1.

1 Understanding that humans have basic needs Give energy Grow Stay healthy Foo
d Air To breathe
Basic Needs Of Human
Water Drinks Grow Stay healthy
Shelter To protect from • danger • extreme weather • sun & rain
1.2 Understanding that animals have basic needs Give energy Grow Stay healthy Fo
od Air Types : • holes • cave • nest • beehive Shelter To protect from • danger • extreme w
ather • sun & rain To breathe
Basic Needs Of Animals
Water Drinks Grow Stay healthy
1.3 Understanding that plants have basic needs
Plants Have Basic Needs
Air
Water
Sunlight
With : • grow healthy • grow well • not wilted
Without : • wilted • Turn yellow • Die
2.1 Analysing life processes that humans undergo
Nose/Mouth Wind-pipe Lungs
Inhale – take in air Exhale – give out air
Purpose : • avoid danger
Organs Breathing Rate of breath
Number of chest movement In a period of time
• avoid getting hurt • avoid getting injured • to survive
Respond To Stimuli Organs Eyes - Sight Nose - Smell Tongue - Taste Ears - Sound
Skin - Touch
Analysing Life Processes That Human Undergo
Reproduce
A process to produce Their young or offspring
Excrete Lungs
( Carbon dioxide + water vapour )
Defecate
Faeces
Kidney ( urine + mineral salt ) Skin ( Sweat + mineral salt )
2.2 Being aware that certain behaviour can disturb life processes Behaviour That
Can Disturb Life Processes
Smoking Effects • Lung cancer
• Coughing
Drinking Alcohol
Taking Drug
Effects • Delay respond to stimuli How to avoid
• Lose ability to walk in straight line • Can cause accidents
Participate in a campaign Discourage among their peers
2.3 Analysing the life processes that animals undergo Animals Life Processes
Excrete
Defecate
Breathing
Reproduce
To get rid of waste product from their bodies
Organs
Lay Eggs
butterfly bird
Give Birth
cat tiger bat whale
Lungs • monkey
• bird • whale
Gills • fish
• prawn
Lungs-book • crab
Moist Skin • frog
• earthworm
Trachea Structure • insects
Science Year 4 INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS 2. Living Things Undergo Life Process
es
plants respond to stimuli. water, sunlight, touch, gravity.
the part of plant that responds to water
various ways plants reproduce
through…seeds, spores, suckers, stem cutting, leaves, underground stem.
Roots
the part of plant that responds to gravity.
2.4 Life processes plants undergo
what will happen to the world if plants do not reproduce.
no food supply.
Roots
the part of plant that responds to sunlight.
Shoot
plants reproduce.
Seeds – balsam, corn, durian Spores – fern, mushroom Suckers – banana, pineapple Stem
cutting – hibiscus, rose, tapioca Leaves – bryophyllum, begonia Stem – potato, onion,
ginger and lily
why plants need to reproduce
to ensure the survival of the species.
the part of plant that responds to touch.
3.1 animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves Sp
ecial characteristics of animals that protect them from danger.
Sharp claws To protect themselves and their Young from the enemies- lion ,cat, B
ears, and eagle. Pretend to dead To trick their enemies –e.g.: beetle
The special characteristics and behaviour of animals help to protect them from d
anger.
special behaviour of animals that protect them from danger.
Thick and hard skin To prevent their enemies from injuring Hard shell Snails and
tortoise retract their head And legs into the shell when the are Attacked by en
emies Hard scales Pangolins and crocodiles have hard scales To protect their bod
ies from injuries Spines Raise the sharp spines when the enemies Advance towards
them Horns Use their horn to attack enemies.
Camouflage Has body colour or patterns that that are Similar to the surrounding
Spray black ink Dark surrounding helps the animal not to been seen by enemies – e.
g: octopus, squid Poisonous sting or fangs Can hurt and kill enemies-e.g..: scor
pion, centipede snake , bee.
