Diketahui :

Ditanya :

Metode Analitis

𝑑𝑉/𝑑𝑡=2000/(200−𝑡) ;𝑉(0)=0

Tahap 1 bentuk umum :

𝑑𝑉/𝑑𝑡+0=2000/(200−𝑡)

Tahap 2 :
P (𝑡)=0 Q (𝑡)=2000/(200−𝑡)
Tahap 4 : memmasukkan pers dan ke PUDP
dan menyelesaikan PUDP∫1▒𝑃 (𝑡) 𝑑 𝑡 Q (𝑡)

𝑉 𝑒0 = ∫1▒ 〖 2000/(200−𝑡) " " 〗∗ 𝑒 0 𝑑 𝑡

+c
𝑉 = ∫1▒ 〖 2000/(200−𝑡) " " 〗 𝑑 𝑡 + c

misal : u = 200-t
du/dt -1

𝑉 = ∫1▒ 〖 2000/𝑢 " " 〗−𝑑𝑢 + c

𝑉 =−2000∫1▒ 〖 1/𝑢 " " 〗 𝑑𝑢 + c

𝑉 =−2000 ln⁡𝑢 + c
maka :

𝑉 =−2000 ln⁡〖 (200−𝑡) 〗 + c

Tahap 5 : tentukan nilai c sesuai nilai V yg diketahui

saat 𝑉(0)=0 nilai t=0 maka :

V=0
𝑉 =−2000 ln⁡〖 (200−𝑡) 〗 + c
0 =−2000 ln⁡〖 (200−0) 〗 + c
0 =−2000 ln⁡200 + c
 0 =−2000 ln⁡200 + c
c = 10596.6
Tahap 6 : tentukan penyelesaian akhir

𝑽 =−𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐥𝐧⁡〖 (𝟐𝟎𝟎−𝒕) 〗 + 10596.6

m0 = 200 kg
F = 2000 N
f = 1 kg/s
t = 0 (berhenti)
h 10
Pers metode Runge-Kutta orde 4 untuk h=10
niali V saat t=20 mnt
Bandingkan nilai V hasil analitis dan metode Runge-Kutta

𝑑𝑉/𝑑𝑡=2000/(200−𝑡) ;𝑉(0)=0

𝑘1 =ℎ (2000/(200−𝑡𝑛))
𝑘2 =ℎ (2000/(200−(𝑡𝑛+0.5ℎ) ))
𝑘3 =ℎ (2000/(200−(𝑡𝑛+0.5ℎ) ))
𝑘4=ℎ (2000/(200−(𝑡𝑛+ℎ) ))
𝑉n+1=𝑉n+ [1/6 (𝑘1+2𝑘2+2𝑘3+𝑘4)]

No b
iterasi h tn Vn k1 k2 k3 k4
1 1 0 0 10.0000 10.0251 10.0251 10.0503
2 1 1 10.0251 10.0503 10.0756 10.0756 10.1010
3 1 2 20.1007 10.1010 10.1266 10.1266 10.1523
4 1 3 30.2273 10.1523 10.1781 10.1781 10.2041
5 1 4 40.4054 10.2041 10.2302 10.2302 10.2564
6 1 5 50.6356 10.2564 10.2828 10.2828 10.3093
7 1 6 60.9184 10.3093 10.3359 10.3359 10.3627
8 1 7 71.2544 10.3627 10.3896 10.3896 10.4167
9 1 8 81.6440 10.4167 10.4439 10.4439 10.4712
10 1 9 92.0879 10.4712 10.4987 10.4987 10.5263
11 1 10 102.5866 10.5263 10.5541 10.5541 10.5820
12 1 11 113.1407 10.5820 10.6101 10.6101 10.6383
13 1 12 123.7508 10.6383 10.6667 10.6667 10.6952
14 1 13 134.4175 10.6952 10.7239 10.7239 10.7527
15 1 14 145.1414 10.7527 10.7817 10.7817 10.8108
16 1 15 155.9231 10.8108 10.8401 10.8401 10.8696
17 1 16 166.7632 10.8696 10.8992 10.8992 10.9290
18 1 17 177.6624 10.9290 10.9589 10.9589 10.9890
 19 1 18 188.6214 10.9890 11.0193 11.0193 11.0497
20 1 19 199.6407 11.0497 11.0803 11.0803 11.1111
21 1 20 210.7210 11.1111 11.1421 11.1421 11.1732

Jadi, V(20) = 210.7210 m/menit dengan persen error sebesar 0.02%

 Metode Runge-Kutta

𝑽 =−𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐥𝐧⁡〖 (𝟐𝟎𝟎−𝒕𝒏) 〗 + 10596.6

