Personal Computers and Applications: Networking For Home and Small Businesses - Chapter 1

Personal Computers
and Applications
Networking for Home and Small Businesses – Chapter 1
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
Objectives
 Identify the purpose and uses of personal computers
and describe local and network applications.
 Compare and contrast different types of computing
devices.
 Explain the binary representation of data.
 Determine appropriate components and peripheral
devices to meet requirements.
 Install, verify, and upgrade computer components and
peripherals.
ITE PC v4.0
Purpose and Uses of Personal Computers
 Multiple uses for computers
ITE PC v4.0
Computers need 3 things . . .
 Hardware
 Operating System
 Application Software
ITE PC v4.0
Purpose and Uses of Personal Computers
 Business & Industry

–Medical
–Educational
–Legal
 General Use
–Used by a wide range of people
–Used for various services
ITE PC v4.0
Types of Computing Devices
 Different types of Computers—each one with a different
purpose
ITE PC v4.0
Types of Applications
 Local – runs on only one PC
 Network – runs over the network (the Internet)

Must have two components
runs on a local computer
runs on a remote computer
ITE PC v4.0
 Servers – keep in a secure location (Why??)
 High performance computers which provide services to
many clients
Multiple CPUs
Loads of RAM
High capacity drives
ITE PC v4.0
 Desktop personal computer (PC)
 Used to run everyday applications
Email
Internet
Word Processing
Spreadsheet
ITE PC v4.0
 Workstation – high powered computers
 Features
•Multiple processors
•Large amounts of RAM
•High capacity drives
 Types of applications
•Computer Aided Design (CAD)
•3D
•Video animation
ITE PC v4.0
Types of Portable Computing Devices
 Types and features of portable devices
Laptop – AKA a Notebook

Use of a docking station with a laptop allows for
more connection options
ITE PC v4.0
Binary Representation of Data
 Humans use words and pictures to communicate

 Computers use bits
– 1 or 0 (1=on; 0=off) – just like a light switch
–8 bits = 1 byte
 Networkers need to be able to understand both
ITE PC v4.0
 Humans use the Base 10 numbering system, but
computers only understand binary, so how do we
communicate??
 Simple – Convert Base 10 to Binary
 Try these examples:

– 175
– 68
– 255
ITE PC v4.0
What helps determine the speed?
 Type of Media
– UTP Cable
– Fiber
– Wireless
 Type of file
– Larger files require more time to download
 Type of computer
ITE PC v4.0
 Measuring resolution and frequency
 Pixels – determines the resolution
 Hertz = how fast something recycle or refreshes
 300 MHz = 300 million cycles/second
ITE PC v4.0
Determining Appropriate Components and
Peripheral Devices
 Preassembled or Custom Built – which one should you
choose??
 Preassembled Advantages:
– Lower Cost
– Performs most applications
 Preassembled Disadvantages:
– May lack in performance
 Custom Built Advantages:
– Exact components
– Supports higher performance applications
 Custom Built Disadvantages
– Costly
ITE PC v4.0
Peripheral Devices
 Motherboard
– main circuit board
– slots for network, video,
and sound cards
ITE PC v4.0
Peripheral Devices
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)

– nerve center of the computer
 Factors to remember when selecting your processor

– higher speed = faster performance
– more power = more heat
 Bus
– how data gets to its location (like a highway)
– faster bus = faster computer
ITE PC v4.0
Peripheral Devices
 Random Access Memory (RAM)

– temporary storage
– stores data while it is being processed by the CPU
 Why would a user need more RAM?

– Multiple applications running at the same time
– Multiple CPUs
– Amount of RAM available is determined by the motherboard
ITE PC v4.0
Peripheral Devices
 Adapter cards add functionality to a computer system
ITE PC v4.0
Peripheral Devices
 Optical Drives
– Use of laser beams to record information
– CD or DVD – uses red laser
– Blue Ray – uses blue-violet laser
• can hold up to 25GB of data
ITE PC v4.0
Peripheral Devices
 Magnetic Drives
– Hard Drive
– Floppy Drive
– Tape Drive
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Peripheral Devices
 Peripheral Devices
– Added to the computer to expand its capabilities
–Different categories
• Input
• Output
• Storage
• Networking
 Where do these devices fit??
ITE PC v4.0
Peripheral Devices
 Surge Protector
– prevents damage to the computer
 UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)

– keeps charge of internal battery
– provides backup power without interruption for a short period
of time
ITE PC v4.0
Install, Verify and Upgrade Components and
Peripherals
 Computer Repair Best Practices
 Turn PC off and unplug power
– Determine if the part is hot-swappable (if so, there is no need
to turn off power before adding or removing the part)
 Never open power supply or monitor

– both contain high voltages
 Be aware of Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)

– transfers electricity from your body to electrical parts
– ground yourself properly
ITE PC v4.0
Peripherals
 Take the following precautions:

– Determine if the component is hot swappable
• If in doubt, unplug it!!
– Attach grounding strap
– Remove old component
– Check the connection on the new component
• Should fit easily; if you have to force it, it probably doesn’t
belong there
– Place component in the correct slot
ITE PC v4.0
Peripherals
 PS/2 - connects keyboard and mouse
 USB – connects many devices (PnP)
 Serial – connects modems/printers
 Parallel – connects printer
 VGA – connects monitors
 RJ11 – connects phone lines
 RJ45 – connects to the network
ITE PC v4.0
ITE PC v4.0

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Personal Computers

Networking for Home and Small Businesses – Chapter 1

 Business & Industry

 Local – runs on only one PC

 Network – runs over the network (the Internet)

 Types and features of portable devices

Laptop – AKA a Notebook

 Humans use words and pictures to communicate

 Networkers need to be able to understand both

 Simple – Convert Base 10 to Binary

 Try these examples:

 Central Processing Unit (CPU)

 Factors to remember when selecting your processor

 Random Access Memory (RAM)

 Why would a user need more RAM?

 Where do these devices fit??

 UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)

 Never open power supply or monitor

 Be aware of Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)

 Take the following precautions:

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