P.M.I.

S
Topic-1
June/July-08
1. State the factor affecting the selection of plant layout.
Ans. The factor affecting the selection of plant layout are as following:-
 Materials:-
When it is said that the materials influences the plant
layout, what is meant is that there is a need to provide for the storage
and movement of the raw material in a plant until they are converted
into the finished products. Every factory should buy raw materials,
that is, whether the raw materials are liquid or solid, light or heavy,
small or larger; economically when they are available, i.e., during the
scarcity, seasonal variation and market condition; they should be
stored properly and moved through the production centers efficiently
for manual or mechanical operations or chemical processing. The
storage and movement of raw materials require properly placed
storage rooms and materials movement or handling equipment. By
this materials also influences the plant layout.

 Product:-
A layout is designed with the ultimate purpose of
producing a product. The type of product - that is, whether the product
is heavy or light, big or small, solid or liquid – and its position in
relation to the plant location influences the layout. In a majority of the
cases, the product moves from work station to work station. In some
cases, as in the manufacture of locomotive and in ship building, the
product is stationary; but the machinery and men are moved to the
product. Thus the position of the product in relation to the other
factors of production deserves the consideration in planning the layout
of the plant. The sales demand also exercises some influences on the
plant layout.

 Worker:-
The layout designer should also consider the type, position
and requirements of employees. If women workers are employed, the
 layout must be planned after keeping in mind their particular
requirements. The position of employees, that is, whether they remain
stationary or moving, also influences the layout. Employee facilities
such as health, locker rooms, public facilities and related services also
influence the layout significantly.

 Machinery:-
The type of product, the volume of its production, the type
of process and management policy determines the size and type of the
machinery to be installed which, in turn, influences the plant layout.
Production is the combination and manipulation of men, materials and
machines. Before laying out a plant, it is necessary to determine
which of these elements are to be stationary or fixed as to location in
the plant and which will be mobile during the process of production.

2. State the function of production management. (Same as 4).

Nov-06
Repeated Question: - (1)
3. Explain the importance of systems approach to production
management.
October/Novmeber-02
4. Define production management. List important areas of it. State the
function of any one area.
Ans.
 Production Management:-
It refers to the application of management principles to the
production function in a factory. In other words, production management
involves application of planning, organizing, directing and controlling to the
production process.
 The important areas of it are as follows:
i. Improving the volume of production.
ii. Reducing the rejection rate.
iii. Minimizing re-work rate.
iv. Maintaining the delivery schedules.
v. Controlling the idle machine and manpower hours.
vi. Establishing/updating/improving/setting industrial
engineering norms.
vii. Updating processes and procedures.
viii. Maintaining accuracy and timelines of MIS.
 ix. Decreasing machine set-up time.
x. Controlling overtime.
xi. Good house-keeping.
xii. Checking absenteeism, thefts/pilferage and misconduct.
xiii. Eliminating the accidents.
xiv. Effective grievance – handling.
xv.Efficient training and team building.
xvi. Minimizing inventory and achieving better yields.
xvii. Enhancing the customer satisfaction.
xviii. Total Quality Management (TQM).
xix. Business Process Re-engineering (BPRE).
xx. Automation.

5. Compare the batch production and mass production.

Ans.
Batch Production/ Unit Production Mass Production
a). In this type, the product is a). In this type of production, the
produces in the same batches. production is continues throughout.
b). Same type of product is repeated b). Once the machine is set-up, there
for many time in the industries. is no need to adjust it for a long time
period.
c). If the design of product or c). Once the production instruction is
measurement will change there will given, the work is going straight and
be accordingly changes in set-up and systematically.
instruction.
d). As per time variation, lots of d). Raw material storage is
changes implement in machine and compulsory in this type of
method. production otherwise production will
stop.
e). The new product will be dispatch e).Examples: Electronic industry,
in the market within certain batches. watch industry, Bearing industry,
Electrical goods industry.
f). Examples: medicine industry, f).Apart from this process industry is
shoes industry, furniture, also a type of Mass Production. It
Automobiles, Imitation item. also includes chemical and food
products such as cement, sugar, food
products, fertilizer, petrochemicals.
 6. State the application of job shop production. Also state its merits and
demerits.
Ans.
Number of jobs produced: 01 to 05 only.
 In this production method, a production is as per the customer order.
 At the time period there will be variety in the product.
 As per customer order specification, set up and instruction will be
changed.
 No requirement of stock storage in this type of production.
 Production is done as per customer order.
 Examples: ship building, casting industries, aircraft industries,
machine tool manufacturing, process industry equipment.
• Advantages:
a) Getting more information regarding new technology.
b) No requirement of inventory control so the cost is reducing.
c) Skill of worker is increasing.
• Disadvantages:
a) There are lots of difficulties due to not awareness about new
technology
b) A special skilled worker is required.
c) For every new product a worker has to give special training.

