ABSTRAK

UJI EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% KULIT BATANG SALAM (Syzygium

polyanthum (Wight) Walp) TERHADAP KADAR LDL DAN HDL PADA
TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) GALUR WISTAR YANG DIBERI
PAKAN TINGGI LEMAK DAN DIINDUKSI TRITON X-100

Yoga Nuswantoro, EM Sutrisna

Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Latar Belakang : Kulit batang salam memiliki kandungan saponin, tannin,

quercetin dan niasin yang berefek terhadap penurunan kadar LDL dan
peningkatan kadar HDL.

Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol 70% kulit batang salam (Syzygium
polyanthum) terhadap kadar LDL dan HDL darah.

Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorium dengan

metode pre and post test with control group design. Objek penelitian 25 ekor tikus
putih jantan, Rattus Novergicus, berat badan 150-200 gram, berumur 3-4 bulan
yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok dengan teknik simple random sampling, kontrol
negatif (aquadest), kontrol positif (Simvastatin 0,2mg/200gramBB/hari),
kelompok perlakuan dosis I (0,36 gram/ 200gramBB/ hari), dosis II (0,72 gram/
200gramBB/ hari), dosis III (1,44 gram/ 200gramBB/ hari). Kadar LDL dan HDL
diukur sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Penelitian dilakukan selama 15 hari
kemudian data dianalisa menggunakan uji paired t test dan one-way ANOVA
dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD Test.

Hasil : Ekstrak etanol 70% kulit batang salam dosis I (0,36 gram/ 200gramBB/
hari), dosis II (0,72 gram/ 200gramBB/ hari), dosis III (1,44 gram/ 200gramBB/
hari) dapat menurunkan kadar LDL darah dengan rerata penurunan secara
berturut-turut adalah 40,3mg/dl, 25,5mg/dl, 15,8mg/dl. Dosis tersebut juga
mampu menaikkah kadar HDL dengan rerata kadar HDL adalah 27,9mg/dl,
29,2mg/dl, 29,4mg/dl. Pada uji statistik menggunakan one-way ANOVA kadar
LDL menunjukkan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), sehingga terdapat perbedaan
signifikan kadar LDL darah tikus putih antar kelompok. Sedangkan HDL nilai
p<0,05 sehingga terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok.

Kesimpulan : Ekstrak etanol 70% kulit batang salam dapat menurunkan kadar
LDL dan meningkatkan kadar HDL darah tikus putih. Pada dosis III
1,44gram/200gramBB memiliki efek yang setara dengan simvastatin
0,2mg/200gramBB.

Kata kunci : Ekstrak Kulit Batang Salam, LDL, HDL

 ABSTRACT
THE EFFECT OF 70% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SALAM BARK (Syzygium
polyanthum (Wight) Walp) TOWARD LDL AND HDL LEVELS IN WHITE
RATS (Rattus Novergicus) SUPPLEMENTED WITH HYPERLIPID FOODS
AND INDUCED BY TRITON X-100

Yoga Nuswantoro, EM Sutrisna

Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah Surakarta University

Background : Salam bark contain saponin, tannin, quercetin and niacin effect on
decreased levels of LDL and increase HDL levels.

Objective : Determine the effect of 70% ethanol extract of salam bark (Syzygium
polyanthum (Wight) Walp) toward LDL and HDL levels.

Methods : This study was a laboratory experimental methods with a pre and post
test with control group design. The animal that used were 25 male white rats
(Rattus novergicus), body weight 150-200 grams, aged 3-4 months, and divided
into 5 groups with simple random sampling. The groups were negative control
(aquadest), positive control (simvastatin 0,2 mg/200 grams BW/day), dose I (0,36
grams/200 grams BW/day), dose II (0,72 grams/200 grams BW/day) and dose III
(1,44 grams/200 grams BW/day). LDL and HDL levels were measured before and
after applying treatment. This study was done for 15 days and data were analyzed
with paired t-test and one-way ANOVA test followed by LSD test.

Results : The 70% ethanol extract of salam bark dose I (0,36 grams/200 grams
BW/day), dose II (0,72 grams/200 grams BW/day) and dose III (1,44 grams/200
grams BW/day) could reduce blood LDL levels with a mean reduction of 40,3
mg/dl, 25,5 mg/dl and 15,8 mg/dl, respectively. That dose also increase the HDL
levels with mean of 27,9mg/dl, 29,2mg/dl and 29,4 mg/dl. Statistical analysis of
LDL levels using one-way ANOVA showed p value of 0,000 (p<0,05), which
determines a significant difference of LDL levels among each group. The HDL
showed p<0,05 which determines significant difference among each group.

Conclusion : The 70% ethanol extract of salam bark are effective on reducing
LDL and increasing HDL levels in white rats blood. Dose III 1,44
gram/200gramBB has same effect with simvastatin 0,2mg/200gramBB.

Keywords : Salam Bark Extract, LDL, HDL