Zone Interlocking

ZONE INTERLOCKING APPLICATION
NOTE
Application Note For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective 08/03

Application Zone Interlocking
Note Effective Date: 08/03 Page 1
Table of Contents
What is Zone Interlocking? ............................................................................... 3
What is the purpose of Zone Interlocking?...................................................... 3
How does it work?.............................................................................................. 3
Connection Requirements ................................................................................. 5
Conductor ...................................................................................................................... 5
Self-interlocking Jumper .............................................................................................. 6
Phase and Ground Outputs and Inputs ....................................................................... 6
Products Available ............................................................................................. 8
Medium Voltage ............................................................................................................. 8
FP5000 ................................................................................................................................................ 8
DT 3000 ............................................................................................................................................. 11
Low Voltage .................................................................................................................. 13
DS ...................................................................................................................................................... 13
Digitrip 510 ....................................................................................................................................... 13
Digitrip 610 ....................................................................................................................................... 13
Digitrip 810 ....................................................................................................................................... 13
Digitrip 910 ....................................................................................................................................... 13
OPTIM 750 ......................................................................................................................................... 13
OPTIM 1050 ....................................................................................................................................... 13
Magnum ........................................................................................................................ 15
Digitrip 520, 520M ............................................................................................................................ 15
OPTIM 1050 ....................................................................................................................................... 15
SPB ............................................................................................................................... 17
Series C ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Digitrip 510 ....................................................................................................................................... 17
Digitrip 610 ....................................................................................................................................... 17
Digitrip 810 ....................................................................................................................................... 17
Digitrip 910 ....................................................................................................................................... 17
OPTIM 750 ......................................................................................................................................... 17
OPTIM 1050 ....................................................................................................................................... 17
Molded Case ..................................................................................................................................... 19
Applications ...................................................................................................... 21
Basic Distribution ........................................................................................................ 21
Self-Interlocking .......................................................................................................... 22
Transformer Inrush ...................................................................................................... 22
Advanced Applications .................................................................................... 22
Scheme 1: ..................................................................................................................... 22
Scheme 2: ..................................................................................................................... 24
Scheme 3: ..................................................................................................................... 26
Scheme 4: ..................................................................................................................... 27
Scheme 5: ..................................................................................................................... 29
Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 1

Zone Interlocking Application
Page 2 Effective Date: 08/03 Note
Summary ........................................................................................................... 29
Scheme 1:..................................................................................................................... 29
Scheme 2:..................................................................................................................... 29
Scheme 3:..................................................................................................................... 29
Scheme 4:..................................................................................................................... 29
Scheme 5:..................................................................................................................... 29
Page 2 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective Date: 08/03

What is Zone Interlocking? ground), two outputs (one for phase and one for
ground) and a common. Zone Interlock terminations
are discussed in the connection requirements section
Zone interlocking is a communication scheme used of this document. If a fault exceeds the short time pick
with circuit breakers and protective relays to improve up of a down stream device (zone 2) the trip unit will
the level of protection in a power distribution system. send a signal upstream to acknowledge that it recog-
This is achieved through communication between the nizes the problem. An example of a feeder fault is
downstream and upstream devices in a power distribu- shown in figure 1; a bus fault is shown in figure 2.
tion system. The zones are classified by their location
downstream of the main circuit protective device which The downstream device signals to the upstream device
is generally defined as zone 1. through the communication wires that it “sees” the
fault. This keeps the upstream device from interrupting
This document will review Eaton|Cutler-Hammer quickly, therefore maintaining power to the rest of the
protective devices that utilize zone interlocking protec- system.
tion, connections and common practices.
If the down stream device fails, the upstream device
would trip instantaneously after a 3 cycle delay, pro-
What is the purpose of Zone Inter- vided the fault exceeded the short delay pick up set for
that device. This shows the benefits of zone interlock-
locking? ing. If a major fault occurs the device closest to the
fault will be given the opportunity to clear the condition
The purpose of Zone Interlocking (ZI) is to speed up without disrupting service to other areas of the facility.
tripping for some faults without sacrificing the coordina- The ZI feature enhances the coordination of the system
tion of the system and interjecting nuisance trips into without sacrificing protection.
the system. Zone interlocking devices can communi-
cate across distribution zones to determine whether or If a bus fault were to occur as shown in figure 2. The
not a device sees a fault condition. down stream device would not recognize the fault
condition and the device closest to the fault would trip
instantaneously after a 3 cycle delay. This immediate
How does it work? reaction by the upstream device prevents the condition
from getting worse by delaying the trip to its coordi-
nated time defined by the inverse time curve. Figure 3
Zone interlocking monitors phase and ground faults shows the device tripping instantaneously after a 3
between devices in separate zones using a three or cycle delay, instead of tripping in 100 ms (6 cycles).
five wire scheme. The three wire scheme has one This dramatically reduces the amount of energy
output, one input and a common. The five wire consumed by the fault.
scheme has two inputs (one for phase and one for
Transformer Transformer
Zone 1 Zone 1
Main Breaker Main Breaker
BUS BUS
Zone 2 Zone 2 Fault
Feeder Breaker Feeder Breaker
Fault
M M M M M M
Figure 1 Figure 2
Tables one, two, and three show how much energy

would be extinguished for a 10000 amp fault
Table One
Fault at load with self zone interlocking jumper applied
Device Ir SHORT DELAY Time to Trip I2 t

Feeder Breaker 1000 A 300mS 100mS 1 x 109
Main Breaker 3200 A 500mS NA NA
Table Two
Fault at bus between zone interlocking

Feeder Breaker 1000 A 300mS NA NA
Main Breaker 3200 A 500mS 100mS 1 x 109
Table Three
Fault at bus ZI defeated
This example shows how much energy is limited by using the ZI on a fault condition.