7. Differentiate between data and information. Also state various types

of data.
8. State and explain features of DBMS.

Topis-2
June/July-08
9. State the type of time series analysis. Explain ay one in brief.
10. State the various methods to fit a trend line in forecasting. Explain
any one.
11.The past date about sales of an item are as follows:
Months Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 April-05 May-05 June-05
Sales 25 28 16 19 21 23
Volume
(in lacs)
 i. If 3 months moving average is used to forecast the next
month’s demand, calculate the forecast of sales in the month of
July-05.
ii. Calculate a weighted three months moving average for the
month of July-05, where the weights are 0.5 for the least
month, 0.3 and 0.2 for the other months respectively.
Ans. a). Three months simple moving average:
D April + DMay + D June
Fnextmonth =
3
19 + 21 + 23
Fnextmonth =
3
63
Fnextmonth =
3
Fnextmonth = 21

b).Three months weighted moving average:

Fnextmonth = ( 0.5) ⋅ D June + (0.3) ⋅ DMay + ( 0.2) ⋅ D April
Fnextmonth = ( 0.5 × 23 ) + (0.3 × 21 ) + ( 0.2 × 19 )
Fnextmonth = 21 .6

Nov-06
12.Explain ‘noise’ in demand. Explain independent verses dependent
demand.
Ans.
 Independent Demand:
Demand for a material that is independent of the demands for
other materials. For example, demands for end products are independent
of demand for parts, raw material or components as their demands are
determined, by customers outside the organization.
 Dependent Demand:
Demand for a raw material, part or a component, that is
dependent on the demand doe the end product in which these materials
are used.

13.Explain ‘Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD)’ and ‘Bias’ with respect to

forecasting error.
Ans.
 Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD):-
A forecast error measure that is the average
forecast error without regard to direction, calculated as the
 sum of absolute value of forecast error for all periods divided
by the total number of periods evaluated.
For each period (l), you find the difference between
the forecasted demand and the actual demand. If your forecast
was perfect actual demand equals the forecasted demand, and
the forecast error is zero. As forecasting continues, the forecast
error is recorded and accumulated, period by period.
Notice that MAD is an average of the absolute value
of forecast error; errors are measured without regard to sign
Mad expresses the magnitude but not the direction
error. This measure of absolute values is called absolute
deviation.
 BIAS:-
A forecast error measure that is the average of
forecast error with regard to direction and shows any tendency
consistently to over or under forecast; calculated as the sum of
actual forecast error for all periods divided by the total
number of periods evaluated.
Unlike MAD, BIAS indicates the directional
tendency of forecast errors. If fewer forecasts repeatedly
overestimate actual demand BIAS will have a positive value
consistent under estimates will be indicated by a negative
value.
14.With suitable illustration, explain computer aided inventory system.
October/Novmeber-02
15.The past data about the absenteeism of workers in machine shop are
as under:
Months Aug.- Sept.- Oct.- Nov.- Dec.- Jan.- Feb.- Mar.-
01 01 01 01 01 02 02 02
Numbers 18 24 32 35 31 27 21 20
of
workers
remained
absent
i. If three month moving average is used to forecast the next
month’s absenteeism. Calculate the forecast of absenteeism in
the month of April-02.
 ii. Calculate a weighted three moving average for April-02,
where the weights are 0.55 for the least month, 0.35 and 0.10
for other months respectively.
iii. Compare the simple moving average and weighted moving
average methods.
Ans. a).Three month moving average:
D Jan + DFeb + DMarch
Fnextmonth =
3
27 + 21 + 20
Fnextmonth =
3
68
Fnextmonth =
3
Fnextmonth = 22.67

b). Three month weighted moving average:

