SITUATIE EXISTENTA

CARACTERISTICILE CONSTRUCTIEI Ionut CARP

Locatie: Constanta
Invelitoare: Tigla ceramica
Panta: 2 pante
α: 45 °

I. EVALUAREA INCARCARILOR

1. Incarcarea din zapada Sk= μi∙Ce∙Ct∙sok → Sk= 0.64 [kN/m²]

unde: μi= coeficient de forma pentru incarcarea din zapada pe acoperis μi= 0.4
Ce= coeficient de expunere al amplasamentului (expunere partiala) Ce= 0.80
Ct= coeficient termic Ct= 1.00
sok= valoarea caracteristica a incarcarii din zapada pe sol in amplasament sok= 2.00 [kN/m²]

2. Incarcarea din vant W(Z)= qref∙ce(z)∙Cp → W(z)= 0.2328 [kPa]

unde: qref= presiunea de referinta a vantului qref= 0.5 [kN/m²]
Ce(z)= factorul de expunere la inaltimea z deasupra terenului Ce(z)= 0.665
Cp= coeficientul aerodinamic de presiune Cp= 0.7

F
F
H I
5.625 H J I G
45° G G
H I
F
11.25 [m] F
15.34 [m]
11.25 [m]

3. Incarcarea utila qu= 1.00 [kN/m²]

4. Incarcarea permanenta
Material Incarcare Coef Incarc. De calc.
Tigla 0.098 1.35 0.1323
Sipca 0.045 1.35 0.0608
Hidroizol. 0.001 1.35 0.0014
0.1944
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

II. CALCULUL SIPCILOR

1.Evaluarea incarcarilor
a) Incarcarea permanenta aferenta unei sipci 50 x 50 [mm]
Ip= 0.098+0.045+0.001 → Ip= 0.144 [kN/m²]
qp= Ip∙1.35∙c → qp= 0.068 [kN/m²]
c= 0.35 [m]
qpx= qp∙sinα → qpx= 0.0579 [kN/m²]
qpy= qp∙cosα → qpy= 0.0357 [kN/m²]

b) Incarcarea din vant aferenta unei sipci

qv= w∙1.05∙c → qv= 0.0855 [kN/m²]
qvx= 0 [kN/m²]
qvy= qv= 0.0855 [kN/m²]

c) Incarcarea din zapada aferenta unei sipci

qz= Sk∙1.5∙c → qz= 0.336 [kN/m²]
qzx= qz∙sinα → qzx= 0.2859 [kN/m²]
qzy= qz∙cosα → qzy= 0.1765 [kN/m²]

d) Incarcarea utila aferenta unei sipci

Iu= 100 [daN]
qu= Iu∙1.5 → qu= 1.5 [kN/m²]
qux= qu∙sinα → qux= 1.2764 [kN/m²]
quy= qu∙cosα → quy= 0.788 [kN/m²]

2. Ipoteze de incarcare
a) q1= qp+qz
q1x= 0.3438 [kN/m²]
q1y= 0.2123 [kN/m²]

b) q2= qp+(1/2)qz+qv
q2x= 0.2008 [kN/m²]
q2y= 0.2095 [kN/m²]

c') Forta uniform distribuita q3= qp

q3x= 0.0579 [kN/m²]
q3y= 0.0357 [kN/m²]
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

c'') Forta concentrata q3= qu

q3x= 1.2764 [kN/m²]
q3y= 0.788 [kN/m²]

3. Calculul eforturilor in sipci

d= distanta interax intre sipci d= 0.35 [m]

a) M1= 𝑞1 ∙ 𝑑² → M1x= 𝑞1𝑥 ∙ 𝑑² → M1x= 0.015 [kN∙m]
8 8
M1y= 1𝑦 ∙ 𝑑²
𝑞 → M1y= 0.0093 [kN∙m]
8
𝑞 ∙ 𝑑² 𝑞 ∙ 𝑑²
b) M2= 2 → M2x= 2𝑥 → M2x= 0.0088 [kN∙m]
8 8
M2y= 𝑞2𝑦 ∙ 𝑑² → M2y= 0.0092 [kN∙m]
8

c) M3= 𝑞3 ∙ 𝑑² → M3x= 𝑞3𝑥 ∙ 𝑑² → M3x= 0.0558 [kN∙m]

