Relay Pilot-Wire Relay Concentrator
27 - Undervoltage Relay 54 - Turning Gear Engaging Device 86 - Lockout Relay SER - Sequence of Events Recorder
28 - Flame detector 55 - Power Factor Relay 87 - Differential Protective RelayTCM - Trip Circuit Monitor
29 - Isolating Contactor or Switch 56 - Field Application Relay 88 - Auxiliary Motor or Motor SOTF - Switch On To Fault
30 - Annunciator Relay 57 - Short-Circuiting or Grounding Generator
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