Feeder Breaker 1000 A 500mS NA NA
Main Breaker 3200 A 500mS 500mS 5 x 109

Connection Requirements
Conductor
Twisted-pair instrumentation cable with 16, 18 or 20 gauge conductors is recommended. Install the wiring in
metal compartments, conduit or other facilities used to physically separate control circuits from current-carrying
power circuits. The loop dc resistance of the connection pair should be under 10 ohms. Shielding is not required,
but is acceptable if already present in the cabling system. Use a separate twisted pair for each interlocking
circuit; for example, phase versus ground zone interlocking circuits running in parallel.
The stated limitation of connection distance is 75 meters (246 feet). The sending and receiving of the zone
interlocking signals should be confirmed by testing before or during commissioning. Devices on the same bus
are considered in parallel. No more than 20 devices should be connected in parallel. Figure 4 shows 18 primary
feeder breakers in parallel in series with one primary main breaker.
When 20 or more devices are connected in parallel

diodes must be used to isolate the input and output
signals. This is shown in figure 5.
If the number of devices in table 4 are exceeded
steering diodes must be placed on the ground and/or
phase outputs due to internal component configura-
tions.
Figure 4
Figure 5

Table Four
DEVICE DIGITRIP OPTIM DT3000 FP5000 GFR

# OF DEVICES
without self
interlock 20 20 10 11 10
With self interlock 3 23 10 11 10
With self interlock
and steering
diodes 20 20 20 20 NA
Steering diodes are IN4004 or equivalent.
Table Five
VR VRSM VR(RMS) IO IFSM TJ VF VF(AVG) IR IR(AVG)

400 480 280 1 30 amps(for -65 to +175 0.93 0.8 volts .05uA 30 uA
volts volts volts amp 1 cycle) deg C volts 1.0uA
Self-interlocking Jumper Table Six

ZI
Device Connections
CAUTION FP5000 Combined

A self-interlocking jumper must be added to the device
in the final zone to keep the device from tripping DT3000 Independent
instantaneously. This jumper is applied from the zone
out to the zone input on the phase and ground connec- Magnum Digitrip Combined
tions of each device in the final zone.
Digitrip 910 Independent
Digitrip 810 Independent

WARNING Digitrip 610 Independent
Do NOT connect the zone common to earth ground.
This is a digital ground and must be isolated from the Digitrip 510 Independent
system ground.
OPTIM 1050 Independent
Phase and Ground Outputs and Inputs
OPTIM 750 Independent
Zone input and output interlock connections may be
combined on the same terminal for phase and ground
or have separate connections. Figure 6 shows an
example of the 5 wire DT3000. Figure 7 shows an
example of the 3 wire FP5000. Combining the phase
and ground outputs or inputs on the same terminal
reduces the number of conductors required for adding
zone interlocking to a power distribution system. Table
6 shows which products have the zone interlock signal
combined or independent. Figure 8 shows a connec-
tion diagram of 3 and 5 wire schemes for trip units and
relays.

Figure 6 - DT 3000 Figure 7 - FP 5000
Figure eight is an example of devices that range from

integral molded case trip units using the 5 wire scheme
to advance relays using the 3 wire scheme connected
together for zone interlocking applications.
Figure 8

Products Available
This section shows what products have Zone Interlock-

ing available, where the terminations are, internal logic
diagrams and what elements the zone interlocking
recognizes.
Medium Voltage
Table Seventeen
FP5000
Phase/Ground
OUT O J3-1
Common C J3-2
Shield S J3-4
Phase/Ground
IN I J3-3
FP5000
Table Eighteen
Element Definition
50G Instantaneous Ground element
50P Instantaneous Phase element
50R Instantaneous
50X Instantaneous
51G Overcurrent Ground
51P PU Overcurrent Phase Pick Up
51P Overcurrent Phase
BF TRIP Breaker Fail Trip

Internal Logic
Output Signal
Phase Zone Interlock

51P Pickup
50P-1 Pickup
50P-2 Pickup
Zone Out Phase Setting 10 cycles

Zone Interlock Output
0
51P Operate
50P-1 Operate
50P-2 Operate BF Trip
Definitions:
51P Pickup = Irms > 51P Phase Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection Setting
50P-1 Pickup = Irms > 50P-1 Phase Overcurrent Protection Setting
Zone Out Phase Setting = “Zone Out” Protection Setting set to “Phase” or “Both”
51P Operate = 51P Phase Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection operation
50P-1 Operate = 50P-1 Phase Overcurrent Protection operation
50P-2 Operate = 50P-2 Phase Overcurrent Protection operation
BF Trip = Breaker Failure Trip signal
Zone Interlock Output = Discrete zone interlocking output signal
Ground Zone Interlock

51G Pickup
50G-1 Pickup
50G-2 Pickup
Zone Out Ground Setting 10 cycles

Zone Interlock Output
0
51G Operate
50G-1 Operate
50G-2 Operate BF Trip
Definitions:
51G Pickup = IXrms > 51X or IRrms > 51R Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection Setting
50G-1 Pickup = IXrms > 50X-1 or IRrms > 50R-1 Overcurrent Protection Setting
Zone Out Ground Setting = “Zone Out” Protection Setting set to “Ground” or “Both”
51G Operate = 51X or 51R Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection operation
50G-1 Operate = 50X-1 or 50R-1 Overcurrent Protection operation
50G-2 Operate = 50X-2 or 50R-2 Overcurrent Protection operation
BF Trip = Breaker Failure Trip signal
Zone Interlock Output = Discrete zone interlocking output signal

Internal Logic
Input Signal
1.5 * 51P Pickup Phase Zone Interlock Pickup

50P-1 Pickup
50P-2 Pickup
3 cycles
Zone In Phase Setting Phase Zone Interlock Trip
Zone Input Signal Active 0
Definitions:
1.5 * 51P Pickup = Irms > 1.5 * 51P Phase Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection Setting
Zone In Phase Setting = “Zone In” Protection Setting set to “Phase” or “Both”
Zone Input Signal Active = Discrete zone interlocking input
Phase Zone Interlock Pickup = Pickup flag; does not log an event
Phase Zone Interlock Trip = Trip output; causes event log
51G Pickup Ground Zone Interlock Pickup