F nextmonth = (0.55 × D Jan ) + (0.35 × D Feb ) + (0.10 × D March )
F nextmonth = (0.55 × 27 ) + (0.35 × 21) + (0.10 × 20)
F nextmonth = 24.20

16.Acme engineering is planning to set a new work shop for the

following 6 jobs. The details of required machining hours and other
information are produced in the following table:
Job Machining hours/Job Quantity per
Center CNC Drilling Grinding year
lathe Lathe
A 0.50 0.50 0.10 0.80 2000
B 0.60 - 0.50 0.20 800
C 0.10 0.60 - - 6000
D 0.80 1.20 0.50 0.50 500
E 1.00 - - 0.20 200
F 0.30 0.10 0.60 - 100
Assume following data:
i. Utilization factor for each machine = 0.85
ii. Average efficiency of output on each machine = 0.80
iii. Number of hours which can be scheduled for each machine
is 6000 per year.
Estimate the number of machine of each type.
Ans.
Job Center CNC lathe Drilling Grinding Quantit
lathe machine machine y per
year
A = 2000 ×0.5 = 2000 ×0.5 = 2000 ×0.10 = 2000 ×0.80 2000
= 1000 = 1000 = 200 =1600

B = 800 ×0.6 - = 800 ×0.50 = 800 ×0.20 800

= 480 = 400 = 160

C = 6000 ×0.10 = 6000 ×0.60 - - 6000

= 600 = 3600

D = 500 ×0.80 = 500 ×1.20 = 500 ×0.50 = 500 ×0.50 500

= 400 = 600 = 250 = 250

E = 200 ×0.10 - - = 200 ×0.20 200

= 200 = 40

F =100 ×0.30 =100 ×0.10 =100 ×0.60 - 100

= 30 =10 = 60

Total 2710 5210 910 2050 -

Hour
s

 Actual machining hours for Center Lathe:

2710
=
(0.85 × 0.80)
= 3985.29
≅ 3986hrs

• No. of Center Lathe:

3986
=
6000
= 0.66
≅1
  Actual machining hours for CNC Lathe:
5210
=
( 0.85 ×0.80 )
= 7661 .76
≅ 7662 hrs

• No. of CNC Lathe:

7662
=
6000
=1.277
≅2

 Actual machining hours for Drilling machine:

910
=
( 0.85 ×0.80 )
=1338 .24
≅1339

• No. of Drilling Machine:

1339
=
6000
= 0.22
≅1

 Actual machining hours for Grinding machine:

2050
=
( 0.85 ×0.80 )
= 3014 .71
≅ 3015

• No. of Grinding Machine:

3015
=
6000
= 0.50
≅1

Topis-3
June/July-08
17.State the goals of Aggregate Production Planning. Also how the
interrelations of aggregate production planning with major activities
of production systems.
18.M/s. Pankaj Engineering is planning to establish a new workshop for
its following additional five jobs. The details of required machining
hours and other information are given in the table below:
Job Machining hours Quantity
Capstan Boring Radial Surface Univers per year
Lathe M/c drill grinder al
milling
M/c
A 0.4 0.6 - - 0.4 1100
B 0.3 - 0.7 - 0.3 550
C 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 - 750
D - - 0.4 0.3 0.5 450
E 0.7 0.6 - 0.4 - 600
Take following data:
i. Utilization factor for each machine is 0.8
ii. Average efficiency of output on each = 0.75
iii. Number of hours which can be scheduled on each machine
is 4800 per year.
Estimate the number of machine required of each type.

Ans.
Jo Machining hours/job Quantit
b Capstan Bring m/c Radial Surface Universal y per
Lathe Drill Grinder milling year
m/c
A = 1100 × 0.4 = 1100 × 0.6 - - =1100 ×0.4 1100
= 440
= 440 = 660
B = 550 × 0. 3 - = 550 ×0.7 - = 550 ×0.3 550
= 165 = 385 = 165
C = 750 ×0.5 = 750 ×0.3 = 750 ×0.4 = 750 ×0.4 - 750
= 375 = 225 = 300 = 300
D - - = 450 ×0.4 = 450 × 0.3 = 450 × 0.5 450
=180
= 135 = 225
E = 600 ×0.7 = 600 ×0.6 - = 600 ×0.4 - 600
= 420 = 360 = 240
T 1400 1245 865 675 830 -
ot
al
h
o
ur
s

