SYNOPSIS

ON
DIVINE

Objective/ Aim
In recent years, new technologies have enabled disabled persons
specifically visually impaired persons (VI) to live more comfortable
lives. Despite these new technologies, many of the things they do are still
reliant on other people. The goal of our project team is to design a device
that is easy to use, simple, and powerful enough to allow the user to
perform the aforementioned tasks. Through current research, we have
found that sight-impaired individuals prefer to actually go out and move
independently, rather than stay home. We will constantly improve our
product by designing, prototyping, and evaluating.

Thermistor

LDR
Controller
Micro

Unit

Infrared Sensor BUZZER

Water Sensor

Remote Sensor

Figure 1: A schematic representation of the smart blind-stick ( D I V I N E )

Technical details
In this project we show that how we modify the blind stick for blind
person. We convert the normal blind stick into robotic blind stick. In this
stick we use five different sensor with microcontroller interface. Here in
this project we use ic 89s51 as a main microcontroller to interface the
blind stick with the different sensor’s and different sound. Main part of
this project is software.

SENSORS LOGIC:

In this project we use thermistor for the temperature sensor, due to

excessive heat there will be small change of resistance in thermistor , this
change is sense by the controller and buzzer gives a sound.

In light sensor we use LDR, ldr sense a excessive light and due to this
light our circuit trigger and alarm is on , on every sensor alarm sound is
different. LDR is basically use for a excessive light like, car headlight in
night.

Infra red transmitter and receiver circuit , sense a interruption and when
controller sense this interruption then produce a sound. Along with the
infra red transmitter we use photodiode to sense a interruption and
controller produce a sound.

Water sensor is simply a two conducting wire when sense a water then
act automatically and produce a sound from the controller.

Remote sensor : In the remote sensor we attach one infra red eye with
the circuit. This eye is a special frequency decoder eye. We use this eye
in t.v receiver. This eye is respond a small signal when any remote of 36
khtz produce a signal . With the help of this eye we catch a 36 kHtz
signal and then proceed to the microcontroller circuit.
Any blind person wanted to locate his blind stick then first of all he have
to press the remote in all direction. If the stick is in the room then eye
respond with the sound buzzer.
Figure 2: Circuit diagram for smart blind stick ( D I V I N E )
Programming concept
org 0000h

our program is to be written on the 0000 location, because when the

microcontroller is reset then auto reset circuit force the controller to
move the program counter on 0000 location , so our first command is to
be written on the 0000h location.
sjmp main
our next command is sjmp main. It means that jump to the main function
automatically.

main:

jnb p1.0,light
jnb p1.1,fire
jnb p1.2,int
jnb p1.3,water
jnb p1.4,remote

sjmp main

Our first work of this stick is to be monitor the all the sensor’s if there is
any interruption from water, heat light or any thing then jump to specify
location automatically.

 for the water sensor we use two metallic plate under the stick ,
when water touches on this stick then buzzer is on and at this time
we set a counter on for one buzzer, so buzzer rings for only one
time and stop automatically. But if there is continuous water
sensing then buzzer is switch on regularly.

water:
clr p2.3
acall delay
setb p2.3
acall buzzer
ret

buzzer is a special function, on this function we switch on the buzzer

automatically.
 fire sensor: in the fire sensor we we use one thermistor with
transistor circuit. When we heat the thermistor then thermistor
value is to be decreased and circuit activate and buzzer is on.

fire:
clr p2.1
acall delay
setb p2.1
acall buzzer
ret

 In the light sensor we use ldr as a sensor. When light fall on the ldr
then ldr shows a low resistance and due to that transistor provide a
negative signal to the controller. When controller sense a negative
signal on the pin then processor provide a four time buzzer sound.

light:
clr p2.0
acall delay
setb p2.0
acall buzzer
ret

 In the interruption mode we use one infra red led and photodiode
in pair. If there is any object in the front of the stick then infra red
light is reflected from the object and due to that photodiode gives a
negative signal to the controller. When controller sense a negative
signal on the pin then processor provide a five time buzzer sound.

inter:
clr p2.2
acall delay
setb p2.2
acall buzzer
ret
buzzer:

S1:
clr p2.0 ; buzzer is on
acall delay
setb p2.0 ; buzzer is on
acall delay
ret

delay:

mov r0,#100
mov r1,#200
mov r2,#200
sim:
djnz r0,sim
djnz r1,sim
djnz r2,sim
ret

Usefulness
It will be very useful for the persons who are visually impaired and want
to be self dependent. This device will be surely in use for those who are
visually impaired. It is also help for old peoples by guiding them if they
are unable to find or see the problems or interruptions during their walk.

LDR input
 Infrared sensor input

Remote sensor

Thermistor

Water sensor