AE1303 AERODYNAMICS - II
OBJECTIVE 3 0 0 100
To understand the behaviour of airflow both internal and external in compressible flow
regime with particular emphasis on supersonic flows.
1. ONE DIMENSIONAL COMPRESSIBLE FLOW 7
Energy, Momentum, continuity and state equations, velocity of sound, Adiabatic steady
state flow equations, Flow through converging, diverging passages, Performance under
various back pressures.
2. NORMAL, OBLIQUE SHOCKS AND EXPANSION WAVES 15
Prandtl equation and Rankine – Hugonoit relation, Normal shock equations, Pitot static
tube, corrections for subsonic and supersonic flows, oblique shocks and corresponding
equations, Hodograph and pressure turning angle, shock polars, flow past wedges and
concave corners, strong, weak and detached shocks, Rayleigh and fanno Flow. Flow past
convex corners, Expansion hodograph, Reflection and interaction of shocks and
expansion, waves, Families of shocks, Methods of characteristics, Two-dimensional
supersonic nozzle contours.
3. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF MOTION FOR STEADY COMPRESSIBLE
FLOWS 9
Small perturbation potential theory, solutions for supersonic flows, Mach waves and
Mach angles, Prandtl-Glauert affined transformation relations for subsonic flows,
Linerised two-dimensional supersonic flowtheory. Lift, drag, pitching moment and center
of pressure of supersonic profiles.
4. AIRFOIL IN HIGH SPEED FLOWS 6
Lower and upper critical Mach numbers, Lift and drag divergence, shock induced
separation, Characteristics of swept wings, Effects of thickness, camber and aspect ratio
of wings, Transonic area rule, Tip effects.
5. HIGH SPEED WIND TUNNELS 8
Blow down, in draft and induction tunnel layouts and their design features, Transonic,
supersonic and hypersonic tunnels and their peculiarities, Helium and gun tunnels, Shock
tubes, Optical methods of flow visualization.
Text Book:
1. Radhakrishnan, E., “Gas Dynamics”, Prentice Hall of India, 2003.
References:
1. Shapiro, A.H., “ Dynamics and Thermodynamics of compressible Fluid Flow”, Ronold
Press, 1982.
2. Zucrow, M.J. and Anderson, J.D., “Elements of gas dynamics”, McGraw-Hill Book
Co., New York, 1989.
3. Mc Cornick.W., “ Aerodynamics, Aeronautics and Flight Mechanics”, John Wiley,
New York, 1979.
4. Anderson Jr., D., “Modern compressible flows”, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York,
1999.
MOHAMED SATHAK ENGINEERING COLLEGE, KILAKARAI.
DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK
PART - A
PART - B
16. (i) Derive the equation of motion for a Normal shock wave.
(ii) Derive the Prandtl Normal Shock relation for a Perfect gas.
17. Derive the Hugoniot equation and explain the Hugoniot Curve.
18. Briefly explain the Shock tube and its applications.
).θ ) and Flow deflection angle (β 19. Derive the Relation between Shock angle (
20. Briefly explain the Shock Polar.
21. Briefly explain the functions of Pitot static tube and list out the corrections needed for
subsonic and supersonic flows.
22. How Oblique shock forms? And explain its properties in detail.
23. Briefly explain the characteristic of flow over wedges and concave corners.
24. Briefly explain the features of two dimensional supersonic nozzle contours.
25. Write short notes on:
(i) Weak and detached shocks
(ii) Rayleigh Flow
(iii) Fanno flow
26. Briefly explain the Reflection and Intersection of Shock wave and Expansion wave.
27. With neat sketches explain the Supersonic shock expansion theory.
28. The flow Mach number, pressure, and temperature ahead of a normal shock are given
as 2.0, 0.5 atm and 300 K respectively. Determine M2, P2 , T2, and V2 behind the wave.
29. A re-entry vehicle (RV) is at an altitude of 15,000 m and has a velocity of 1850 m/s.
A bow shock wave envelops the RV. Neglecting dissociation, determine the stagnation
pressure and temperature just behind the shock wave on the RV center line where the
shock wave may be treated as normal shock.. Assume that = 1.4 and R = 287 J/kg-
K.γ the air behaves as perfect gas, with
30. A normal shock moves in a constant area tube as shown in figure. In region 1, V1 =
100 m/s, T1 = 300C and P1 = 0.7 atm. Shock speed CS with respect to a fixed coordinate
system is 600 m/s. Find fluid properties in region 2.
V2 2 1 V1
CS
P2 T2 P1 T1
40. Explain the rules, wing fuselage combinations designs for the Transonic
configurations and supersonic configurations.
41. Briefly explain the characteristics features of the lower critical mach number and
upper critical mach number.
42. Explain in detail about lift and drag divergence.
43. Explain with neat sketch about the shock induced separation.
44. Briefly explain the characteristics features of swept wings.
45. Briefly explain the effects of thickness, camber and aspect ratio over the performance
of wings in high speed flows.
46. Briefly explain the need and characteristic features of Transonic area rule.
47. Explain the following;
(iii) Disadvantages of Swept wings
(iv) Delta wing