CHAPTER 5

SIMPLE TENSE

Simple Present Simple Past Simple Future

Present Present Present

Past Future Past Future Past Future

Bagan 4: Ilustrasi Kejadian Peristiwa Pada Simple Tense

1. Simple Present Tense

Tense ini digunakan untuk menceritakan kejadian yang
berupa fakta, opini, serta kebiasaan (aktifitas yang dilakukan
setiap hari atau berulan-ulang). Time expression untuk tene ini
antara lain: everyday, today, sometimes, frequently, always dan
lain-lain. Terdapat 2 pola kalimat, yaitu kalimat verbal dan
kalimat nominal, berikut penjelasannya:
a. Kalimat verbal; menggunakan V1 untuk membuat kalimat
ini.
Positive : S + V1 +O/C (untuk subjek I,you,they,we)
S + V1+s/es + O/C (untuk subjek he, she, it)
Contoh:
1) My friends read some journals.
2) Anton and Santi continue their study at IAIN Salatiga.

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 3) The lawyer investigates his case.
Negative : S + Don’t + V1 + O/C
(untuk subjek I,you,they,we)
S + Doesn’t + V1 + O/C
(untuk subjek he, she, it)

Contoh:
1) My friends don’t read some journals.
2) Anton and Santi don’t continue their study at IAIN
Salatiga.
3) The lawyer doesn’t investigate his case.

Interrogative: Do + S + V1 + O/C?
(untuk subjek I,you,they,we)
Does + S + V1 + 0/C?
(untuk subjek he, she, it)

Contoh:
1) Do my friends read some journals?
2) Do Anton and Santi continue their study at IAIN
Salatiga?
3) Does the lawyer investigate his case?

b. Kalimat nominal, menggunakan Tobe dalam membuat

kalimat.

Positive: S + am + C (untuk subjek I)

S + are + C (untuk subjek you,they,we)
S + is + C (untuk subjek he, she, it)
Contoh:
1) I am an attorney general.
2) They are the chief of justice.

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 3) Mr. Andi is a legal counsel.
Negative: S + am not + C (untuk subjek I)
S + are not + C (untuk subjek you,they,we)
Contoh: S + is not+ C (untuk subjek he, she, it)

1) I am not an attorney general.

2) They are not the chief of justice.
3) Mr. Andi is not a legal counsel.
Interrogative: Am + S + C? (untuk subjek I)
Are + S + C? (untuk subjek you,they,we)
Is + S + C? (untuk subjek he, she, it)

Contoh:
1) Am I an attorney general?
2) Are they the chief of justice?
3) Is Mr. Andi a legal counsel?

2. Simple Past Tense

Tense ini digunakan untuk menceritakan kejadian dimasa
lampau, sering kali diikuti dengan time expression yang spesifik,
seperti: last month, last week, yesterday, a long time ago dan
lain-lain. Terdapat 2 bentuk dalam tense ini, antara verbal dan
nominal.
a. Kalimat Verbal, menggunakan kata kerja 1 dan 2,

Positive: S + V2 +O/C

Contoh:
1) My mother wrote a letter.
2) I visited the office of the council for the prosecution
last week.

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 Negative: S + Did not + V1 +O/C

Contoh:
1) My mother did not write a letter.
2) I did not visit the office of the council for the
prosecution.

Interrogative: Did + S + V1 +O/C?

Contoh:
1) Did My mother write a letter?
2) Did I visit the office of the council for the
prosecution?

b. Kalimat Nominal; menggunakan tobe lampau

Positive: S + Were + C (untuk subjek you,they,we)
S + Was + C (untuk subjek I, he, she, it)
Contoh:
1) They were an expert witness.
2) I was an Islamic counselor.
Negative: S + Were not + C
(untuk subjek you,they,we)
S + Was not + C
(untuk subjek I, he, she, it)

Contoh:
1) They were not an expert witness.
2) I was not an Islamic counselor.

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 Interrogative: Were + S + C?
(untuk subjek you,they,we)
Was + S + C?
Contoh: (untuk subjek I, he, she, it)

1) Were they an expert witness?

2) Was I an Islamic counselor?

3. Simple Future Tense

Tense ini digunakan untuk menceritakan kejadian yang akan
terjadi dimasa mendatang. Time expression pada tense ini antara
lain: tomorrow, next week, someday dan lain-lain.
a. Kalimat Verbal; menggunakan will+V1

Positive: S + Will/Shall + V1 +O/C

Contoh:
1) I will submit my journal next week.
2) My sister will execute the offer and acceptance
tomorrow.

Negative: S + Will/Shall not + V1 +O/C

Contoh:
1) I will not submit my journal next week.
2) My sister will not execute the offer and acceptance
tomorrow.

Interrogative: Will/shall + S + V1 + O/C?

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