3.2/3.3 Animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselve
s from extreme weather and survive specific characteristics and behavior of anim
als that protect them from very hot and cold weather. Hot weather how specific c
haracteristics and behavior of animals help to protect them from very hot or col
d weather. Cold weather
Thick Fur Polar bears have thick fur to prevent the body From losing heat to col
d surroundings. Fat Layers Under The Skins Penguins, seals, and whales have fat
layers under their skin to keep their bodies warm Small Ears Seals and Walruses
have small ears to prevent Heat loss from their bodies. Hibernate Polar bears hi
bernates during extreme cold Weather
Wrinkled Skin Elephant ,hippopotamuses and buffaloes lose body heat through wrin
kled skins Wallowing Elephant, hippopotamuses and buffaloes keep their body cool
by wallowing in mud holes
Humps Camels store food and water in the form Of fats in the humps on their back
.
3.4 Plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves from enemy
The specific characteristics
of plants that protect them from enemies
How the specific
characteristics of plants help to protect them from enemies.
Produces latex
characteristics that protect plants. Have thorns Have fine hairs Close leaflets
when touch poisonous
3.5 Plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves from dry region a
nd strong wind
strong wind
dry region
Eg : cactus
Eg: Coconut tree, bamboo tree, . mangrove tree
a. b. d.
Long roots to absorb water Succulent stem can store water Thorn can can prevent
the excessive loss of water
a. b. c. d.
Have stems that bend easily Have buttress roots Have separated leaves Needle- sh
aped leaves
INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY
1.2 Area
Volume
1.3 Solid 1.4 Liquid
1.1 Length
MEASUREMENT
1.5 Mass
1.7 Standard units
1.6 Time
Terminology
- The distance between two points/place/position
Measuring tape
String
Arm span Cubit
Ways to measure
Ruler
1.1Length
Correct technique
- The eye must be directly above the end of object
Standard Tools
Measuring tape
Ruler
Unit
mm cm m km
Terminology
1.2 Area
Standard unit - Square millimetre (mm2) - Square centimetre (cm2) - Square metre
(m2) - Square kilometre (km2)
- Area is the amount of
Space taken up by the surface of an object. Different ways to measure area
- Using formula - by placing uniform objects such as tiles, books and stamps on
the surface of the objects
- Using square card with a
sides of 1 centimetre
2cm 4cm Area = length X width
3cm 1cm 1cm
3cm
= 4cm X 2 cm = 8cm2
The amount of space that something takes up
measuring cylinder
Length x width x height
Terminology Tools
Formula
Volume
1.4 Liquid Standard Units
1.3 Solid Correct technique Standard Units mm3, cm3, m3 a) taking the reading at
the lowest part of the meniscus. b) eyes must be at the same level as the lowes
t part of the meniscus
ml, l
Terminology
- Amount of matter in an object
Correct technique
1.5 Mass
Electronic balance Simple balance
Tools
Bathroom scale
Standard unit
Beam balance
Kitchen scale
Lever balance
mg
g
kg
Terminology
Standard unit
1.6 Time
- Duration between two event - Second , minute , hour
Way to measure Tool
Process that repeats uniformly can be used to measure time
- Digital clock , watch , wrist watch , clock
Events can be used measuring time Old clock -Swinging pendulum -Pulse rate candl
e - Sundial , sand clock , candle clock -water dripping -Changing day and night
1.7 The Importance of Standard Units
- for accuracy and consistency
- easy to communicate and understanding
Investigating Materials
metal
carbon
glass
plastics
wood
Conduct electricity
Light to pass through
Insulator
1.1 The properties of materials
Float on water
Sink in water
Can be stretch
conduct heat
wood
stone
rubber ring
metal
1.2 Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life
Suggest ways to keep things hot Suggest ways to keep things cold
Covered with insulators
hot thing
cold thing
To prevent heat loss
prevent from absorbing heat
1.3 Uses of materials based on their properties
List of object and materials that they are made of
Reason why particular materials are used to make an object
object spoon tissue glasses
materials metal wood glass
properties hard Soft transparent
cheap easy to get
strength good quality
1.4 The importance of reuse, reduce and recycle of materials
wood cotton metal plastics synthetic cloth Man-made materials
natural materials
rubber
glass
State that man-made materials comes from natural materials
reducing
reusing
recycling
public transport
plastic bag
bottle
plastics
glass
1.6
RUSTING CAN PREVENTED
DIFFERENT WAYS TO PREVENT OBJECTS FROM RUSTING
Coating with non rusting materials *paint *oil *grease
THE NECESSARY TO PREVENT RUSTING
*Everlasting Live *Save Natural material *Save Cost *Looking good
*Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact with air and wate
r.
