CALCULUS BC

REVIEW SHEET 3 ON SERIES

Work the following on notebook paper. Use your calculator only on 4(c), 10, 15, and 16.

find the radius and interval of convergence.

( −1) x 2 n+1
∞ n

1. Find the radius and interval of convergence of ∑ ( 2n ) !

n=0
________________________________________________________________________________
∞
x n +1
2. (a) Find the interval of convergence for f ( x ) = ∑ .
n = 0 ( n + 1)
2

(b) Write the first four nonzero terms and the general term for f ′ ( x ) , and find its
interval of convergence.

1
3. (a) Find a power series for f ( x ) = centered at x = 0. Write the first four
1 + x2
nonzero terms and the general term.
(b) Use your answer to (a) to find the first four nonzero terms and the general term for
g ( x ) = arctan x.
1
(c) Use your answer to (b) to approximate arctan , using RN ≤ 0.001. Justify your answer.
3
_____________________________________________________________________________
For problems 5 – 8, write the first four nonzero terms and the general term.
4. Maclaurin series for f ( x ) = sin x
3
( )
x
5. Power series for g ( x ) = centered at x = 0
1+ 2x
7. Suppose f ( x ) is approximated near x = 0 by a fifth-degree Taylor polynomial
P5 ( x ) = 2 x − 5 x3 + 4 x5 . Give the value of:
(a) f ′′ ( 0 ) (b) f ′′′ ( 0 ) (c) f ( ) ( 0 )
5

e x − e− x
11. Use power series to evaluate lim .
x→ 0 x

12. Use a Taylor series of degree 5 for sin x about x = 0 to estimate

1 sin x
∫ 0 x dx with an error less than 0.001. Justify your answer.
13. The function f has derivatives of all orders for all real numbers x. Assume
f ( 3) = − 5, f ′ ( 3) = 2, f ′′( 3) = − 7, f ′′′( 3) = 9.
(a) Write the third-degree Taylor polynomial for f about x = 3, and use it
to approximate f ( 2.6 ) .
(b) The fourth derivative of f satisfies the inequality f ( x ) ≤ 5 for all x in the
( 4)

closed interval [2.6, 3]. Use the Lagrange error bound on the approximation
to f ( 2.6 ) found in part (a) to explain whether or not f ( 2.6 ) can equal − 6.
(c) Write the fourth-degree Taylor polynomial, Q ( x ) , for g ( x ) = f ( x + 3)
2

about x = 0.
(d) Use your answer to (c) to determine whether g has a relative maximum, a
relative minimum, or neither at x = 0. Justify your answer.

14. The Taylor series about x = 4 for a certain function f converges to f ( x ) for
all x in the interval of convergence. The nth derivative of f at x = 4 is given by
( −1) n !
n

f ( 4) = n
( n)
for n ≥ 1 and f ( 4 ) = 2.
3 ( n + 1)
(a) Write the third-degree Taylor polynomial for f about x = 4.
(b) Find the radius of convergence.
(c) Use the series found in (a) to approximate f ( 5 ) with an error less than 0.02.

Review
3 2
15. Solve the equation y ' = x +2 xy when y(0)= 1. Ans: y = e x − 1 / 2
2
d  2t 1 − cos x  1 − cos 2t
16. Evaluate: ∫ dx  Ans:
dt  x t
0 

17. Find the slope of the tangent to the graph of x ln y + ex = y Ans: 1

1
18. The 4th-degree Taylor polynomial for y = e 4 x , centered at x = 0 Ans:
∞
xn
∑ n
n =0 n!( 4 )
∞ ln x
19. ∫0 dx Ans: diverges
x
Determine if the following series converge or diverge
∞
1. ∑n
n =1
2
Ans: D
∞
2n 2 −1
2. ∑
n =1 n + 1
2 Ans: D
∞
kn 2
3. ∑ , where k is a constant Ans: C
n =1 n!
∞
1
4. ∑ 2 Ans: C
n =1 n − 3
∞
1
5. ∑(−1)
n
Ans: C
n =1 ln n
Answers to Review Sheet 3 on Series
1. Radius: ∞ ; Interval: −∞ < x < ∞
2. Radius: 1; Interval: −1 ≤ x < 1
∞

3. (a) 1 − x + x − x + ... = ∑ ( −1) x

2 4 6 2n n

n=0
3 5 7∞ 2 n +1
x x x n x
(b) x − + − + ... = ∑ ( −1)
3 5 7 n=0 2n + 1
26
(c) or 0.321. Since the terms of the series are alternating in sign, decreasing in magnitude,
81
1
and having a limit of 0, the error is less than or equal to the third term, , which is less
1215
than 0.001.
6 n +3
x9 x15 x 21 ∞
n x
4. x 3
−
3!
+
5!
−
7!
+ ... = ∑
n=0
( − 1 )
( 2 n +1 )!
∞

5. x − 2 x + 4 x − 8 x + ... = ∑ ( −1) x
2 3 4 n+ 1 n

n=0

( x − 2) ( x − 2) ( x − 2) ( x − 2)
2 3 4 n
∞
6. − ( x − 2 ) − − − − ... = ∑ −
2 3 4 n =1 n
7. (a) 0 (b) − 30 (c) 480

14. (a) 2 − x − 4 + (
x − 4) ( x − 4)
2 3
8. a < 0, b > 0, c > 0 −
6 27 108
9. e3 (b) 3
(c) 1.870. Since f is a convergent alternating
5
10. series with terms that are decreasing in
4
11. 2 magnitude and having a limit of 0,
1 1
Error ≤ < or 0.02.
108 50
12. 0.946. Since the terms of the series are alternating in sign, decreasing in magnitude,
1
and having a limit of 0, the error is less than or equal to the fourth term, , which is
35, 280
less than 0.001.

13. (a) −5 + 2 ( x − 3) − (
7 x − 3) 9 ( x − 3)
2 3

+
2! 3!
P ( 2.6 ) ≈ − 6.456
(b) 0.005. −6.461 ≤ f ( 2.6) ≤ −6.451. Since – 6 does not lie in this interval, f ( 2.6 ) cannot
equal – 6.
7 x4
(c) Q ( x ) = −5 + 2x 2 −
2!
(d) g ′ ( 0 ) = 0 and g ′′( 0) = 4 so g has a relative minimum at x = 0.