8 8
M3y= 𝑞3𝑦 ∙ 𝑑² → M3y= 0.0345 [kN∙m]
8

4. Verificarea rezistentei la capacitate portanta

𝑀𝑒𝑓𝑥 𝑀𝑒𝑓𝑦 0.0558 0.0345

+ ≤1 → + 0.2808 ≤ 1 → 0.3217 < 1
𝑀𝑟𝑥 𝑀𝑟𝑦 0.2808

a) Mefx= Mxmax= M3x= 0.0558 [kN∙m]

Mefy= Mycores= M3y= 0.0345 [kN∙m]

b) Mefy= Mymax= M3y= 0.0345 [kN∙m]

Mefx= Mxcors= M3x= 0.0558 [kN∙m]

c
Mrx= Rinc ∙Wx∙mT∙m1 → Mrx= 0.2808 [kN∙m]
Mry= 0.2808 [kN∙m]
c
𝑅𝑖 c
Rinc = mui∙mdi∙ → Rinc = 14.975
γ𝑖
mui= 1
mdi= 𝑝 ∙ 0.55 + 𝑞𝑢 ∙ 1 → mdi= 0.068 ∙ 0.55 + 1.5 ∙ 1
𝑞 → mdi= 0.9805
𝑞𝑝 + 𝑞𝑢 0.068 + 1.5
Ri= 16.8 [N/mm²]
γi= 1.1
Wx= 𝑏 ∙ ℎ² → Wx= 50 ∙ 50² → Wx= 20833 [mm³]
6
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

6 6
mT= 0.9
m1= 1
5. Verificarea de rezistenta la incovoiere statica
fmaxf ≤fadm → 0.0406 < 0.3333 se verifica la incovoiere statica
fadm= 𝐿 → fadm= 50 fadm= 0.3333 [mm]
150 150
a) Sageata din incarcarea permanenta aferenta unei sipci
kdef= 0.8
x
fpx= fpst (1+kdef) → fpx= 0.011 [mm]
fpy= fpsty(1+kdef) → fpy= 0.0068 [mm]
fpstx= → fpstx= 0.0061 [mm]

4
fpsty= 5 ∙ 𝑞𝑝𝑦 ∙ 𝑑 → fpsty= 0.0038 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
Ix= Iy=𝑏 ∙ ℎ³ → Ix= 520833 [mm⁴]
12
E= 11000

b) Sageata din incarcarea data de vant aferenta unei sipci

kdef= 0
fvx= 0
fvy= fvsty(1+kdef) → fvy= 0.0116 [mm]
fvsty= 5 ∙ 𝑞𝑣𝑦 ∙ 𝑑4 → fvsty= 0.0116 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦

c) Sageata din incarcarea data de zapada aferenta unei sipci

kdef= 0.5
x
fzx= fzst (1+kdef) → fzx= 0.0406 [mm]
fzy= fzsty(1+kdef) → fzy= 0.0251 [mm]

5 ∙ 𝑞𝑧𝑥 ∙ 𝑑4
fzstx= → fzstx= 0.0271 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
4
fzsty= 5 ∙ 𝑞𝑧𝑦 ∙ 𝑑 → fzsty= 0.0167 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦

d) Sageata din incarcarea utila aferenta unei sipci

kdef= 0
x
fux= fust (1+kdef) → fux= 0.0004 [mm]
fuy= fusty(1+kdef) → fuy= 0.0002 [mm]