50G-1 Pickup
50G-2 Pickup
3 cycles
Zone In Ground Setting Ground Zone Interlock Trip
Zone Input Signal Active 0
Definitions:
51G Pickup = IXrms > 51X or IRrms > 51R Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection Setting
Zone In Ground Setting = “Zone In” Protection Setting set to “Ground” or “Both”
Zone Input Signal Active = Discrete zone interlocking input
Ground Zone Interlock Pickup = Pickup flag; does not log an event
Ground Zone Interlock Trip = Trip output; causes event log

Table Seven
Zone Interlock Terminations
Drawout Fixed
Ground IN 13 11
Ground OUT 14 12
Phase IN 15 13
Phase OUT 16 14
Common 18 15
Table Eight
Zone Interlock Availability
Device SHORT LONG GF

DELAY DELAY
DT3000 • • •
DT-MV • • •
DT 3000
Internal Logic
Output Signal
Max Phase Irms >
Phase O/C Pickup
OR1
Max Phase Irms >
OR2 Phase Zone Out
Phase SD Pickup
0
AND1
Decision to Trip 175 ms
Max Ground Irms >

Ground O/C Pickup
Max Ground Irms
OR1
> Ground Zone
OR2
Ground SD Out
Pickup 0
AND1

INPUT Signal
Phase Zone Input

Signal Active Dip
Set
Switch
Latch1 70 to 90 ms
AND3 ZI Fast Trip
Reset 0 OR2 Phase Trip
Max Phase Irms >

3 per unit
AND1
OR1
O/C Time
Max Phase Irms >
Phase O/C Pickup
0 AND4 Long Delay Trip
OR3
AND2
Curve = FLAT
or IECD
SD Time
Max Phase Irms >
Short Delay Trip
Phase SD Pickup
0
Ground Zone Input Set

Signal Active
Latch1 70 to 90 ms
AND3 ZI Fast Trip
Reset 0 OR2 Ground Trip
OR1
O/C Time
Ground Irms >
Ground O/C Pickup
0 AND4 Long Delay Trip
AND2
Curve = FLAT
or IECD
SD Time
Ground Irms >
Short Delay Trip
Ground SD Pickup
0

Low Voltage
Digitrip 510 Digitrip 610
DS
OPTIM 750
OPTIM 1050
Table Ten
Table Nine Device SHORT LONG GF
Zone Interlock Terminations DELAY DELAY
Ground IN C5 DIGITRIP 510 • •
Ground OUT C4
Phase IN D9
DIGITRIP 610 • •
Phase OUT D10 DIGITRIP 810 • •
Common C1 DIGITRIP 910 • •
OPTIM 750 • •
OPTIM 1050 • •

Internal Logic
Output Signal
Max Phase Irms >

Phase O/C Pickup
OR1
Max Phase Irms >
OR2 Phase Zone Out
Phase SD Pickup
0
AND1
Max Ground Irms >

Ground O/C Pickup
Max Ground Irms
OR1
> Ground Zone
OR2
Ground SD Out
Pickup 0
AND1
Input Signal
P h a s e Z o n e In p u t S et
S ig n a l A c tiv e
L a tc h 1 7 0 to 9 0 m s
AND3 Z I F a s t T rip
R e se t 0 OR2 P h a s e T rip
S D T im e
M a x P h a s e Ir m s >
S h o r t D e la y T rip
P h a s e S D P ic k u p
0
G ro u n d Z o n e In p u t Set
L a tc h 1 7 0 to 9 0 m s
R es et 0 OR2 G ro u n d T rip
G ro u n d Irm s >
S D T im e
G ro u n d S D P ic k u p
S h o rt D e la y T rip
0

Magnum
Digitrip 520, 520M
Table Eleven
Ground IN ZIN B8
Ground OUT ZOUT B9
Phase IN ZIN B8
Phase OUT ZOUT B9
Common COM B7
1150
Table Twelve

DELAY DELAY
DIGITRIP 520M • •
OPTIM 1150 • •

Internal Logic
Output Signal
Max Phase Irms >

Phase O/C Pickup
OR1
Max Phase Irms >
OR2 Phase Zone Out
Phase SD Pickup
0
AND1
Max Ground Irms >

Ground O/C Pickup
Max Ground Irms
OR1
> Ground Zone
OR2
Ground SD Out
Pickup 0
AND1
Input Signal
P h a s e Z o n e In p u t Set
L a tc h 1 7 0 to 9 0 m s
AND3 Z I F a s t T r ip
S D T im e
S h o rt D e la y T r ip
0
L a tc h 1 7 0 to 9 0 m s
R ese t 0 OR2 G ro u n d T rip
G ro u n d Irm s >
S D T im e
0

SPB

Series C
OPTIM 750
OPTIM 1050
Table Fourteen
Table Thirteen
Zone Interlock Terminations Device SHORT LONG GF
Ground IN C5 DELAY DELAY
Ground OUT C4 DIGITRIP 510 • •
Phase IN D9 DIGITRIP 610 • •
Phase OUT D10
Common C1
OPTIM 750 • •
OPTIM 1050 • •

Internal Logic
Output Signal
Max Phase Irms >

Phase O/C Pickup
OR1
Max Phase Irms >
OR2 Phase Zone Out
Phase SD Pickup
0
AND1
Max Ground Irms >

Ground O/C Pickup
Max Ground Irms
OR1
> Ground Zone
OR2
Ground SD Out
Pickup 0
AND1
Input Signal
L a tc h 1 7 0 to 9 0 m s
S D T im e
M a x P h a s e Irm s >
0
L a tc h 1 7 0 to 9 0 m s
G ro u n d Irm s >
S D T im e
0