 Actual machining hours for Capstan Lathe:

1400
=
( 0.8 ×0.75 )
= 2333 .33
≅ 2334

• No. of Capstan Lathe:

2334
=
4800
= 0.49
≅1

 Actual machining hours for Boring Machine:

1245
=
( 0.8 × 0.75)
= 2075

• No. of Boring machine:

2075
=
4800
= 0.43
≅1

 Actual machining hours for Radial drill:

865
=
( 0.8 ×0.75 )
=1441 .67
≅1442

• No. of Radial drill:

1442
=
4800
= 0.30
≅1

 Actual machining hours for Surface grinder:

 675
=
( 0.8 ×0.75 )
=1125

• No. of surface grinder:

1125
=
4800
= 0.23
≅1

 Actual machining hours for Universal milling machine:

830
=
( 0.8 ×0.75 )
=1383 .33
≅1384

• No. of universal milling m/c:

1384
=
4800
= 0.28
≅1

Nov-06
19. M/s. Reynolds Pen Industries manufactures gold plate ball point
pens. The company wants to make an accurate demand forecast
based on the following information:
Month Number of pens
Forecasting Sales Actual Sales
January 760 800
February 750 780
March 760 700
April 760 700
May 900 820
June 1060 1300
July 1020 1030
August 890 870
September 920 1200
October 950 980
November 1020 980
December 1500 1700
 Forecast the demand for next month, based on the above
information, using.
a) Three month simple moving average.
b) Six month simple moving average.
c) Four month weighted moving average using weights of 0.1, 0.2,
0.3 and 0.4 for the month of December, October and
September respectively.
d) Exponential smoothing using ∝ =0.4

Ans. a).Three months simple average:

DCct + D Nov + D Dec
Fnextmonth =
3
980 + 980 + 1700
Fnextmonth =
3
3600
Fnextmonth =
3
Fnextmonth = 1220

b). Six months simple moving average:

D July + D Aug + DSept + DOct + D Nov + D Dec
Fnextmonth =
6
1030 + 870 + 1200 + 980 + 980 + 1700
Fnextmonth =
6
6760
Fnextmonth =
6
Fnextmonth = 1126 .7
Fnextmonth ≅ 1127

c). Four month moving average:

Fnextmonth = (0.1) ⋅ D Dec + ( 0.2) ⋅ D Nov + (0.3) ⋅ DOct + (0.4) ⋅ DSept
Fnextmonth = (0.1 × 1700) + (0.2 × 980) + (0.3 × 980) + (0.4 × 1200)
Fnextmonth = 1140
d). Exponential Smoothing:
Fnextmonth =∝( D Dec ) + (1− ∝)( FDec )
Fnextmonth = 0.4(1700 ) + (1 − 0.4)(1500 )
Fnextmonth = 1580

October/Novmeber-02
20.Unique engineering has 8 jobs on hand today. Job consists milling
and drilling operations. The time estimates for the job are as follows.
(in minutes)
Job 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Milling 35 15 35 10 12 10 16 8
Drilling 15 55 65 15 18 20 22 5
Sequence them so as to complete all the jobs in minimum time.
Calculate this minimum time. Johnson’s rule is to be used for this
case.

Ans.
In M/c-1 and M/c-2 minimum time for Job 8 for M/c-2 so taken Job 8
last.
8

Compare the other than Job 8 minimum time for Job 4 for M/c-1 so taken
Job 4 in first.
4 8

Compare the other than Job 4 minimum time for Job 6 for M/c-1 so taken
Job 6 at second position.
4 6 8

Compare the other than Job 6 minimum time for Job 5 for M/c-1 so take
Job 5 at third position.
4 6 5 8

Compare the other than Job 5 minimum time for Job 2 for M/c-1 so take
Job 2 at third position.
4 6 5 2 8

Compare the other than Job 2 minimum time for Job 1 for M/c-2 so take
Job 1 at second last.
4 6 5 2 1 8