1 𝑞 𝑑3
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

1 ∙ 𝑞𝑢𝑥 ∙ 𝑑3
fustx= → fustx= 0.0004 [mm]
48 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
1 ∙ 𝑞𝑢𝑦 ∙ 𝑑3
fusty= → fusty= 0.0002 [mm]
48 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦

III. CALCULUL CAPRIORILOR

1.Evaluarea incarcarilor
a) Incarcarea permanenta aferenta unui caprior 100 x 150 [mm]
Ip= Ips+Ipc → Ip= 0.324 [kN/m]
G= 0.1∙0.15∙2∙6 → G= 0.18 [kN/m]
Qp= Ip∙1.35∙d∙cosα → Qp= 0.1137 [kN/m]
d= 0.4948 [m]

b) Incarcarea din vant aferenta unui caprior

Qv= w∙1.05∙d → Qv= 0.1209 [kN/m²]
c) Incarcarea din zapada aferenta unui caprior
Qz= Sk∙1.5∙d∙cosα → Qz= 0.2495 [kN/m]

d) Incarcarea utila aferenta unui caprior

Qu= Iu∙1.5∙cosα → Qu= 0.788 [kN/m]

2. Ipoteze de incarcare
a) Q1=Qp+Qz
Q1= 0.3632 [kN/m²]

b) Q2= Qp+(1/2)Qz+Qv
Q2= 0.3594 [kN/m²]

c') Forta uniform distribuita Q3= Qp

Q3= 0.1137 [kN/m]

c'') Forta concentrata Q3= Qu

Q3= 0.788 [kN/m]

3. Calculul eforturilor in capriori

l= 3.97 [m]
a) M1= 𝑄1 ∙ 𝑙² → M1= 0.4301 ∙ 3.5² → M1= 0.7156 [kN∙m]
8 8
b) M2= 𝑄2 ∙ 𝑙² → M2= 0.3947 ∙ 3.5² → M2= 0.708 [kN∙m]
8 8
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

8 8
𝑄 ∙𝑙
c) M3= 𝑞3 ∙ 𝑙² + 3 → M3= 1.27 ∙ 3.5² + 0.1149 ∙ 3.5 → M3= 2.6274
8 4 8 4

4. Verificarea rezistentei la capacitate portanta

Mmaxcap ≤ Me → 2.6274 < 5.0539 se verifica la capacitate portanta

Mmaxcap =max(M1;M2;M3) → Mmaxcap= max(0.6586;0.6044;2.054) → Mmaxcap= 2.6274 [kN∙m]
c
Me= Rinc ∙W∙mT∙m1 → Me= 5.0539 [kN∙m]
Rincc= mui∙mdi∙ 𝑅𝑖 → Rincc= 14.975
mui= 1 γ𝑖
mdi= 0.9805
W= 𝑏 ∙ ℎ² → W= 375000 [mm²]
6

5. Verificarea la moment incovoietor

a) Sageata din incarcarea permanenta aferenta unui caprior

kdef= 0.8
i
fpc= fpc (1+kdef) → fpx= 0.0106 [mm]
4
fpci= 5 ∙ 𝑄𝑝 ∙ 𝑙 → fpci= 0.0059 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
E= 11000
I= 4.219E+09
b) Sageata din incarcarea data de vant aferenta unui caprior
kdef= 0
i
fvc= fvc (1+kdef) → fvx= 0.0056 [mm]
4
fvci= 5 ∙ 𝑄𝑣 ∙ 𝑙 → fvci= 0.0056 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
c) Sageata din incarcarea data de zapada aferenta unui caprior
kdef= 0.45
i
fzc= fzc (1+kdef) → fzx= 0.024 [mm]
4
fzci= 5 ∙ 𝑄𝑧 ∙ 𝑙 → fzci= 0.0166 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
d) Sageata din incarcarea utila aferenta unui caprior
kdef= 0
i
fuc= fuc (1+kdef) → fux= 0.0366 [mm]
4
fuci= 5 ∙ 𝑄𝑢 ∙ 𝑙 → fuci= 0.0366 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
Calculul sagetii pe ipoteze de incarcare
fmaxf ≤fadm → 0 < 19.85 se verifica sageata
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

fadm= 𝐿 → fadm= 3500 fadm= 19.85 [mm]