Table Fifteen
RD ND, LD,
KD
Ground IN C5 GIN
Ground OUT C4 GOUT
Phase IN D9 SIN
Phase OUT D10 SOUT
Common C1 COM
Molded Case
Table Sixteen

DELAY DELAY
OPTIM 750 • •
OPTIM 1050 • •

Internal Logic
Output Signal
Max Phase Irms >

Phase O/C Pickup
OR1
Max Phase Irms >
OR2 Phase Zone Out
Phase SD Pickup
0
AND1
Max Ground Irms >

Ground O/C Pickup
Max Ground Irms
OR1
> Ground Zone
OR2
Ground SD Out
Pickup 0
AND1
Input Signal
L a tc h 1 7 0 to 9 0 m s
G ro u n d Irm s >
S D T im e
0
L a tc h 1 7 0 to 9 0 m s
AND3 Z I F a s t T r ip
S D T im e
S h o rt D e la y T r ip
0

B C
Figure A
Applications also take out the additional device fed by the upstream
breaker creating a larger outage than necessary.
Basic Distribution If a fault were to occur at C the 100 A breaker feeding

load LP-2 with ZI capabilities would send a signal
Zone Interlocks communicate fault conditions across upstream. This signal would be used to communicate
zones. A zone is a section of the power distribution a disturbance and the upstream device will trip after its
system that is connected at a common point above coordinated time delay. The device immediately
ground. Zone interlocking works in parallel with a preceding disturbance, the 100 A breaker feeding load
coordinated protection of a power distribution system. LP-2, will extinguish the fault condition. There are
Figure A shows a system that uses zone interlocks. three benefits by applying ZI to the system.
Eaton|Cutler-Hammer can utilize zone interlocks on
Medium and Low voltage distribution systems. When a 1. The disturbance is cleared sooner.
device with the zone interlock option senses an irregu- 2. The disturbance is isolated from the rest of
lar condition, such as a fault or overcurrent condition, a the system.
signal is sent to the upstream device to prevent it from
tripping instantaneously. Only the local device will trip 3. Trouble shooting can be more efficient.
unless the coordinated protection levels are exceeded.
The protection levels are not compromised. Assuming that the tie is open and the backup generator
is isolated from the 380 Vac bus. If a fault would occur
If a fault would occur at point B and the 100 A breaker at a bus location, point A for example, the 2500 A main
feeding load LP-1 does not have ZI capabilities no breakers would trip instantaneously. This is because a
signal will be sent upstream. If the fault magnitude is signal would not be sent from a down stream device.
high enough the upstream devices may also trip. This Due to the location of the fault the main breakers will
will protect the system from further damage but may trip instantaneously because there will be no devices to

send a signal to the 2500 A mains. The breaker should the primary fail.
immediately upstream of the fault will react instanta-
neously to the disturbance eliminating the programmed Scheme 1:
time delay. This functionality greatly reduces the
amount of stress on the system because of the quick
M-T-M, without Digitrip on Bus TIE breaker and
response. without partial differential
Self-Interlocking
If preferred the ZI signal may be defeated by sending
the output signal to the input. This can be accom-
plished by placing a jumper between the output and
input signals on the device. When a disturbance
occurs, the signal output will be fed into the input
defeating an instantaneous response. This may be
applied to breakers that serve loads that should not be
interrupted unless the protection limits are exceeded.
CAUTION
The self interlocking jumper must be installed in a) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Open, M1 and M2 Closed.
the device of the last zone or coordination will be
lost! Fault at XF1
Transformer Inrush The DT3000 on F1 will detect a fault at point XF1. It

will send a zone interlock signal to zone one devices
Applying zone interlocking on the primary side of a located on M1 and M2. This will keep the M1 and M2
transformer may cause false trips due to high trans- devices from tripping unless their coordinated protec-
former inrush currents that may be greater than 12X tion times are exceeded.
the FLA rating of the transformer with the secondary
open. In order to prevent the breaker on the primary Fault at XF2
side from tripping in a nuisance condition a self inter- The DT3000 on F2 will detect a fault at point XF2. It
locking jumper should be installed during the energiz- will send a zone interlock signal to zone one devices
ing of the transformer, which can last from 10 cycles to located on M1 and M2. This will keep the M1 and M2
several minutes. devices from tripping unless their coordinated protec-
This may be accomplished by using a timer that closes tion times are exceeded.
a contact during the inrush period of the transformer Fault at X1
across the zone interlock output and input terminals of
the device. If a harmonic restrain unit that monitors 2nd The DT3000 on M1 will detect a fault at point X1 and
order harmonics is available; a contact closure from the the fault will be ignored by F1 and F2. M1 will not
harmonic restraining unit can be used as a self- receive a zone interlock signal and will trip instanta-
interlocking jumper. The self-interlocking jumper would neously. This will limit damage to the system bypass-
allow the device to trip according to preset coordinated ing the coordinated trip time.
time current curves and temporarily disable the instan-
taneous zone interlock feature. Fault at X2
The DT3000 on M2 will detect a fault at point X2 and
the fault will be ignored by F1 and F2. M2 will not
Advanced Applications receive a zone interlock signal and will trip instanta-
neously. This will limit damage to the system bypass-
The following applications are for main tie main (M-T- ing the coordinated trip time.
M) configurations. M-T-M configuration is used to
maintain a reliable backup source of utility power