Compare the other than Job 1 minimum time for Job 7 for M/c-1 so take
Job 7 at third position and Job 3 at fourth position.
4 6 5 2 7 3 1 8
 Job Milling Drilling
4 10 15
6 10 20
5 12 18
2 15 55
7 16 22
3 35 65
1 35 15
8 8 5
Total 141 215

Job Milling Drilling Idle time on Idle time on

Time Time Time Time milling drilling
in out in out
00 00
4 00 10 10 25 00-00=00 10-00=10
6 10 20 25 45 10-10=00 25-25=00
5 20 32 45 63 20-20=00 45-45=00
2 32 47 63 118 32-32=00 63-63=00
7 47 63 118 140 47-47=00 118-118=00
3 63 98 140 205 63-63=00 140-140=00
1 98 133 205 220 98-98=00 205-205=00
8 133 141 220 215 133-133=00 220-220=00
Total 141 215 00 10

Milling operation time = 141hours

Drilling operation time = 215hours
Total time = 215hours
Idle processing time on milling = 00hours
Idle processing time on drilling = 10 hours

OR
Job waiting to be processed at grinding shop today is as follow.
Job A B C D E F G
Time 6 10 25 11 9 6 9
remaining
for due
date of
job (days)
Time 8 12 20 10 8 8 10
needed to
complete
the job
(days)
Sequence the jobs at grinding shop based on minimum critical ratio.

21.Write brief note on Master production schedule (MPS).

Ans.
This is the schedule of the quantity and timing of all end
products to be produced over a specific planning horizon. MPS is
developed from customer’s firm orders or from forecast of demand or
both. It is an input of the MRP system.
The MPS specifies what end products are to be produced and
when. The planning horizon should be long enough to cover the
cumulative lead times of all components must be purchased or
manufactured to meet the end product requirements.

22.How material requirement planning (MRP) is useful in production

management.

23.Explain Manufacturing resource planning (MRP II).

Ans.
When the capabilities of closed-loop MRP (Material
Requirement Planning) are extended to integrate financial, accounting,
personnel, engineering and marketing information along with the
production planning and control activities of the basic MRP system, the
resulting broad-based resource-coordination system is known as
manufacturing resource planning or MRP-II. It is the heart of the
corporate management information system for many companies, as it
provides information about inventory investment levels, plant expansion
needs, and work-force requirements, which is useful for coordinating
marketing, financial, engineering and manufacturing efforts to achieve
the company’s overall business plans.
The projection of what materials and components will be
purchased and when, can be used to develop purchase commitments and
a projected purchasing budget. The labour hours projected in the capacity
requirement plan for each work center can be aggregated to develop
 personnel needs and labour budgets. The projected on-hand inventory of
material ca be used to develop inventory budgets.

24.State scheduling techniques. Explain any one.

Topis-4
June/July-08
25. State the function of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Also state
the advantage of ERP.
OR
Describe critical Ratio scheduling with a suitable example.
26. Write a brief note on Master Production schedule. (Same as 21)
OR
Discuss the usefulness of Material Requirement Planning in
production management. (Same as 22)
27.M/s. Pankaj Industries have six jobs on hand; job consists mainly of
turning and grinding operations. The time estimates for jobs in
minutes are as follows:
Jobs 1 2 3 4 5 6
Operation
Turning 26 19 16 29 30 49
Grinding 10 19 09 24 17 33
Arrange all jobs in a sequence so as to finish them in a minimum
possible time. Calculate the minimum time using Johnson’s rule.

Ans.
In m/c-1 and m/c-2 minimum time for 3 for m/c-2 take Job3 last.
3

Compare the other than Job3 minimum time for Job1 for m/c-2 so
taken Job1 second last.
1 3

Compare the other than Job1 minimum time for Job5 for m/c-2 so
taken Job5 third last.
5 1 3

Compare the other than Job5 minimum time for Job2 for m/c-1 so
taken Job2 first.
 2 5 1 3

Compare the other than Job2 minimum time for Job4 for m/c-2 so
taken Job4 at third position and Job 6 at second position.
2 6 4 5 1 3