200 200
fmaxf= max(f1;f2;f3)

IV. CALCULUL PANEI CENTRALE

1. Evaluarea incarcarilor
a) Incarcarea permanenta aferenta unei pane 150 x 200 [mm]
qpp= 𝐼𝑝𝑐 ∙ 1.35 ∙ 𝑑 + 𝑞 → qpp= 1.544 [kN/m]
𝑝 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑎 ∙ 1.35
𝑐𝑜𝑠α
qpana= v·γ → qpana= 0.18 [kN/m]
qpx= 0
qpy= qpp= 1.544 [kN/m]
dp= 2.8125 [m]

b) Incarcarea din vant aferenta unei pane

qvp= 𝑊 ∙ 1.5 ∙ 𝑑 → qvp= 1.8692 [kN/m]
𝑝
𝑐𝑜𝑠α
qvpx= qvp·sinα → qvpx= 1.5905 [kN/m]
qvpy= qvp·cosα → qvpy= 0.9819 [kN/m]

c) Incarcarea din zapada aferenta unei pane

qzp=Sk∙1.05∙dp → qzp= 1.89 [kN/m]
qzpx= 0
qzpy= qzp= 1.89 [kN/m]

d) Incarcarea utila aferenta unei pane

qup= Iu∙1.5 → qup= 1.5 [kN/m]
qupx= 0 [kN/m]
qupy= qup= 1.5 [kN/m]

2. Ipoteze de incarcare
a) q1=qp+qz
q1x= qpx+qzx → q1x= 0 [kN/m²]
q1y= qpy+qzy → q1y= 3.434 [kN/m²]
b) q2= qp+(1/2)qz+qv
q2x= qpx+(1/2)qzx+qvx → q2x= 1.5905 [kN/m²]
q2y= qpy+(1/2)qzy+qvy → q2y= 3.4709 [kN/m²]
c') Forta uniform distribuita q3= qp
q3x= qpx= 0 [kN/m²]
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

q3y= qpy= 1.544 [kN/m²]

c'') Forta concentrata q3= qu
q3x= qux= 0 [kN/m²]
q3y= quy= 1.5 [kN/m²]

3. Calculul eforturilor in pana centrala

lp= 2.00 [m]
a) M1x= 0 [kN∙m]
M1y= 𝑞1𝑦 ∙ 𝑙𝑝² → M1y= 1.717 [kN∙m]
8
b) M2x= 2𝑥 ∙ 𝑙𝑝²
𝑞 → M2x= 0.7952 [kN∙m]
8
M2y= 𝑞2𝑦 ∙ 𝑙𝑝² → M2y= 1.7355 [kN∙m]
8
c) M3x= 0 [kN∙m]
𝑞 ∙ 𝑙𝑝² 𝑄3𝑦 ∙ 𝑙𝑝
M3y= 3𝑦 + → M3y= 1.522 [kN∙m]
8 4

4. Verificarea rezistentei la capacitate portanta

𝑀𝑒𝑓𝑥 𝑀𝑒𝑓𝑦
𝑀𝑟𝑥
+ 𝑀𝑟𝑦
≤1

a) Mefx= Mxmax= M2x= 0.7952 [kN∙m]

Mefy= Mycores= M2y= 1.7355 [kN∙m]

b) Mefy= Mymax= M2y= 1.7355 [kN∙m]