Fault at XS1 or at XS2 Fault at XS2

Source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear Source 1 will feed the fault at XS2 through M1, the Tie
these faults. and reverse feed M2.
b) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Closed The DT3000 at M2 and the DT3000 at M1 will both see
and M2 Closed. and measure the same current because polarity does
Fault at XF1 not have an affect on the DT3000.
The DT3000 on F1 will detect a fault at point XF1. It If M2 opens first, power to Bus-1 and Bus-2 will con-
will send a zone interlock signal to zone one devices tinue. Opening the Source 1 upstream device will
located on M1 and M2. This will keep the M1 and M2 ultimately clear the fault.
devices from tripping unless their coordinated protec- If M1 opens first, supply to Bus-1 and Bus-2 is lost.
tion times are exceeded. Opening of the Source 1 upstream device will ulti-
Fault at X1 mately clear the fault.
The DT3000s on M1 and M2 will not receive a zone c) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Closed, M2
interlock signal; M1 and M2 will trip instantaneously. Open
This will limit damage to the system bypassing the Fault at XF1
coordinated trip time. This will also be difficult to
determine which side had the fault since both mains The DT3000 at F1 will restrain M1 DT3000 and M2
tripped. DT3000. The restrain signal will not have an affect on
M2 DT3000 since the breaker M2 is already open and
Fault at XF2 is not carrying any current. The DT3000 at F1 will clear
The DT3000 on F2 will detect a fault at point XF2. It the fault or the DT3000 at M1 will clear the fault after its
will send a zone interlock signal to zone one devices coordinated time delay.
located on M1 and M2. This will keep the M1 and M2 Fault at XF2
devices from tripping unless their coordinated protec-
tion times are exceeded. The DT3000 at F2 will restrain M1 DT3000 and M2
DT3000. The restrain signal will not have an affect on
Fault at X2 M2 DT3000 since the breaker M2 is already open and
Again the DT3000s on M1 and M2 will not receive a is not carrying any current. The DT3000 at F1 will clear
zone interlock signal; M1 and M2 will trip instanta- the fault or the DT3000 at M1 will clear the fault after its
neously. This will limit damage to the system bypass- coordinated time delay.
ing the coordinated trip time. This will also be difficult Fault at X1 or X2
to determine which side had the fault since both mains
tripped. No restrain signal will be sent to the DT3000 at M1.
The DT3000 at M1 will clear the fault instantaneously
Fault at XS1 minimizing damage to the power distribution system.
Source 2 will feed the fault at XS1 through M2, the Tie Fault at XS1 or XS2
and reverse feed M1.
The source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear
The DT3000 at M2 and the DT3000 at M1 will both see these faults.
and measure the same current because polarity does
not have an affect on the DT3000. d) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Open, M2
Closed
If M1 opens first, power to Bus-1 and Bus-2 will con-
tinue. The fault will ultimately be cleared by opening the Fault at XF1
Source 1 upstream device. The F1 DT3000 will restrain M1 DT3000 and M2
If M2 opens first, supply to Bus-1 and Bus-2 is lost. DT3000. The restrain signal does not have an affect
Opening the Source 1 upstream device will ultimately on M1 DT3000 since the breaker M1 is already open
clear the fault. and is not carrying any current; F1 DT3000 will clear
the fault. This will keep the M2 device from tripping

unless its coordinated protection time is exceeded. Fault at XF2

Fault at XF2 F2 DT3000 will provide restrain signal to M1 DT3000,
M2 DT3000 and TIE DT3000. The signal does not have
The F2 DT3000 will restrain M1 DT3000 and M2 an affect on the TIE DT3000 since the TIE breaker is
DT3000. The restrain signal does not have an affect already open and not carrying any current. The F2
on M1 DT3000 since the breaker M1 is already open DT3000 clears the fault after the coordinated time
and is not carrying any current; F2 DT3000 will clear delay.
the fault. This will keep the M2 device from tripping
unless its coordinated protection time is exceeded. Fault at X2
Fault at X1 or X2 No restraining signal is transmitted to M2 DT3000. M2
clears the fault.
No restraining signal is given to M2 DT3000. The M2
DT3000 will clear the fault instantaneously. Fault at XS1 or at XS2
Fault at XS1 or XS2 Source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear
these faults
these faults. b) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Closed and M2
Closed
Scheme 2:
Fault at XF1
M-T-M ZSI, with a dedicated Digitrip provided on
Both sources will feed into this fault. F1 DT3000 will
Bus TIE, but without partial differential provide restrain signal to M1 DT3000, Bus TIE DT3000
and M2 DT3000. The Bus TIE DT3000 will also provide
restrain signal to M1 DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The F1
DT3000 will clear the fault after the coordinated time
delay.
Fault at XF2
Both sources will feed into this fault. F2 DT3000 will
provide restrain signal to M2 DT3000, Bus TIE DT3000
and M1 DT3000. The Bus TIE DT3000 will also provide
restrain signal to M1 DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The F2
DT3000 will clear the fault after the coordinated time
delay.
Fault at X1
Both sources will feed into this fault through M1, M2
and the closed TIE. The Bus TIE DT3000 will provide
a) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Open, M1 Closed, M2 restrain signal to M1 DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The
Closed Bus TIE will TRIP instantaneously because no restraint
signal will be sent from the DT3000s on F1 and F2.
Fault at XF1 The M1 will TRIP instantaneously after the restrain
F1 DT3000 will provide restrain signal to M1 DT3000, signal from the TIE is removed and will clear the fault.
M2 DT3000 and TIE DT3000. The signal does not have Service to Bus-2 will continue.
an affect on the TIE DT3000 since the TIE breaker is Fault at X2
already open and not carrying any current. The F1
DT3000 clears the fault after the coordinated time Both sources will feed into this fault through M1, M2
delay. and the closed TIE. The Bus TIE DT3000 will provide
restrain signal to M1 DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The
Fault at X1 Bus TIE will TRIP instantaneously because the restraint
No restraining signal is transmitted to M1 DT3000. M1 signal will not be sent from the DT3000s on F1 and F2.
clears the fault instantaneously. The M2 will TRIP instantaneously after the restrain