UNDERSTANDING THAT SOME MATERIALS CAN BE RUST
RUSTY OBJECTS
NON RUSTY OBJECTS
OBJECT MADE OF IRON AND STEEL
OBJECT MADE OF GLASS PLASTIC, WOOD, CLAY AND SILK
*Nail *Spoon *Knife *Needle
*Glass *Bottle *Cup *Pencil
INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND THE UNIVERSE
-Nine Planets -Natural satellites -Meteors -Comets -Asteroids
THE SOLAR SYSTEM
List of constituents
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto
– My – Very – Excellent – Mother – Just – Served – Us – Nine – Pudding
List of planets
1.1 The solar system
Planets move around the Sun
the Earth the Sun 1 Size of the Sun relative to the size of the Earth. 100
the Earth 1
the Moon 4 Size of the Earth relative to the size of the Moon.
1.2 The relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun
The relative distance from the Earth to the Sun compared to the relative distanc
e from the Earth to the Moon. the Earth the Sun 150 000 000 km 1 : 400 the Moon
382 500 km
•The nearer a planet to the Sun is, the hotter is the surface of the planet . •The f
arther a planet from the Sun is, the colder is the surface of the planet. •Do not
have enough air and water.
Much nearer : •The temperature on the Earth would rise. •Water on Earth would evapor
ate. •No water and the temperature would be very hot. Much farther : •The temperatur
e on the Earth would drop. •Water would freeze into ice. •All living things would di
e.
Why certain planets are not conducive for living things.
1.3 Appreciating the perfect placement of the planet Earth in the Solar System
The Earth is the only planet in the Solar System that has living things.
EFFECT
•Earth is the third planet from the Sun, it receives enough light and heat from th
e Sun. •It is not too hot or too cold. •The atmosphere of the Earth contains air and
there is water on Earth.
INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY
1.1.Understanding the importance of technology in everyday life
Limitation of human ability
Examples of human limitations are • Unable to see fine objects •Unable to speak loud
•Unable to walk for long distance •Unable to see far away objects
Microscope - The usage of lens to see fine features of objects and microbes Micr
ophone -To increase the voice volume Telephone -To communicate from long distanc
e Bicycle, motorcycle, airplanes -Can travel long distance in a shorter time Tel
escope, binocular - To see far away objects
Devices to overcome human limitation
TECHNOLOGY
1.2
Understanding The Development Of Technology
Agriculture e.g.: hoe plough tractor
combine harvester Transportation Land: Animal car train bicycle
Examples
Air: hot air balloon airship glider aeroplane Water: canoe raft sampan ferry shi
p Communication Drawing carrier pigeon
Construction Cave hut wooden house apartment
Telephone
TECHNOLOGY
Cannot move farther
Problems they encounter in their daily life
1.3 Synthesising how technology can be used to solve problems
Demonstrate that device invented can be used to solve the problem identified
Pully – can lift everything
Cannot move and lift heavy thing Brain storming
Ideas to solve the problems identified
wheelbarrow Sketch the model
Device to solve the problem identified.
lever
Wheel barrow – can move heavything easily
1.4 Analysing That Technology Can Benefit Mankind If Used Wisely
Advantages of Technology
Disadvantages of Technology
•Communication Enable human to learn more about things happening around the world •T
ransportation Enable human to travel far away places in shorter time •Agriculture
Machines make it easier to plants and harvest their crops •Construction Roads, hig
hways, bridges and building is easier and faster to build
Environmental pollution from increase In waste materials Environmental destructi
on result from excessive usage of natural resources Social problem Bad effects o
n health result from environmental pollution and excessive use of chemicals