Perundingan Subsidi Perikanan sebagai Komitmen

Sistem Perdagangan Multilateral (MTS)

Direktorat Perundingan Multilateral, Ditjen PPI

Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia

Jakarta, 8 September 2020

MENGAPA PERIKANAN PENTING? MENGAPA PERLU PENGATURAN
MENGENAI SUBSIDI PERIKANAN?
Tahun 2018, total produksi
perikanan tangkap global
Hampir 60% assessed stocks
mencapai 96,4 juta ton.
sudah tereksploitasi, dan hanya
34% ikan yang ditangkap pada
sustainable levels. (FAO 2020)
Tahun 2018 diperkirakan 59,5
juta orang terlibat di sektor
perikanan.
Kapitalisasi terhadap armada
penangkapan ikan global yang
berlebihan.
Tahun 2018, sekitar 88% dari
179 juta ton (total produksi
ikan) dikonsumsi langsung oleh
manusia. Subsidi telah berkontribusi
terhadap terjadinya kapasitas
penangkapan ikan yang
berlebihan serta
Ikan sangat penting bagi
mengakibatkan menipisnya
katahanan pangan nasional,
stok ikan.
regional dan dunia.

Tahun 2018 diperkirakan subsidi

Tingkat pertumbuhan tahunan
untuk industri perikanan
rata-rata dari total konsumsi
mencapai USD 35,4 miliar. USD
ikan meningkat sekitar 3,1%.
22,2 miliar di antaranya dalam
bentuk peningkatan kapasitas.
(Sumaila, 2019)
HUKUM/ATURAN INTERNASIONAL TERKAIT
(THE LAW OF THE SEA AND FISHERIES)

The United Nations convention on

the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and
Relevant Implementing Agreements

The United Nations Food and

Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Regional Agreement
including Regional
Fisheries Management
Organisations (RFMOs)

The subsidy rules are expected to strengthen these existing arrangements by providing
an enforceable prohibition against the provision of any financial support by WTO
members to IUU Fishing activities
PERKEMBANGAN PERUNDINGAN DI WTO

2001 | Doha Mandate

Mandate of FS:
“…Participant shall also aim to clarify and improve WTO disciplines on fisheries
subsidies, taking into account the importance of this sector to developing countries”
(Para 28)

2005 | Hong Kong Mandate

“…strengthen disciplines on subsidies in the fisheries sector, including through the
prohibition of certain forms of fisheries subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and
over-fishing…”

“…Appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and
least-developed Members should be integral part of the fisheries subsidies
negotiations…”

2007 | Chair of the NGR

➢ Draf pertama negosiasi. diajukan oleh Ketua NGR pada 30 November.
➢ Memiliki serangkaian aturan subsidi yang dilarang dan daftar pengecualian
umum.
PERKEMBANGAN PERUNDINGAN DI WTO

2010 - 2015
Merosotnya minat sejumlah Negara Anggota di Doha Round (Putaran Doha) terhadap
negosiasi subsidi perikanan, membuat isu ini kehilangan momen.

2015 | UN SDG target 14.6

“by 2020 prohibit certain forms of subsidies which contribute to overcapacity and
overfishing, eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated
fishing and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing that appropriate
and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed
countries should be integral part of the WTO fisheries subsidies negotiation”

2017 | Buenos Aires Mandate (KTM 11)

“Members agree to continue to engage
constructively in the fisheries subsidies negotiations, with a view to adopting, by the
Ministerial Conference in 2019, an agreement on comprehensive and effective
disciplines that prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies that contribute to
overcapacity and overfishing, and eliminate subsidies that contribute to IUU-fishing
recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for
developing country Members and least developed country Members should be an
integral part of these negotiations”

“ Members re-commit to implementation of existing notification obligations under

Article 25.3 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures thus
strengthening transparency with respect to fisheries subsidies”
PERUNDINGAN PASCA KTM KE-11

Akhir 2018 2019-2020

PROSES FASILITATOR
DOKUMEN FASILITATOR

DRAFT CONSOLIDATED
TEXT CHAIR
KEPENTINGAN DAN PROPOSAL INDONESIA

Indonesia’s Proposal
(TN/RL/GEN/189/Rev.1 dated 13 July 2019)

Kepentingan
Ofensif x Defensif
ISU ATAU PILAR UTAMA MEMAJUKAN PERUNDINGAN FS DI WTO

Scope & Definition IUUF

Overfished Overfishing &

Stock Overcapacity

While Members seem to agree broadly on

the Structure of IUU and Overfished Stock
Disciplines, discussions on Overfishing &
Overcapacity haven’t yet reached that
stage of maturity.
TANTANGAN PERUNDINGAN SUBSIDI PERIKANAN

COVID-19 Crisis

Waktu yang terbatas

Divergence of Developed vs Developing Countries

Penyelesaian beberapa isu Cross-cutting

REKOMENDASI

Update Posisi Indonesia terhadap

Perkembangan Perundingan

Posisi yang Fleksibel namun tetap

mempertahankan Red Line

Kajian menyeluruh terhadap Draft Teks Chair

Koordinasi intensif antar K/L dan PTRI

Jenewa
 SEKIAN
DAN
TERIMA
KASIH

Ditjenppi.kemendag.go.id

Jakarta, 8 September 2020