Date : 04.07.

2006
Soil Resistivity Test Report of Ravindranagar dhoos(Kushinagar)

Direction Soil Resistivity

Electrode Meter Reading-
Zone (2*π*S*R)
From To Spacing (Mtr) Ohm
A 12m C1 12m C2 12m C3
Zone -1 A B1 1 3.7 23.236
2 1.7 21.352 Zone-1 Zone-4 Zone-7
3 1.6 30.144
4 1.3 32.656 12m 12m 12m 12m
26.847

A C1 1 5.3 33.284
2 1.8 22.608
3 1.1 20.724 12m 12m 12m
4 1 25.12 B1 D1 D2 D3
25.434
B1 D1 1 3 18.84
2 1.9 23.864
3 1.5 28.26 12m 12m 12m
4 1.2 30.144 Zone-2 12m Zone-5 Zone-8
25.277
C1 D1 1 3.5 21.98
2 2.3 28.888
3 1.8 33.912 12m 12m 12m
4 1.3 32.656 B2 E1 E2 E3
29.359
The avg resistitvity of Zone 1 26.72925
Zone-2 B1 B2 1 2.8 17.584
2 2.1 26.376
3 1.5 28.26
4 1.2 30.144 12m Zone-3 12m Zone-6 12m Zone-9 12m
25.591
B2 E1 1 2.9 18.212
2 1.7 21.352
3 1.3 24.492
4 1.2 30.144 B3 12m F1 F2 F3
23.55
D1 E1 1 3.9 24.492 12m 12m
2 2.8 35.168
3 1.7 32.028
4 1.4 35.168
31.714
The avg resistitvity of Zone 2 26.8960625
Zone -3 B2 B3 1 3.2 20.096
2 1.8 22.608
3 1.5 28.26
4 1.3 32.656
 25.905
E1 F1 1 3.3 20.724
2 1.7 21.352
3 1.4 26.376
4 1.3 32.656
25.277
B3 F1 1 3.1 19.468
2 2 25.12
3 1.5 28.26
4 1.1 27.632
25.12
Zone-4 C1 C2 1 4 25.12
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.75 32.97
4 1.2 30.144
29.9085
26.552625

Direction
Electrode Meter Reading-
Zone
Spacing (Mtr) Ohm
From To
D1 D2 1 3.9 24.492
2 2.6 32.656
3 1.8 33.912
4 1 25.12
116.18
C2 D2 1 4.2 26.376
2 2.4 30.144
3 1.7 32.028
4 1.5 37.68
126.228
Zone-5 E1 E2 1 3.5 21.98
2 2.2 27.632
3 1.9 35.796
4 1.4 35.168
120.576
D2 E2 1 3.9 24.492
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.9 35.796
4 1.2 30.144
121.832
Zone-6 F1 F2 1 4.4 27.632
2 2.3 28.888
3 1.7 32.028
4 1.4 35.168
123.716
E2 F2 1 4.1 25.748
 2 2.7 33.912
3 2.1 39.564
4 1.3 32.656
131.88
Zone-7 C2 C3 1 3.8 23.864
2 1.9 23.864
3 1.6 30.144
4 1.2 30.144
108.016
D2 D3 1 4 25.12
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.7 32.028
4 1.3 32.656
121.204
C3 D3 1 3.9 24.492
2 2.3 28.888
3 1.7 32.028
4 1.4 35.168
120.576
Zone-8 E2 E3 1 3.8 23.864
2 2.2 27.632
3 1.8 33.912
4 1.5 37.68
123.088
D3 E3 1 4 25.12
2 2.6 32.656
3 1.9 35.796
4 1.4 35.168
128.74
Zone-9 F2 F3 1 4.2 26.376
2 2.7 33.912
3 1.8 33.912
4 1.5 37.68
131.88
Direction
Electrode Meter Reading-
Zone
From To Spacing (Mtr) Ohm

E3 F3 1 3.7 23.236
2 2.4 30.144
3 1.9 35.796
4 1.3 32.656
121.832
Zone-10 C3 C4 1 4.2 26.376
2 2.4 30.144
3 1.8 33.912
4 1.3 32.656
123.088
D3 D4 1 3.9 24.492
2 2.5 31.4
 3 1.8 33.912
4 1.5 37.68
127.484
C4 D4 1 4.2 26.376
2 2.7 33.912
3 2.1 39.564
4 1.5 37.68
137.532
Zone-11 E3 E4 1 3.8 23.864
2 2.1 26.376
3 1.9 35.796
4 1.3 32.656
94.828
D4 E4 1 4.1 25.748
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.9 35.796
4 1.4 35.168
128.112
Zone-12 F3 F4 1 3.9 24.492
2 2 25.12
3 1.7 32.028
4 1.4 35.168
116.808
E4 F4 1 3.3 20.724
2 2.2 27.632
3 1.5 28.26
4 1.1 27.632
104.248