No a
Vn+1 Vcari Error iterasi h tn Vn k1 k2
10.0251 -0.0347 1.0000 1 10 0 0 100.0000 102.5641
20.1007 9.9904 0.0035 2 10 10 102.5866 105.2632 108.1081
30.2273 20.0659 0.0017 3 10 20 210.7210 111.1111 114.2857
40.4054 30.1925 0.0012 4 10 30 325.0379 117.6471 121.2121
50.6356 40.3707 0.0009 5 10 40 446.2871 125.0000 129.0323
60.9184 50.6009 0.0007 6 10 50 575.3642 133.3333 137.9310
71.2544 60.8837 0.0006
81.6440 71.2196 0.0005 Jadi, V(50) = 575.3642 m/detikdengan persen error sebesar 0.01%
92.0879 81.6093 0.0004
102.5866 92.0531 0.0004
113.1407 102.5519 0.0003
123.7508 113.1060 0.0003
134.4175 123.7161 0.0003
145.1414 134.3828 0.0003
155.9231 145.1067 0.0002
166.7632 155.8883 0.0002
177.6624 166.7285 0.0002
188.6214 177.6277 0.0002
199.6407 188.5866 0.0002
210.7210 199.6059 0.0002
221.8631 210.6863 0.0002
) 〗 + 10596.6

No a
k3 k4 Vn+1 Vcari Error
102.5641 105.2632 102.5866 -0.0347 1.0000
108.1081 111.1111 210.7210 102.5519 0.0003
114.2857 117.6471 325.0379 210.6863 0.0002
121.2121 125.0000 446.2871 325.0031 0.0001
129.0323 133.3333 575.3642 446.2524 0.0001
137.9310 142.8571 713.3500 575.3294 0.0001

sebesar 0.01%
 Diketahui

Ditanya

Metode Analitis

𝑑𝐶𝑅/𝑑𝑡+𝑘2𝐶𝑅=𝑘1𝑒𝑡 ;𝐶𝑅0(0)=10 mol/L

Tahap 1 bentuk umum : 𝑑𝐶𝑅/𝑑𝑡+20𝐶𝑅=10𝑒

𝑡

𝑑𝐶𝑅/𝑑𝑡+𝐶𝑅∗20=10𝑒𝑡

Tahap 2 : P (𝑡)=20 Q (𝑡)=𝑒𝑡

Tahap 3 : ∫1▒𝑃 (𝑡) 𝑑 𝑡 =20𝑑𝑡

= 20t

∫1▒𝑃 (𝑡) 𝑑 𝑡 Q (𝑡)

Tahap 4 : memmasukkan pers dan ke PUDP
dan menyelesaikan PUDP
𝐶𝑅 e20𝑡 = ∫1▒ 〖 10𝑒𝑡 " " 〗∗ e20𝑡 𝑑 𝑡 + c

𝐶𝑅 e20𝑡 = ∫1▒ 〖 10𝑒21𝑡 " " 〗 𝑑 𝑡 + c

𝐶𝑅 e20𝑡 =10/21 𝑒21𝑡 " "+ c
1/(e20𝑡 )

𝐶𝑅 =10/21 𝑒𝑡 " "+ e^(−20t) c

Tahap 5 : tentukan nilai c sesuai nilai C R yg diketahui 9.52381

𝐶𝑅0(0)=10 mol/L
saat 𝐶𝑅0=10 mol/L nilai t=0 maka :
𝐶𝑅 =10/21 𝑒𝑡 " "+ e^(−20t) c

10 =10/21 𝑒0 " "+ e^(−20∗0) c

10 =10/21 + c
 10 =10/21 + c

c = 9.5238

Tahap 6 : tentukan penyelesaian akhir

𝐶𝑅 =10/21 𝑒𝑡 " "+ 9.5238e^(−20t)

𝑪𝑹 =𝟎.𝟒𝟕𝟔𝟐 𝒆𝒕 " "+ 9.5238𝐞^(−𝟐𝟎𝐭)

:
𝑑𝐶𝑅/𝑑𝑡+𝑘2𝐶𝑅=𝑘1𝑒𝑡 ;𝐶𝑅0(0)=10 mol/L

k1 = 10
k2 = 20
CR0 = 10
h = 0.5
: a) PU umum pers diferensial linear orde 1
b) Tentukan CR saat t= 10 mnt menggunakan Runge-Kutta orde 4
c) Bandingkan nilai CR dari hasil analitis dan metode Runge-Kutta

𝑑𝐶𝑅/𝑑𝑡+𝑘2𝐶𝑅=𝑘1𝑒𝑡 ;𝐶𝑅0(0)=10 mol/L

𝑑𝐶𝑅/𝑑𝑡=𝑘1𝑒𝑡 - 𝑘2𝐶𝑅

𝑑𝐶𝑅/𝑑𝑡=10𝑒𝑡 - 20𝐶𝑅

𝑘1 =ℎ (10𝑒𝑡𝑛−20𝐶𝑅n)
𝑘2 =ℎ [(10(e^(tn+0.5h)))−(20(𝐶𝑅n+0.5𝑘1))]
𝑘3 =ℎ [(10(e^(tn+0.5h)))−(20(𝐶𝑅n+0.5𝑘2))]
𝑘4 =ℎ [(10(e^(tn+h) )−(20(𝐶𝑅n+𝑘3))]
𝐶𝑅n+1=𝐶𝑅n+ [1/6 (𝑘1+2𝑘2+2𝑘3+𝑘4)]

iterasi h tn
1 0.5 0
2 0.5 0.5
3 0.5 1
4 0.5 1.5
5 0.5 2
6 0.5 2.5
7 0.5 3
8 0.5 3.5
9 0.5 4
10 0.5 4.5
11 0.5 5
12 0.5 5.5
13 0.5 6
14 0.5 6.5
15 0.5 7
16 0.5 7.5
17 0.5 8
 18 0.5 8.5
19 0.5 9
20 0.5 9.5
21 0.5 10