signal from the TIE is removed and will clear the fault. Fault at XF2
Service to Bus-1 will continue.
F2 DT3000 will restrain M2 DT3000, Bus TIE DT3000
Fault at XS1 and M1 DT3000. The restrain signal has no effect on
M1 DT3000 since the breaker M1 is already open and
Source 2 will feed into this fault via M2, Bus TIE and
is not carrying any current. . The F2 DT3000 will clear
M1. The Bus TIE DT3000 will restrain M1 and M2. Bus
the fault after the coordinated time delay.
TIE breaker will OPEN. The fault is ultimately cleared
by Source 1 upstream device. Service to Bus-2 will Fault at XF1
continue.
Fault at XS2 and M2 DT3000. The Bus TIE DT3000 will also restrain
M1 DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The restrain signals do
Source 1 will feed into this fault via M1, Bus TIE and
not have an affect on M1 DT3000 since the breaker M1
M2. The Bus TIE DT3000 will restrain M1 and M2. Bus
is already open and is not carrying any current. . The
TIE breaker will OPEN. The fault is ultimately cleared
F1 DT3000 will clear the fault after the coordinated time
by Source 2 upstream device. Service to Bus-1 will
delay.
continue.
Fault at X2
c) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Closed, M2
Open No restraining signal is transmitted to M2 DT3000. M2
clears the fault instantaneously.
Fault at XF1
Fault at X1
The DT3000 at F1 will restrain M1 DT3000, Bus TIE
DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The restraining signal will not Bus TIE DT3000 will provide restrain signal to M1
have an affect on the M2 DT3000 since the breaker M2 DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The restrain signal does not
is already open and is not carrying any current. The F1 have an affect on the M1 DT3000 since the breaker M1
DT3000 will clear the fault instantaneously. is already open and is not carrying any current. The
Bus TIE will TRIP to clear the fault instantaneously.
Fault at XF2
Service to Bus-2 will continue.
Fault at XS1 or XS2
and M1 DT3000. The Bus TIE DT3000 will also restrain
M1 DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The restrain signals will The source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear
not have an affect on the M2 DT3000 since the breaker these faults.
M2 is already open and is not carrying any current. The
F2 DT3000 will clear the fault instantaneously.
Fault at X1
No restraining signal is transmitted to M1 DT3000. M1
clears the fault.
Fault at X2
Bus TIE DT3000 will provide restrain signal to M1
DT3000 and M2 DT3000. The restrain signal will not
have an affect on M2 DT3000 since the breaker M2 is
already open and is not carrying any current. The Bus
TIE will TRIP instantaneously to clear the fault. Service
to Bus-1 will continue.
Fault at XS1 or XS2
these faults.
d) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Open, M2
Closed

Scheme 3: differential CT wiring, M2 DT3000 will not see the fault

current and will not pickup. (Notice that the current
M-T-M ZSI without a separate Digitrip on Bus flowing from Source 2 through M2 and Bus TIE will
TIE, but with partial differential balance out in the CT secondary circuit of the M2
DT3000). F1 DT3000 will restrain M1 DT3000 keeping
the M1 and TIE devices from being activated by the 86-
1 device. The F1 DT3000 will clear the fault after
coordinated time delay. Service to Bus-1 and Bus-2 will
not be affected.
Fault at X1
Both sources will feed into this fault. Because of partial
differential CT wiring, M2 DT3000 will not see the fault
flowing from Source 2 through M2 and Bus TIE will
balance out in the CT secondary circuit of the M2
DT3000). Also, no restrain signal is transmitted to M1
DT3000. The M1 DT3000 will see sum total of the two
sources. It will instantaneously open M1 and Bus TIE
via 86-1 to clear the fault. Service to Bus-2 will not be
affected.
a) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Open, M1 Closed, M2 Fault at XF2

Closed Both sources will feed into this fault. Because of partial
Fault at XF1 differential CT wiring, M1 DT3000 will not see the fault
F1 DT3000 will restrain M1 DT3000. The F1 DT3000 flowing from Source 1 through M1 and Bus TIE will
will clear the fault after the coordinated time delay. balance out in the CT secondary circuit of the M1
DT3000). F2 DT3000 will restrain M2 DT3000. The F2
Fault at X1 DT3000 will clear the fault after coordinated time delay.
No restrain signal transmitted to M1 DT3000. The M1 Service to Bus-1 and Bus-2 will not be affected.
DT3000 clears the fault by opening M1 via 86-1 Fault at X2
instantaneously.
Fault at XF2 differential CT wiring, M1 DT3000 will not see the fault
F2 DT3000 will restrain M2 DT3000. The F2 DT3000 current and will not pickup. (Notice that the current
will clear the fault after the coordinated time delay. flowing from Source 1 through M1 and Bus TIE will
Fault at X2 DT3000). Also, no restrain signal is transmitted to M2
No restrain signal transmitted to M2 DT3000. The M2 DT3000. The M2 DT3000 will see sum total of the two
DT3000 clears the fault by opening M2 and Bus TIE via sources. It will instantaneously open M2 and Bus TIE
86-2 instantaneously. via 86-2 to clear the fault. Service to Bus-1 will not be
affected.
Fault at XS1 or XS2
Fault at XS1 or XS2
these faults. The source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear
these faults.
b) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Closed and M2
Closed c) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Closed, M2
Open
Fault at XF1