Signature of VEL Signature of POWERGRID

12m C4

Zone-10

12m

12m
D4

12m
Zone-11

E4

Zone-12 12m

F4

12m
 Ref:CBIP Publication223
Earthing Calculation for 33/11KV S/S Ravindranagar Dhoos
Design Considerations
Soil Resistivity ρ = 29.56 ohm m Avarage value of all zones
System fault Current Ik = 25000 A
Grid fault Current Ig = 12500 A
Fault Duration t = 3 Sec
Ambient Temperature Te = 40 oc
Max allowable temp Tm = 990 oc
Earthing grid Material MS rod
Density of steel d = 7.85 gm/cc
Resistance temp coefficient a = 0.00423 /oc
Specific heat of material S = 0.114 cal/gm/oc
Earth Ground Welded
Dimension of S/S L = 30 M
B = 20 M
Depth Burried h = 0.6 M
K1 = 1.15 from graph According to CBIP manual,page No:24
K2 = 4.75 from graph According to CBIP manual,page No:24
Area of the substation (A) = 600 sq.m2
Π = 3.14
h1 = sqrt(D1*h)
r = 16 mm
D1 = 32 mm

h1 = 0.13856 M
MS Rod
let spacing s = 2.5
no of rods width wise nw = 9
no of rods in length wise nl = 9
length of rod L1 = L*nl+B*nw
length of rod L1 = 450.00 M
Surface area A2 = 3.14*D1*L1
A2 = 45.2 M2
Total wt of rod KG = 2839.565 Kg
effective surface area A1 = n*3.14*D*Le
Treated type = 2.355
Untreated type = 2.5905
= 4.946 M2
Total Effective area in M 2
= A1+A2 M2
= 50.2 > 15.55
No of earth electrodes and strips below ground & effective resistance of ground
The max permissible current density of earth electrodes and strip surface
= 7570/sqrt(P*t)
= 803.9 A/M2
Total surface area req for earth electrodes and strips
= Fault current/current density
= 15.55 M2
Cross sectional area A = 12.3*Ik*Sqrt(t) Page No.5
= 153.8 mm2
Reference:Annexure -1,Design for earth mat for 11KV substation,Paragraph (V),
determine the size of the conductor for earthmat (C )-corrosion : of CBIP manual
As Technical Specification, earth mat using 32mm dia MS Rod
So we select 32mm MS rod* Dia 32 mm

Surface area 803.84 803.84 > 153.75

Effective surface area and resistances of electrodes and strips

Electrode
Treated type 40mm dia GI Pipe 3 Mtr Long Ref: LOA , S.No-28, Page 6/14
for PTR, Station Transformer 4 Nos
For LA 30KV 6 Nos

Total 10 Nos
Untreated type 32mm dia MS rod 3 Mtr Long
PTR Body earthing 2 Nos
Stn Transformer Body 2 Nos
Structure and Equipment
earthing 9 Nos
Total 11 Nos
Diameter D = 0.04 M
Length L2 = 3 M
no of electrodes N = (ρ /(Π21
L1)Nos{
) Ln(2L1/ h1)+K1(L1/√A)-

}
Resistance of earth mat
conductor R1 = K2
0.526257 ohms
Resistance of all earth rods R2 = (ρ /(2NΠL2){Ln(8L2/D2)-1+2K1(L2/√A)(√N -1)2}
R2 = 0.673356 ohms

R12 = {
(ρ /( ΠL1) Ln(2L1/ L2)+K1(L1/√A)- K2 +1 }
= 0.482847

Effective ground resistance R = (R1 R2 – (R12)2)/(R1+R2-2R12 )

= 0.518201 ohms < Ohms
CALCULATION FOR TOLERABLE VALUES OF SAFE TOUCH AND STEP POTENTIALS
Etouch Safe = 0.116/Sqrt(t)*(1000+1.5Cs(hs,Ks)Ps) 1
Estep Safe = 0.116/Sqrt(t)*(1000+6Cs(hs,Ks)Ps)
Reduction factor Cs = 1
Surface layer Thickness hs = 0.250 M
Reduction factor Cs = 0.84
Resistivity of crushed rock Ps = 3000 ohm M
Ks = (P-Ps)/(P+Ps)
= -0.980
Ref: Page No. 8 of CBIP(100mm
So Cs(hs,Ks) from the given graph
of page 17 in CBIP Manual 0.795 thick crush rock layer and gravel)
Etouch Safe = 530.99 V
Estep Safe = 1869.92 V
ACTUAL STEP AND TOUCH POTENTIALS
Etouch = (Km*Ki*P*Ik)/L
Estep = Ks*Ki*P*Ik)/L
L = L1+(1.15*N)
= 522.45 M
Grid current Ig = 12500 Amps

(1/(2*3.14))((Ln(S2/(16hD)+((S+2h)2/8SD)-(h/4D))
Spacing factor for touch voltage Km = +Kii/Kh*Ln(8/(3.14*(2n-1))
Kii = 1
n = Sqrt(nw*ni) = 9
Kh = sqrt(1+h/ho)
ho = 1
Kh = 1.264911
Km = 0.300729158470917
Spacing factor for Step voltage Ks = 1/3.14(1/2h+1/(S+h)+1/S(1-0.5n-2)
= 0.495016 Here n= max(nw,ni)
Corrected factor for grid geometry Ki = 0.172n+0.656 Here n= Avg(nw,ni)
= 2.204
Etouch = 468.7668 < 530.99
Estep = 771.6154 < 1869.92