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Today: A Qualitative Survey of the Images in Women's Magazines.London: Social Affairs Unit [see Redfern below for a critique] Archer, D, B Iritani, D Kimes & M Barrios (1983) 'Face-Ism-- 5 Studies of Sex- Differences in Facial Prominence', Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45(4): 725-35 Barthel, Diane (1992): 'When Men put on Appearances: Advertising and the Social Construction of Masculinity", in Craig op.cit. Benwell, Bethan (Ed) (2003) Masculinity and Men's Lifestyle Magazines. Oxford: Blackwell Beynon, John (2002) Masculinities and Culture. Buckingham: Open University Press Bignell, Jonathan (1997) Media Semiotics: An Introduction. Manchester: Manchester University Press [caution - labels photographic media as primarily iconic rather than primarily indexical] Bordo, Susan (1999) The Male Body: A New Look at Men in Public and in Private. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux Breazeale, Kenon (1994) 'In Spite of Women: Esquire Magazine and the Construction of the Male Consumer', Signs 20(1), Autumn Caughie, John, Annette Kuhn & Mandy Merck (Eds.) (1992) The Sexual Subject: A Screen Reader in Sexuality. London: Routledge Chandler, Daniel (1998) 'Notes on "the Gaze"'. [WWW document] URL http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/gaze/gaze.html Chandler, Daniel (1998) Semiotics for Beginners. [WWW document] URL http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/S4B/sem09.html Chandler, Daniel (2002) 'Levi Strauss Launderette (1985) [Notes]' [WWW document] URLhttp://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Modules/MC30820/launderette. html [for references to the male body in advertising generally] Chandler, Daniel (2007) Semiotics: The Basics (2nd Edn.). London: Routledge Chapman, Rowena & Jonathan Rutherford (Eds) (1996) Male Order: Unwrapping Masculinity. London: Lawrence & Wishart Churcher, Sharon & Steven S Gaines (1994) Obsession: The Lives and Times of Calvin Klein. New York: Carol Publishing Group Clare, Alexander (1998) 'A Semiotic Analysis of Magazine Ads for Men's Fragrances' [WWW document] URLhttp://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Students/awc9401.html Cleto, Fabio (Ed) (1999) Camp: Queer Aesthetics and the Performing Subject. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Cooper, Emmanuel (1995) Fully Exposed: The Male Nude in Photography. London: Routledge Courtney, Alice E & Thomas W Whipple (1983) Sex Stereotyping in Advertising. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books Craig, Steve (1991) 'Images of Men and Masculinity in the Mass Media: A Selected Research Bibliography' [WWW document] URLhttp://www.rtvf.unt.edu/html/craig/pdfs/mascbibl.PDF Craig, Steve (1992): 'Men's Men and Women's Women: How TV Commercials Portray Gender to Different Audiences'. In Robert E Kemper (Ed):Issues and Effects of Mass Communication: Contemporary Voices. 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Alan Scott - New Critical Writings in Political Sociology Volume Three - Globalization and Contemporary Challenges To The Nation-State (2009, Ashgate - Routledge) PDF