Fault at XF1 Fault at XS1 or XS2

F1 DT3000 will restrain M1 DT3000. The F1 DT3000 The source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear
will clear the fault after the coordinated time delay. these faults.
Fault at XF2 Scheme 4:
M1 DT3000 will not see the fault current due to partial M-T-M ZSI with a separate Digitrip on Bus TIE
differential CT connections. M2 DT3000 will see this
fault current via Bus TIE CTs. However, it is restrained
and with partial differential
by F2 DT3000. The F2 DT3000 will clear the fault after
the coordinated time delay.
Fault at X1
No restrain signal is transmitted to M1 DT3000. It will
clear the fault instantaneously.
Fault at X2
M1 DT3000 will not see the fault current due to partial
differential CT connections. M2 DT3000 will see this
fault current via Bus TIE CTs. Also notice, there is no
restrain signal provided to M2 DT3000. It will clear the
fault by instantaneously opening Bus TIE via 86-2.
Fault at XS1 or XS2
these faults.
a) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Open, M1 Closed, M2
d) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Open, M2 Closed
Closed
Fault at XF1
Fault at XF2
F1 DT3000 will restrain M1 DT3000 and Bus TIE
F2 DT3000 will restrain M2 DT3000. The F2 DT3000 DT3000. The F1 DT3000 will clear the fault after the
will clear the fault after the coordinated time delay. coordinated time delay.
Fault at XF1 Fault at X1
M2 DT3000 will not see the fault current due to partial No restrain signal transmitted to M1 DT3000. The M1
differential CT connections. M1 DT3000 will see this DT3000 clears the fault instantaneously by opening M1
fault current via Bus TIE CTs. However, it is restrained via 86-1.
by F1 DT3000. The F1 DT3000 will clear the fault after
the coordinated time delay. Fault at XF2
Fault at X2 F2 DT3000 will restrain M2 DT3000 and Bus TIE
DT3000. The F2 DT3000 will clear the fault after the
No restrain signal is transmitted to M2 DT3000. It will coordinated time delay.
clear the fault instantaneously.
Fault at X2
Fault at X1
No restrain signal transmitted to M2 DT3000. The M2
M2 DT3000 will not see the fault current due to partial DT3000 clears the fault instantaneously by opening M2
differential CT connections. M1 DT3000 will see this via 86-2.
fault current via Bus TIE CTs. Also notice, there is no
restrain signal provided to M1 DT3000. It will clear the Fault at XS1 or XS2
fault by instantaneously opening Bus TIE via 86-1.

these faults. DT3000 will instantaneously open M2 and Bus TIE via
86-2 to clear the fault. The Bus TIE DT3000 may also
b) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Closed and M2 pickup at the same time and trip Bus TIE. Service to
Closed Bus-1 will not be affected.
Fault at XF1 Fault at XS1 or XS2
Both sources will feed into this fault. Because of partial The source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear
differential CT wiring, M2 DT3000 will not see the fault these faults.
flowing from Source 2 through M2 and Bus TIE will c) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Closed, M2
balance out in the CT secondary circuit of the M2 Open
DT3000). F1 DT3000 will restrain M1 DT3000 and Bus
TIE DT3000. The F1 DT3000 will clear the fault after Fault at XF1
the coordinated time delay. Service to Bus-1 and Bus-2 F1 DT3000 will restrain M1 DT3000 and Bus TIE
will not be affected. DT3000. The F1 DT3000 will clear the fault after the
Fault at X1 coordinated time delay.
Both sources will feed into this fault. Because of partial Fault at XF2
differential CT wiring, M2 DT3000 will not see the fault M1 DT3000 will not see the fault current due to partial
current and will not pickup. (Notice that the current differential CT connections. M2 DT3000 and Bus TIE
flowing from Source 2 through M2 and Bus TIE will DT3000 will see this fault current. However, both are
balance out in the CT secondary circuit of the M2 restrained by F2 DT3000. The F2 DT3000 will clear the
DT3000). Also, no restrain signal is transmitted to M1 fault.
DT3000 or Bus TIE DT3000. The M1 DT3000 will see
sum total of the two sources. The Bus TIE DT3000 will Fault at X1
see the current contribution from Source 2. The M1 No restrain signal is transmitted to M1 DT3000. It will
DT3000 will instantaneously open M1 and Bus TIE via clear the fault instantaneously.
86-1 to clear the fault. The Bus TIE DT3000 may also
pickup at the same time and trip Bus TIE. Service to Fault at X2
Bus-2 will not be affected.
M1 DT3000 will not see the fault current due to partial
Fault at XF2 differential CT connections. M2 DT3000 and Bus TIE
DT3000 will see this fault current. Also notice, a
Both sources will feed into this fault. Because of partial restrain signal is not provided to M2 DT3000 or Bus
differential CT wiring, M1 DT3000 will not see the fault TIE DT3000. The fault is cleared instantaneously by
current and will not pickup. (Notice that the current the action of either M2 DT3000 or Bus TIE DT3000.
flowing from Source 1 through M1 and Bus TIE will
balance out in the CT secondary circuit of the M1 Fault at XS1 or XS2
DT3000). F2 DT3000 will restrain M2 DT3000 and Bus
TIE DT3000. The F2 DT3000 will clear the fault after The source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear
the coordinated time delay. Service to Bus-1 and Bus-2 these faults.
will not be affected. d) Bus TIE Circuit Breaker Closed, M1 Open, M2
Fault at X2 Closed
Both sources will feed into this fault. Because of partial Fault at XF2
differential CT wiring, M1 DT3000 will not see the fault F2 DT3000 will restrain M2 DT3000 and Bus TIE
current and will not pickup. (Notice that the current DT3000. The F2 DT3000 will clear the fault after the
flowing from Source 1 through M1 and Bus TIE will coordinated time delay.
DT3000). Also, no restrain signal is transmitted to M2 Fault at XF1
DT3000 and Bus TIE DT3000. The M2 DT3000 will see M2 DT3000 will not see the fault current due to partial
sum total of the two sources. The Bus TIE DT3000 will differential CT connections. M1 DT3000 and Bus TIE
see the current contribution from Source 1. The M2 DT3000 will see this fault current. However, both are