Mefx= Mxcors= M2x= 0.7952 [kN∙m]

c
Mrx= Rinc ∙Wx∙mT∙m1 → Mrx= 11.55 [kN∙m]
Mry= 8.666 [kN∙m]
c
𝑅𝑖 c
Rinc = mui∙mdi∙ → Rinc = 12.838
γ𝑖
mui= 1
mdi= 𝑝 ∙ 0.55 + 𝑞𝑣 + 𝑞𝑧 /2
𝑞 → mdi= 0.8406
𝑞𝑝 + 𝑞𝑣 + 𝑞𝑧 /2
Ri= 16.8 [N/mm²]
γi= 1.1
Wx= 𝑏 ∙ ℎ² → Wx= 150 ∙ 200² → Wx= 1.00E+06 [mm³]
6 6
Wy= ℎ ∙ 𝑏² → Wy= 200 ∙ 150² → Wy= 7.50E+05 [mm³]
6 6
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

mT= 0.9
m1= 1

5. Verificarea de rezistenta la incovoiere statica

fmaxf ≤fadm → 0.9358 < 10 se verifica la incovoiere statica
fadm= 𝐿𝑝 → fadm= 2000 fadm= 10 [mm]
200 200
a) Sageata din incarcarea permanenta aferenta unei pane
kdef= 0.8
x
fpx= fpst (1+kdef) → fpx= 0 [mm]
fpy= fpsty(1+kdef)→ fpy= 0.9358 [mm]
fpstx= 5 ∙ 𝑞𝑝𝑥 ∙ 𝑑4 → fpstx= 0 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑥
4
fpsty= 5 ∙ 𝑞𝑝𝑦 ∙ 𝑑 → fpsty= 0.520 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
Ix=
𝑏 ∙ ℎ³ → Ix= 1.00E+08 [mm⁴] Iy= ℎ ∙ 𝑏³ → Iy= 5.63E+07 [mm⁴]
12
12
E= 11000

b) Sageata din incarcarea data de vant aferenta unei pane

kdef= 0
x
fvx= fvst (1+kdef) → fvx= 0.3012 [mm]
fvy= fvsty(1+kdef) → fvy= 0.3306 [mm]
fvstx= 5 ∙ 𝑞𝑣𝑥 ∙ 𝑑4 → fvstx= 0.30 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑥
y
fvst = 5 ∙ 𝑞𝑣𝑦 ∙ 𝑑4 → fvsty= 0.33 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
c) Sageata din incarcarea data de zapada aferenta unei pane
kdef= 0.5
x
fzx= fzst (1+kdef) → fzx= 0 [mm]
fzy= fzsty(1+kdef) → fzy= 0.358 [mm]

5 ∙ 𝑞𝑧𝑥 ∙ 𝑑4
fzstx= → fzstx= 0 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
4
fzsty= 5 ∙ 𝑞𝑧𝑦 ∙ 𝑑 → fzsty= 0.2386 [mm]
384 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦

d) Sageata din incarcarea utila aferenta unei pane

kdef= 0
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

fux= fustx(1+kdef) → fux= 0 [mm]

fuy= fusty(1+kdef) → fuy= 0.0002 [mm]

1 ∙ 𝑞𝑢𝑥 ∙ 𝑑3
fustx= → fustx= 0 [mm]
48 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦
1 ∙ 𝑞𝑢𝑦 ∙ 𝑑3
fusty= → fusty= 0.0002 [mm]
48 ∙ 𝐸 ∙ 𝐼𝑦

Calculul sagetii pe ipoteze de incarcare

fmaxf ≤fadm → 1.4764 < 10 se verifica
fadm= 𝐿 → fadm= 2000 fadm= 10 [mm]
200 200
fmaxf= max(f1;f2;f3)

1. f1= 2 2 → f1= 1.2937 [mm]

(𝑓1𝑥 + 𝑓1𝑦 )
f1x= fpx+fzx → f1x= 0 [mm]
f1y= fpy+fzy → f1y= 1.2937 [mm]

