• Ya
• Yang mana ?
• Bagaimana ?
• “Apakah ada manfaat
Astaxanthin sebagai
anti oksidan ?”
Dampak ROS
- Kerusakan DNA
- Inflamasi
- Degenerasi
- Kematian sel
Astaxanthin is
considered one
of the
strongest
antioxidants in
nature, due to
its high
scavenging
potential of free
radicals in the
human body.
Astaxanthin
• Astaxanthin memiliki kaarakteristik lipophilic dan hydrophilic.
• Ikatan ganda
• Mampu menembus sawar darah otak
• Larut lemak: distribusi rata ke jaringan
• Mekanisme neuroproteksi:
• Anti oksidan
• Anti inflamasi
• Anti apoptotis
Neuroproteksi: efek
oksidan
Astaxanthin fasilitasi
erythroid 2-related factor
(Nrf2), dengan aktivasi
PI3K/Akt dan ERK
Meningkatkan ekspresi
enzim l HO-1, NQO-1, and
GST-α1 yang
menghambat radikal
bebas
Neuroproteksi: efek anti
inflamasi
Astaxanthin
menghambat
overekspresi IL-6, ICAM-
1, dan MCP1
Menghambat produksi
sitokin
Neuroproteksi: efek anti
apoptosis
Aktivasi PI3K/Akt
Menurunkan caspase-
dependent neuronal
apoptosis.
Mempertahankan
integritas mitrokondria
p38 dan MEK
Astaxanthin : kemampuan ikatan ganda
• Astaxanthin : dua ikatan:
hydroxyl dan keto
• Astaxanthin: lipophilic dan
hydrophilic
• Donasi electron, terminasi
radikal bebas
• Ikatan ganda di dalam dan luar
membran sel : potensi anti
oksidan lebih baik
Studi pra klinik Astaxanthin
men subjects with a single-blind method after administration of astaxanthin at 6 mg/day for
10 days [141]. Recent studies on astaxanthin dosage effects on human health benefits were presented
In the present scenario, production of astaxanthin from natural sources has become one of the most
successful activities in biotechnology. Astaxanthin has great demand in food, feed, nutraceutical and
Afek anti atherosclerosis (Kishimoto, 2016)
Astaxanthin supresi
ekspresi scavenger
receptors dan
ekspresi MMPs, dan
inflammatory
mediators, (tumor
necrosis factor
(TNF)-α, interleukin
(IL)-1β, IL-6,
inducible nitric oxide
synthase (iNOS),
danCOX-2, in THP-1
macrophages)
Studi klinik
pressure flow nasal oxygen (58). Administration of anti-inflammatory substance to potentially
avert the existing ARDS condition is not known (30). Taken together, we speculate that
implications of nASX as adjunctive countermeasure in the treatment of COVID-19 may exert dual