restrained by F1 DT3000. The F1 DT3000 will clear the Summary

fault after the coordinated time delay.
Fault at X2 Scheme 1:
No restrain signal is transmitted to M2 DT3000. It will · Zone selective interlocking provides excellent coordi-
clear the fault instantaneously. nation for feeder faults.
Fault at X1 · When operating with the bus TIE breaker closed, this
M2 DT3000 will not see the fault current due to partial Scheme is unable to discriminate bus-1 faults from
differential CT connections. M1 DT3000 and Bus TIE bus-2 faults. Bus fault on either bus will result in total
DT3000 will see this fault current. Also notice, a outage.
restrain signal is not provided to M1 DT3000 or Bus Scheme 2:
TIE DT3000. The fault is cleared instantaneously by
the action of either Bus TIE DT3000 or M1 DT3000. · Zone selective interlocking provides excellent coordi-
nation for feeder faults. It discriminates bus-1 faults
Fault at XS1 or XS2 from bus-2 faults.
The source devices upstream of M1 and M2 must clear · When operating with both mains and bus TIE breaker
these faults. closed, bus faults are cleared by first opening of the
Scheme 5: bus TIE breaker and then the main breaker associated
with the faulted bus. The total clearing time for bus fault
Three Mains, Two Ties, with ZSI, with partial is slightly longer when compared to Scheme 3 or 4.
differential CT connections Scheme 3:
· Zone selective interlocking provides excellent coordi-
nation for feeder faults. It discriminates bus-1 faults
from bus-2 faults.
· When operating with both mains and bus TIE closed,
in case of a bus fault, the Digitrip unit associated with
the faulted bus sees the current contribution of Source
1 and Source 2. The unit detects the bus fault in a
shortest possible time, and isolates the faulted bus by
simultaneous tripping of the bus TIE and the associ-
ated main breaker.
Scheme 4:
· The performance of this Scheme is the same as
Scheme 3 above except it includes an additional
dedicated DT3000 unit in bus TIE circuit. The additional
In this scheme, feeders on each bus are grouped and DT3000 unit (and its associated set of CTs) provides
zone interlocked with the trip unit on the respective backup protection for both, the bus and feeder faults,
main breaker. The feeder DT3000 units clear the when operating with the Bus TIE closed.
feeder faults. In case of a bus fault, DT3000 on the
main breaker associated with the faulted bus will see Scheme 5:
the sum total of all sources. It will quickly energize its
lockout relay to isolate the fault by opening the associ- · In the case of three mains and two ties (and other ring
ated main and bus tie breaker(s). The main DT3000 bus configurations with more than two sources with bus
units on non-faulted bus will not see the fault current ties), zone selective interlocking, with partial differential
fed from its source due to differentially wired CT CT connections, provides excellent coordination for
connections. It is very complicated and difficult to zone feeder faults. It discriminates bus faults and quickly
interlock this system without the benefits of differen- isolates the faulty bus by opening main and bus tie
tially wired CT connections. breakers associated with the faulty bus.

· The bus faults are detected in the shortest possible

time and isolated by simultaneous tripping of the main
and bus tie breakers associated with the faulted bus.
· With multiple mains and bus ties, partial differential
CT connections allow use of zone selective interlock
feature of Digitrip units without complicated control
wiring.
As you can see, Scheme 3 has advantage over
Scheme 2 as far as total clearing time during a bus
fault when operating with both mains and bus tie
closed. Scheme 2 uses a dedicated DT3000 and 3 CTs
on bus TIE and 2 diodes in the ZSI wiring (1 for phase
ZSI and 1 for ground ZSI), whereas Scheme 3 uses 6
CTs on the bus TIE for partial differential wiring and two
lockout relays, 86-1 and 86-2. Eaton|Cutler-Hammer
recommends Scheme 3 over Scheme 2 because the
cost of hardware for both is about the same.
The additional dedicated DT3000 and set of CTs add
cost in Scheme 4, but provide a very important backup
protection for bus and feeder faults when operating
with Bus TIE breaker closed. Therefore, supply it if
customers ask for a separate DT3000 on the bus tie
circuit.

Eaton Corporation
Cutler-Hammer business unit
1000 Cherrington Parkway
Moon Township, PA 15108-4312
USA
www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com
Zone Interlocking Application Note

For additional information please call:
Power Management Products Center
1-800-809-2772 option 1 / option 1

Zone Interlocking

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ZONE INTERLOCKING APPLICATION

Application Note For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective 08/03

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 1

Page 2 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective Date: 08/03

Feeder Breaker Feeder Breaker

Tables one, two, and three show how much energy

Device Ir SHORT DELAY Time to Trip I2 t

Device Ir SHORT DELAY Time to Trip I2 t

Device Ir SHORT DELAY Time to Trip I2 t

Page 4 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective Date: 08/03

When 20 or more devices are connected in parallel

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 5

DEVICE DIGITRIP OPTIM DT3000 FP5000 GFR

Steering diodes are IN4004 or equivalent.

VR VRSM VR(RMS) IO IFSM TJ VF VF(AVG) IR IR(AVG)

Self-interlocking Jumper Table Six

CAUTION FP5000 Combined

Digitrip 810 Independent

Page 6 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective Date: 08/03

Figure 6 - DT 3000 Figure 7 - FP 5000

Figure eight is an example of devices that range from

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 7

This section shows what products have Zone Interlock-

Page 8 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective Date: 08/03

Phase Zone Interlock

Zone Out Phase Setting 10 cycles

Ground Zone Interlock

Zone Out Ground Setting 10 cycles

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 9

1.5 * 51P Pickup Phase Zone Interlock Pickup

51G Pickup Ground Zone Interlock Pickup

Page 10 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective Date: 08/03

Device SHORT LONG GF

Max Ground Irms >

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 11

Phase Zone Input

Max Phase Irms >

Ground Zone Input Set

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Digitrip 510 Digitrip 610

Digitrip 810 Digitrip 910

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 13

Max Phase Irms >

Max Ground Irms >

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Digitrip 520, 520M

Device SHORT LONG GF

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 15

Max Phase Irms >

Max Ground Irms >

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Digitrip 510 Digitrip 610

Digitrip 810 Digitrip 910

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 17

Max Phase Irms >

Max Ground Irms >

Page 18 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective Date: 08/03

Device SHORT LONG GF

Effective Date: 08/03 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Page 19

Max Phase Irms >

Max Ground Irms >

Page 20 For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com Effective Date: 08/03

Basic Distribution If a fault were to occur at C the 100 A breaker feeding