Job Turning Grinding

2 19 19
6 49 33
4 29 24
5 30 17
1 26 10
3 16 09
Total 169 112

Job m/c-1 m/c-2 Idle time on Idle time on

(turning) (grinding) milling drilling
Time Time Time Time
in out in out
00 00
2 00 19 19 38 0-0=0 19-0=19
6 19 68 38 71 19-19=0 38-38=0
4 68 97 71 95 68-68=0 71-71=0
5 97 127 95 112 97-97=0 95-95=0
1 127 153 112 122 127-127=0 112-112=0
3 153 122 153-153=0 122-122=0
Total 169 112 00 19

Turning operation time = 169hrs

Grinding operation time = 112hrs
Total time = 169hrs
Turning idle time = 00hrs
Grinding idle time = 19hrs

Nov-06
28. State the goals of Aggregate Production Planning.
Or
 Explain the strategies of Aggregate Production Planning.
29. Explain the meaning and method of Capacity Requirement Planning
(CRP), taking a suitable case example. Also state importance of CRP.
October/Novmeber-02
30.M/s. Sona enterprise is a bearing dealer. They deal almost for 100
types and sizes of bearings. They have following data with them. The
management is interested to have balance stock, inventory, and
profit online.
i. Type of bearing (for e.g., ball, needle, roller, etc.....)
ii. Code (Maximum 10 digits, alpha-numeric).
iii. Stock.
iv. Receipts.
v. Sales.
vi. Purchase price of each bearing.
vii. Sales price of each bearing.
Prepare following:-
a) List user input fields, its type, and width.
b) Data model using bubble chart and tree structure.
c) System design consideration.
d) Steps to design system.
Assume (1). Any one database software.
(2). Balance stock = Stock + Receipts – Sales
(3). Inventory = Balance stock of each item x purchase price
of each.
(4). Profit = (Sales price of each item – purchase price of
each item) x quantity sold of each item.

Topis-5
June/July-08
31.Difference between data and information with suitable example.
32.List the application software available for RDBMS. State the
features and system requirements for any ONE.
OR
Explain bubble chart.
33.Define DBMS. Explain its importance in Production Management.
OR
List the objectives of database organization. What are the benefits of
database organization?
 34.In toolcrib of M/s. Deepti Enterprise, the database of tool issues is
required to be maintained. Following information is available.
i. Name of tool.
ii. Code of tool (assume 10 digit code)
iii. Date of issue.
iv. Date of receipts back of tool.
v. Tool issued to operator (use 6 digit code for operator number)
Prepare the database for the following:
a) List the user input fields, its type and width.
b) System design consideration.
c) Steps in system design (assume any one suitable database
software).
d) Retrieval for the following query:
1) A specific tool issued to whom?
2) Which tool is with a specific operator?
3) Number of days an operator has kept the tool.
Ans.
SQL> Create table assembly(Compo varchar2 (30),Code_compo
number,issue_date date,assembly_date date, fitter_number number(6))
If any error occurs then use the below command
SQL>Ed (and then modify the error)
SQL>/
Table Created
SQL>select* from assembly;
No rows selected.
SQL> insert into assembly(Compo,
Code_compo,issue_date,assembly_date,fitter_number)values(‘gear’,101,
’07-may-2009’,’12-may-2009’,1001);
SQL> Select fitter_number,compo from assembly where compo=’gear’;

Nov-06
35. State the advantages and limitations of Material Requirement
Planning (MRP).
36.Outline the purposes of MRP and explain how an MRP system can
achieve these purposes.
37.Explain the role of Master Production schedule and how it relates to
the other elements of an MRP system.
38.MRP-II as an integrated system of planning and control: explain.
October/Novmeber-02
Repeated Question: 32 (or)
39.Write the short note on Fitting trendline methods.
40.Write the short note on Production Plans.
41. Write the short note on Communication Protocols.
Ans.
The term protocols refer to the set of procedures that must be
followed so that the communicating agent can perform their exchange in an
orderly manner. The protocol comprises the set of rules for operating a data
communication system.
A well-defined protocol is essential for data exchanges. The two
common types of protocols are:-
The polling techniques, such as token passing;
The collisions detect technique, such as carrier sense multiple access
collision detect.
42.Write the short note on Information flow in capacity requirement
planning.
43.Write the short note on Factors influencing productivity and quality
their effects and way to improve.

