Assessment tools / Concept Maps - A Summative assessments - to evaluate different depend on cognitive level, need

diagramming technique for assessing how well students
see the "big picture". / ConcepTests - Conceptual
multiple-choice questions that are useful in large
classes. / Knowledge Survey - Students answer
whether they could answer a survey of course content
questions. / Exams - Find tips on how to make exams
better assessment instruments. / Oral Presentations -
Tips for evaluating student presentations. / Poster
Presentations -Tips for evaluating poster presentations.
/ Peer Review - Having students assess themselves and
each other. / Portfolios - A collection of evidence to
demonstrate mastery of a given set of concepts. /
Rubrics - A set of evaluation criteria based on learning
goals and student performance. / Written Reports -
Tips for assessing written reports. / Other
Assessment Types Includes concept sketches, case
studies, seminar-style courses, mathematical thinking
and performance assessments.
NRT (Norm)- Comparing between student
and student at the same level / Broad, cover
many topic / More variability / Items that are
“too easy” or “too hard” are limited / Each
individual is compared with other
examinees and assigned a score / To rank
each student with respect to the
achievement of others in broad areas of
knowledge. / Measures broad skill areas
sampled from a variety of textbooks, syllabi,
and the judgments of curriculum experts.
CRT (Criterion)- Comparing between
students and any standard of mastery /
Student function of mastery level / Narrow,
covers a few sub. / Variability maybe limited
/ Emphasis in placed on identifying the
domain responses / Each individual is
compared with a preset standard for
acceptable achievement. The performance
of other examinees is irrelevant. /To
determine whether each student has
achieved specific skills or concepts./
Measures specific skills which make up a
designated curriculum. These skills are
identified by teachers and curriculum
experts
What are the purposes of evaluating
pupils? - Improving instructional materials /
Improving student learning / Determine
content mastery / Establishing criteria or
standard of performance for the course /
Teaching / Grading pupils / Pupils
placement / Conducting research on
teaching methods
Purpose of UPSR – Placement / Grading /
Determine student achievement
the effectiveness of instructional programs -
at the end of an academic year - to
determine if students have mastered
specific competencies - to identify
instructional areas that need additional
attention.
Differences UPSR and PEKA
UPSR – centralized/summative/science
knowledge&scientific skills/ national
examination taken by all students in
Malaysia at the end of their sixth year in
primary school before they leave for
secondary school/ prepared and examined
by the Malaysian Examinations Syndicate
(Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia)/5 subject
for S.K/7 subject for S.J.K
PEKA – school based/formative/scientific
skills, attitude and noble values/based on
the evaluation in PEKA books/focused on
quality/measure student level mastery on a
certain element/conducted continuously
through T&L, include practical/student
evaluated individually/student need to
conduct practical and write report/student
level of mastery is assessed according to
certain criteria/minimum level must be
mastered by a student
Validity - validity means that the concept
being examined really is what is being
assessed. / Content validity= ensure how
far an examination covers the scope of
study that will be tested./ Forecast
validity= accuracy of a test to predict the
real ability of a pupil to carry out certain in a
different situation in the future.
Concurrent validity=achievement
individuals in a test that matches their
achievement in another valid test. / Group
validity= valid characteristic that is
inherent in a test that is used to measure
trait, behavior or man’s mental state.
Reliability- is the consistency of your
measurement, or the degree to which an
instrument measures the same way each
time it is used under the same condition
with the same subjects. - In short, it is the
repeatability of your measurement - A
measure is considered reliable if a person's
score on the same test given twice is
similar.
more time to construct = less time to
construct, no enhance the writing skills =
enhance the writing skills.
Benefits of using Open-Ended
Questions - Facilitates enhanced levels of
cooperation and understanding / Provides
the opportunity for others to express
themselves more openly and honestly /
Encourages others to provide information
including their ideas, concerns & feelings /
Assists in creating a positive learning and
sharing experience / Allows others to share
what is present for them / Shows respect
and interest in others / Encourages others to
flow with their thoughts and feelings &
allows you to support this flow /
Demonstrates your willingness to invest
time with others
What is school-based assessment? -
School-based assessment is assessment
which is managed by the school according
to the unit assessment outline which is
developed by the school from the
assessment table in the course syllabus. /
School-based assessment includes tests,
essays, examinations, reports, exhibitions,
performances, presentations,
demonstrations and other work including
various forms of product or performance.
Why is an assessment outline needed?
- Provides clarity for students about the
nature of the school based assessments (i.e.
what and when it will be assessed) and their
relative weightings / enables teachers to
demonstrate they have addressed the
syllabus assessment requirements /
/
provides a framework for ensuring
of
comparability of assessment / provides
comprehensive, credible, information upon
which decisions can be made about student
performance / it will reduce the stresses and
pressures associated with formal public
examinations / it will be conducted
continually throughout the school year on a
modular or topical basis / it will facilitate
and enhance teachers' (assessors) and
students' learning interactions / it is holistic
and includes a psychometric test / it will
promote creative and critical thinking.

Formative assessments -are on-going Different of objective and subjective

assessments, reviews, and observations in a question./= high objectivity=low
classroom. - to improve instructional objectivity, high reliability= low reliability,
methods and student can be prepared to all cognitive level=