A B C D

3 0 4 5
NOMER 2

Diketahui,
Q 0.75 t/m 0.7 0.05
h1 5.40 t/m 5 0.4 0
ɣ tanah 1.84 t/m 1.8 0.04
ō kayu 100 kg/cm2
Ɵ 30 (sudut geser dalam tanah)

karena tanah datar, maka β = 0 ,Ҩ = 0 ,α = 0

Penyeleseian

Ka = tan2(45° - Ɵ/2) Kp = tan2(45°+Ɵ/2) =

Ka = 0.33 Kp = 3.00 =

TEKANAN TANAH

Pa1 = q.Ka.H
1.35 + 0.25 t

Pa2 = 1/2.H².ɣtnh.Ka
0.50 ( 5.40 +t)² x 1.84 x 0.33
0.50 x 29.16 + 5.40 t +
8.94 + 3.31 t + 0.31 t²

Pp = 1/2.t².ɣ.Kp
= 0.50 x t² x 1.84 x 3.00
= 2.76 t²

MENENTUKAN KEDALAMAN TURAP

a = (0,3 s.d 0,45) H

a = 0.4 x ( 5.40 m + t
= 2.16 + 0.4 t

GAYA & MOMEN AKIBAT TEKANAN TANAH AKTIF

NO. Ea (kN) Len

1 1.35 + 0.25 t 1 (
2
0.54

2 8.94 + 3.31 t + 0.31 t² 2 (

3
1.44

GAYA & MOMEN AKIBAT TEKANAN TANAH PASIF

NO. Ea (kN) Len

1 2.76 t² ( h1

3.24 m

Dalam kondisi seimbang ∑ M Total = ∑ M aktif - ∑M Pasif = 0

∑M total = 13.61 + 7.42 t +

MENENTUKAN PROFIL TURAP

Profil Larsen
∑M total = 13.61 + 7.42 t +

Letak Momen maksimum dapat diperoleh dengan mendefinisikan persamaan momen

total diatas terhadap x

d ∑ M total = 0
dx
-0.654 t³ + -7.593 t² + 7.42

-1.963 t² + -15.19 t + 7.42

atau 1.9627 t² + 15.185 t + -7.42
dengan menggunakan rumus ABC,maka dapat difaktorkan sebagai berikut

x1,2 = -b ± √ b² - 4ac
2a
x1,2 = -1.963 ± √ 1.9627 ² - 4
2x
x1 = 1.5081 m
x2 = -2.508 m