Topis-6
June/July-08
Repeated Question: 41
44.Explain the importance of a well managed information system in
improving productivity.
45.Explain Decision Support System (DDS) in brief.
Ans.
DDS is component of MIS (Management Information System).
Decision Support System that may help managers extracts essential data
from other systems and then apply data analysis and decisions procedures to
the retrieved data to make unstructured decisions is another MIS component.
DDS often uses mathematical or graphical analysis software to
help managers deal with questions that can’t be answered by the reports
produced by operational/tactical support systems.
46.Explain the features of any information system with a suitable
example.
Nov-06
47.Sonal Auto Products Ltd. has five jobs that are to be processed
though two machines sequentially. The processing time for these jobs
 at both the machines 1 and 2 are given below. What sequence of jobs
will minimize both total completion time and idle processing time?
Job timings for two machines:
Job Machine - 1 Machine - 2
A 2 4
B 7 8
C 5 6
D 6 7
E 3 3

Ans.
In m/c-1 and m/c-2 minimum time for Job A for m/c-1 so taken Job A first.
A

Compare other than Job A. Minimum time for Job E for m/c-2 so take Job E
last.
A E

Compare other than above Jobs Job C minimum time for m/c-1 so takes it on
second.
A C E

Compare other than above Jobs. Job D has minimum time on m/c-1 so take
Job D on number 3 position and Job B on number 4 positions.
A C D B E

Job M/c-1 M/c-2

A 2 4
C 6 6
D 5 7
B 7 8
E 5 3
Total 25 28

Job M/c-1 M/c-2 Idle time on Idle time on

Time Time Time Time M/c-1 M/c-2
in out in out
00 00
 A 00 02 02 06 0-0=00 02-00=02
C 02 07 06 12 02-02=00 06-06=00
D 07 13 12 19 07-07=00 12-12=00
B 13 20 19 27 13-13=00 19-19=00
E 20 25 27 30 20-20=00 27-27=00
Total 25 30 00 02

Now M/c-1 processing time = 25hours

M/c-2 processing time = 30hours
Total completion time = 30hours
Idle processing time for m/c-1 = 00hours
Idle processing time for m/c-2 = 02hours

48.M/s. Seema enterprise is a well known management consultant who

specializes in developing management information systems for
production facilities. Currently, M/s. Seema enterprise has 6 data
processing jobs, each of which requires flow charting and writing of
the actual computer program. Seema enterprise wants to complete
the jobs within 36 hours. Given the following processing times.
Job Flow Charting Time Program Writing
(hrs.) Time (hrs.)
A 9 1
B 8 3
C 5 4
D 7 11
E 6 8
F 2 9
Use Johnson’s method to determine whether M/s. Seema enterprise
can meet 36 hours processing time.

Ans.
In flow chart and program writing minimum time for Job A for program
writing so take Job A last.
A

Compare the other than Job A minimum time for Job F for flow chart s
take Job F first.
F A
 Compare the other than Job F minimum time for Job B for program
writing so take Job B in second last.
F B A

Compare the other than Job B minimum time for Job C for program
writing so take Job C in third last.
F C B A

Compare the other than Job C minimum time for Job E for flow chart so
take Job E in second position and Job D in third position.
F E D C B A

Job Flow charting time Program writing Time

(hrs.) (hrs.)
F 2 9
E 6 8
D 7 11
C 5 4
B 8 3
A 9 1
Total 37 36

Job Flow charting Program Idle time in Idle time in

time writing time flow chart program
Start Ending Start Ending writing.
time time time time
00 00
F 00 02 02 11 00-00=00 02-00=02
E 02 08 11 19 02-02=00 11-11=00
D 08 15 19 30 08-08=00 19-19=00
C 15 20 30 34 15-15=00 30-30=00
B 20 28 34 37 20-20=00 34-34=00
A 28 37 37 38 28-28=00 37-37=00
Total 37 38 00 02

Now flow charting processing time = 37hours.

Program writing processing time = 38hours.
Total completion time = 38hours
Idle processing time in flow chart = 00hours.
 Idle processing time in program writing = 02hours.

Topis-7
October/Novmeber-02
Repeated Question: 32, 33, 34
49.Define RDBMS and list the software of RDBMS.

Topis-8
October/Novmeber-02
Repeated Question: 41, 45
50. Differentiate between data and information. State the various types
of data.
51. Communication media: short note.