2. f2= (𝑓2𝑥 2 2
+ 𝑓2𝑦 ) → f2= 1.4764 [mm]
f2x= fpx+fvx+fzx/2 → f2x= 0.3012 [mm]
f2y= fpy+fvy+fzy/2 → f2x= 1.4453 [mm]

3. f3= (𝑓3𝑥 2 2
+ 𝑓3𝑦 ) → f3= 0.9359 [mm]
f3x= fpx+fux → f3x= 0 [mm]
f3y= fpy+fuy → f3y= 0.9359 [mm]
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

V. CALCULUL POPILOR

1. Evaluarea incarcarilor
a) Incarcarea permanenta aferenta unui pop d= 0.16 [m]
Npp= 𝐼𝑝𝑐 ∙ 1.35 → Npp= 17.709 [kN/m]
∙ 𝑑𝑝 ∙ 𝑡 + 𝑞𝑝 ∙ 𝑡 ∙ 1.35 + 𝐴𝑠 ∙ ℎ𝑝 ∙ γ ∙ 1.35
𝑐𝑜𝑠α
qpana= v·γ → qpana= 0.18 [kN/m]
Asect= π ∙ 𝑑² → Asect= 0.0201 [m²] Acalc= 0.3*0.3 → Acalc= 0.09 [m²]
4
t= 3.835 [m]
hp= 5.625 [m]

b) Incarcarea din vant aferenta unui pop

Nvp= 𝑊 ∙ 1.5 ∙ 𝑑 → Nvp= 2.6384 [kN/m]
𝑝
𝑐𝑜𝑠α

c) Incarcarea din zapada aferenta unui pop

Nzp= Sk∙1.05∙dp∙t → Nzp= 10.231 [kN/m]

d) Incarcarea utila aferenta unui pop

Nu= Iu∙1.5 → Nu= 1.5 [kN/m]

2. Ipoteze de incarcare

a) N1=Np+Nz → N1= 27.94 [kN/m]

b) N2= Np+(1/2)Nz+Nv → N2= 25.463 [kN/m]

3. Verificarea la compresiune cu flambaj

Nmax ≤ Cr
Cr= Rc''∙Acalc∙mTc∙ϕ
Nmax= max(N1;N2) Nmax= 27.94 [kN/m]
 SITUATIE EXISTENTA

Rc''= 𝑀𝑢𝑐 ∙ 𝑚𝑑𝑖 ∙ 𝑅𝑐 → Rc''= 6595.5

γ𝑐
𝑄𝑝 ∙ 0.55 + 𝑄𝑣 + 𝑄𝑧 /2
mdi= → mdi= 0.687
𝑄𝑝 + 𝑄𝑣 + 𝑄𝑧 /2

Acalc= 0.09
3 ∙ 100
ϕ= f(λ) → ϕ= → ϕ= 0.0192
λ²
λ= 𝐼𝑓 → λ= 125 > 75 TRUE
𝑖
If = 5.00 [m]
i= 0.25∙dpop → i= 0.04
mTc= 0.9
Cr= 102.57
Nmax ≤ Cr → 27.94 < 102.57 TRUE

VI. CALCULUL TALPII

Verificarea la strivire a talpii se face cu relatia: N < Qr → 27.94 < 182.31 TRUE
unde: N= incarcarea verticala a popului
N= 27.94 [kN/m]
Qr= capacitatea portanta a elementelor din lemn masiv cu sectiunea simpla, solicitatala compresiune
perpendicular pe directia fibrelor
Qr= Ac∙Rc''∙mTc∙mr → Qr= 182.31
Ac= aria de contact dintre cele doua elemente, aria popului la rezemarea pe talpa se considera ca popul se
imbina cu talpa cu cep cu dimensiunile 3x3 cm
Ac= π∙𝑑² → Ac= 0.0192 [m²]
4
- 0.03·0.03

Rc''= 6.5955
mTc= 0.9
mr= coeficient de reazem
mr= 1.6