maka ∑ Mtotal = 5.2893 ton.m

mencari dimensi turap

δt = Mtotal ‫ۺ‬ = 1
‫ۺ‬ 6

digunakan dimensi ‫ۺ‬ = 1

b = 0.4 6
h = 0.8
‫ۺ‬ = 2
3

δt = 5.2893
2/3 x 0.064

δt = 124

δt = 12.397 < 100 kg/cm²

 1/Ka

3.00

+ t² x 0.61

2.70

)
 Lengan terhadap A(m) Momen terhadap A kNm

h1 + t ) - a 0.73 + 0.27 t

+ 0.1 t

h1 + t ) - a 12.88 + 7.15 t

+ 0.267 t

∑M aktif 13.61 + 7.42 t

Lengan terhadap A(m) Momen terhadap A kNm

- a ) + 2/3 t 8.94 t² + 0.74

+ 0.27 t

∑M aktif 8.94 t² + 0.74

-7.593 t² + -0.654 t³ = 0
-1.446336 = 0

t = 1.800
jadi panjang turap = 5.40 m + 1.8
= 7.20 m

-7.593 t² + -0.654 t³

t + 13.61
x 1.963 x -7.42 -1.962667 + √
1.963 3.925333

-1.962667 + √ 62.13478
3.925333

-1.962667 7.882562
3.925333

-1.962667 - √
b . h² dimana h = 2b 3.925333

-1.962667 - √ 62.13478
b . (2b)² 3.925333

-1.962667 7.882562
b³ 3.925333

(AMAN)
n terhadap A kNm

+ 0.03 t²

+ 1.32 t² + 0.08 t³

+ 1.35 t² + 0.08 t³

n terhadap A kNm

t³

t³
 3.85206 - -58.28272

5.919895
3.925333 1.508125

3.85206 - -58.28272

-9.845229
3.925333 -2.508125
Diketahui,

P1 855 kN 0.6 soal 850 5

P2 235 kN 0.4 c 200 30 5
ɣt 19 kN/m3 1 ad 1
ɣc 27 kN/m3
σ tanah 180 kN/m2

Ditanyakan :
Rencanakan Denah dan Ukuran pondasi

Penyelesaian,

∑p = p1 + p2
= 855 + 235
= 1090 kN

∑m = p2 * 0,6
= 235 * 0.6
= 141 kN

eksentritas,

e = ∑m/∑p
= 141
1090
= 0.129 m

σ netto = 180 - yt x 0,c - y x 0,ad

= 180 - 19 x 0.4 - 27 x 1
= 145 kN/m2

Luas alas pondasi yang dibutuhkan

A = ∑p / σ netto
= 1090
145 kN/m2
= 7.49656

di coba ukuran 2.8 x 2.90 m2 .......... A = 8.12 m2

Jarak tepi kiri ke as kolom = 2.90 m2 - e = 1.32 m
2
Jarak tepi kanan ke as kolom = 2.90 m2 + e = 1.58 m
2

1.321 di bulatkan menjadi 1.4 m

1.579 di bulatkan menjadi 1.6 m
3.0 m (Salah)

Sehingga, ukuran perlu diubah menjadi 2.8 x 3.00 m2 .......... A = 8.40 m2

Eksentrisitas baru menjadi
e1 = e - ( bx - 1.4 )
2
 = 0.1294 - 1.5 - 1.4
= -0.029 m

Beban total (termasuk tanah + plat)

∑p = 855 + 235 + 19 x 0.4 x ( 2.8 x 3 ) + 27 x 1 x ( 2.8 x 3 )

= 1381 kN

σ max = ∑p 1+ 6. e1
A bx

= 1380.64 1+ -0.18
8.40 3.00

= 164.362 ( 1 + -0.059 )

= 154.7 kN/m2 < σ tanah

σ min = 164.362 ( 1 - -0.059 )

= 174.01 kN/m2 > 0

3045

a b c d
NOMER 1 3 0 4 5

H1 = 4.40 m 4 0 0.4
H2 = 5.34 m 5 0.3 0.04
H3 = 3.45 m 3 0.4 0.05
H4 = 2.30 m 2 0.3 0
Q = 7.45 kN/m3 7 0.4 0.05
P = 94.50 kN 9 0 4 0.5
ɣ1 = 19.04 kN/m3 19 0 0.04
ɣ2 = 17.35 kN/m3 17 0.3 0.05
ɣ Pas = 24.00 kN/m3
ɣ Tanah = 175.00 kN/m3
ɣ' = 7.21 kN/m3
ɣw = 10
β = 15 15
Ɵ1 = 28
Ɵ2 = 30
α = 90
α' = 0
cos β = 0.9659
tan β = 0.2679
tan Ɵ2 = 0.5774
δ = 0 (karena dinding licin)

ō tarik = 500.00 kN/m2

A. MENENTUKAN DIMENSI PONDASI

Dimana :

i = 0,3 ~ h/12
j = h/8 ~ h/6 H = H1 + H2
k = (0,5 ~ 1 ) j = 9.74
l = ( 0,47 ~ 0,70 ) h

Maka, Digunakan,
i = 0.30 ~ 0.81 ≠ 0.81
j = 1.22 ~ 1.62 ≠ 1.62
k = 0.61 ~ 1.62 ≠ 1.62
l = 4.58 ~ 6.82 ≠ 6.82

B. KOEFESIEN TEKAN TANAH

Teori BLUMN
karena α' 0 dan δ 0 maka,

cos² (α'+Ɵ)
Ka =
√
sin (Ɵ+δ) sin (Ɵ-β)
cos² α ( 1
+ cos (δ-α ) cos (α+β)
)²
cos² (α'-Ɵ)
Kp =
√
sin (Ɵ-δ) sin (Ɵ+β)
cos² α ( 1
- cos (δ-α ) cos (α+β)
)²