Jadi, CR(10) = 1.8067*10^50 mol/L dengan persen error sebesar1.7225*10^44%

;𝐶𝑅0(0)=10 mol/L

mol/L

erensial linear orde 1

= 10 mnt menggunakan Runge-Kutta orde 4
R dari hasil analitis dan metode Runge-Kutta

Runge-Kutta Ord

𝐶𝑅0(0)=10 mol/L 𝑪𝑹 =𝟎.𝟒𝟕𝟔𝟐 𝒆𝒕𝒏 " "+ 9.5238𝐞^(−𝟐𝟎𝐭) 𝐧

0𝐶𝑅n)
n+0.5h)))−(20(𝐶𝑅n+0.5𝑘1))]
0.5h)))−(20(𝐶𝑅n+0.5𝑘2))]
n+h) )−(20(𝐶𝑅n+𝑘3))]
𝐶𝑅n+1=𝐶𝑅n+ [1/6 (𝑘1+2𝑘2+2𝑘3+𝑘4)]

CRn k1 k2
10 -95.0000 381.4201
2773.5880 -27727.6363 110912.8865
8.0689E+05 -8.0689E+06 3.2276E+07
2.3480E+08 -2.3480E+09 9.3922E+09
6.8328E+10 -6.8328E+11 2.7331E+12
1.9883E+13 -1.9883E+14 7.9534E+14
5.7861E+15 -5.7861E+16 2.3144E+17
1.6838E+18 -1.6838E+19 6.7350E+19
4.8997E+20 -4.8997E+21 1.9599E+22
1.4258E+23 -1.4258E+24 5.7033E+24
4.1491E+25 -4.1491E+26 1.6597E+27
1.2074E+28 -1.2074E+29 4.8296E+29
3.5135E+30 -3.5135E+31 1.4054E+32
1.0224E+33 -1.0224E+34 4.0897E+34
2.9753E+35 -2.9753E+36 1.1901E+37
8.6581E+37 -8.6581E+38 3.4632E+39
2.5195E+40 -2.5195E+41 1.0078E+42
 7.3318E+42 -7.3318E+43 2.9327E+44
2.1335E+45 -2.1335E+46 8.5342E+46
6.2086E+47 -6.2086E+48 2.4834E+49
1.8067E+50 -1.8067E+51 7.2268E+51

*10^50 mol/L dengan persen error sebesar1.7225*10^44%

Runge-Kutta Orde 4

k3 k4 CRn+1 CRcari
-2000.6805 19915.0487 2773.5880 10.0000
-582289.7273 5795174.9845 806889.1991 0.7856
-1.6945E+08 1.6864E+09 2.3480E+08 1.2944
-4.9309E+10 4.9074E+11 6.8328E+10 2.1342
-1.4349E+13 1.4281E+14 1.9883E+13 3.5187
-4.1755E+15 4.1556E+16 5.7861E+15 5.8013
-1.2151E+18 1.2093E+19 1.6838E+18 9.5647
-3.5359E+20 3.5190E+21 4.8997E+20 15.7696
-1.0289E+23 1.0240E+24 1.4258E+23 25.9996
-2.9942E+25 2.9800E+26 4.1491E+25 42.8662
-8.7132E+27 8.6717E+28 1.2074E+28 70.6743
-2.5355E+30 2.5235E+31 3.5135E+30 116.5223
-7.3784E+32 7.3433E+33 1.0224E+33 192.1128
-2.1471E+35 2.1369E+36 2.9753E+35 316.7404
-6.2481E+37 6.2184E+38 8.6581E+37 522.2167
-1.8182E+40 1.8095E+41 2.5195E+40 860.9898
-5.2910E+42 5.2658E+43 7.3318E+42 1419.5322
-1.5397E+45 1.5323E+46 2.1335E+45 2340.4129
-4.4804E+47 4.4591E+48 6.2086E+47 3858.6886
-1.3038E+50 1.2976E+51 1.8067E+50 6361.9019
-3.7941E+52 3.7760E+53 5.2575E+52 ###
Error
0.0000
3529.7438
6.2335E+05
1.1002E+08
1.9419E+10
3.4274E+12
6.0494E+14
1.0677E+17
1.8845E+19
3.3262E+21
5.8708E+23
1.0362E+26
1.8289E+28
3.2280E+30
5.6974E+32
1.0056E+35
1.7749E+37
3.1327E+39
5.5292E+41
9.7590E+43
1.7225E+46