Ammonia Injection

CALCINER AND KILN DUCT RISER

Orientation Session

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 Contents

z Introduction and Purpose

z Why 19% ammonia
z Equipment required
z Process Description-PID
z Commissioning
z Material safety information - MSDS

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 Introduction and Purpose

z To reduce the amount of Nitrogen Oxides

emitted into the air. (NOx)
z NOx are a major source of atmospheric
pollution
z Control methods involve combustion and
post combustion operating practices
z Selective Non-catalytic Reduction (SNCR)
z Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)
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 Why 19% Ammonia

z Ammonia contains Nitrogen and hydrogen

(NH3).
z Is absorbed in the gas/material stream and
forms other non harmful compounds
z Has been proven to be an effective and
inexpensive SNCR method of control NOx
emissions.
z Most effective is in the kiln riser duct.
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 Why 19% ammonia

z Ammonia solution is 19% by volume, the

remainder 81% is water.
z Also called Ammonium Hydroxide, Aqueous
solution, Ammonia Water, Pony p..s.
z The solution remains toxic to a certain
degree – caution when handling
z Familiarization with MSDS

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 Injection Equipment

z Injection lances
z Atomizing air and flow control cabinet
z Piping system for air and ammonia solution
z Pumping station
z Storage tank

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 Lances

z High temperature material - 316 stainless

z Require constant air flow for cooling
z Should last 8-10 months of operation.
z Nozzles are easily replaced
z 2.7 lt/min @ 45-70 psi
z 4.5 mm orifice, 35-40 micron droplets
z Air 13.25 scfm @ 70-80 psi

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 Lance design

Air tube

Nozzle tip

Ammonia tube

Carbon Seal
Orifice Valve

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 Riser duct lance installation El 116-6” ft

Lance controls

Air header 1”

Ammonia header 3/4”

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 Atomizing control cabinet

Control
Atomizing control cabinet
vlave

Blue –air Flow

Green- transmitter
ammonia

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 Pump skid

Pressure
switch

Pressure Regulating
Valve

DP Across Strainers
Pump discharge
pressure

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 Tank Farm

Pump skid

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 Containment
overflow Valve

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 Truck Loading Station

Indicating
lights

Tank Level Indicator and fill

Valve open/close

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 Process Flow diagram description

z Storage tank
z Pump skid
z Atomizing Control Cabinet
z Lances and controls

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 PID Diagram Lances and controls

Atomizing cabinet

Tank farm Pump skid

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 Commissioning

z Hydrostatic test
z Water test – simulate the process using
water
z Fine tuning adjustments
z Electrical – grounding
z Motor rotation verified – connect pump
z Analog and digital signals verified- red/green
lights, level display
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 Commissioning

z Check lance nozzle if free of debris

z Verify flow rates
z Fine adjustment at each lance
z Balance air/solution
z Ready to start up

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 Start Up

z Water was drained?

z Tank filled with ammonia?
z Containment space cleaned and cleared!
z Start the pump – it will take some time to
reach the control cabinet
z The effect of ammonia injection will take a
few minutes to show results.
z Follow gas analyzer output
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 Material safety data sheet

z Ammonia Supplier
z MSDS attached – read
z Avoid Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact
z Fresh air
z Use lots of water on the affected area
z Spill – stop leak, dilute with lots of water
z Fertilizer, household cleaning,
pharmaceutical, lubricants
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 Questions?

Thank you

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