Maka,
0.779596451735373
Ka1 =
√
0.105608123033148
1 ( 1
+ 1.00 )²

0.7796
= = 0.4403
1.7706

0.779596451735373
Kp1 =
√
0.320178835915956
1 ( 1
- 1.00 )²

0.7796
= = 4.3311
0.1800
 0.75
Ka2 =
√
0.12940952255126
1 ( 1
+ 1.00 )²

0.7500
= = 0.4019
1.8660

0.75
Kp2 =
√
0.353553390593274
1 ( 1
- 1.00 )²

0.7500
= = 4.8069
0.1560

C. DIAGRAM TEKANAN TANAH

B. Merata a. q.ka1 3.28

tanah b. h1.ɣ1.ka1 36.89
B. Terpusat c. P.√ ka1 62.70
B. merata d. (q+(ɣ1.h1)).ka2 36.67
tanah e. h2.ɣ2.ka2 37.24
air f. h2.ɣw 53.40
air g. (h3+h4).ɣw 57.50
tanah h. h4.ɣ'.kp2 79.71

D. RESULTAN GAYA HORIZONTAL

Gaya Jarak terhadap A = Y MH (Gaya.Y)

Ea1 = (q.ka1).H1 14.433 1/2.H1+H2 7.54 108.822
Ea2 = 1/2.(h1.ɣ1.ka1).H1 81.148 1/3.H1+H2 6.81 552.351
Ea3 = 1/2(P.√ ka1).h1 137.951 1/3.H1+H2 6.81 938.984
Ea4 = ((q+(ɣ1.h1)).ka2).h2 195.796 1/2.H2 2.67 522.775
Ea5 = 1/2(h2.ɣ2.ka2).h2 99.425 1/3.H2 1.78 176.977
Ea6 = 1/2(h2.ɣw)h2 142.578 1/3.H2 1.78 253.789
Ep1 = 1/2((h3+h4).ɣw)+(h3+h4)) -165.313 1/3.(H3+H4) 1.92 -316.849
Ep2 = 1/2(h4.ɣ'.kp2).h4 -91.670 1/3.H4 0.77 -70.281
∑H = 414.348 ∑MH = 2166.568

D. RESULTAN GAYA VERTIKAL

r = l - (i+2.k) 2.76 a. = r = 2.76

s = h1+h2-j 8.12 b. = s = 8.12
t = h4-j 0.68 c. = d. a/b = 1.40
d. = h3 + h4 - j = 4.13
e. = f. c/d = 0.23
f. = t = 0.68
g. = c-e = 1.17
h. = d-f = 3.45

Gaya Jarak terhadap A = X MH (Gaya.X)

p = 94.5 94.50 i+k 2.435 230.108
G1 = k.h1.ɣ1 136.00 1/2.k 0.812 110.384
G2 = k.(h2-j).ɣ2 104.68 1/2.k 0.812 84.965
G3 = i.s.ɣpas 158.11 1/2.i+k 2.029 320.837
G4 = 1/2.s.r.ɣpas 268.79 1/3.r+i+k 3.355 901.766
G5 = 1/2.g.h.ɣv 20.23 (r-e-1/3.g)+i+k 4.574 92.543
G6 = 1/2.e.f.ɣtnh 13.62 (r-1/3.e)+i+k 5.118 69.716
G7 = (k+e).h3.ɣw 63.94 (0,5(k+e)-e)+r+i+k 5.891 376.703
G8 = t.k.ɣtnh 192.23 0,5.k.r.i.k 6.006 1154.596
G9 = L.j.ɣpas 265.63 0,5.L 3.409 905.530
∑v= 1,317.74 ∑Mv = 4247.148

∑M Total
x =
∑V

2166.568 + 4247.148
=
=
1317.737

= 4.867
 F. KESTABILAN TERHADAP GAYA EKSTERNAL

b. Terhadap guling
M tahan ∑Mv
=
M guling ∑Mh

4247.148
=
2166.568

= 1.960 > 1.5 (AMAN)

b. Terhadap guling
∑v. Tan 2/3Ɵ2 1317.737 x 0.364
=
∑h 414.348

479.617
=
414.348

= 1.158 < 1.5 (AMAN)

0.469472 0.224951
1 0.965926
0.105608 0.109334
0.965926 0.330656
1.330656
1.77065

0.469472 0.681998
1 0.965926
0.320179 0.331474
0.965926 0.575737
-0.424263
0.18000
0.5 0.258819
1 0.965926
0.12941 0.133975
0.965926 0.366025
1.366025
1.86603

0.5 0.707107
1 0.965926
0.353553 0.366025
0.965926 0.605
-0.395
0.15602

2080.580