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Motor Protection Page

Application 12/2
SIPROTEC 4 7SK80 Motor Protection Relay 12/9

12
12 Motor Protection

Application

Comprehensive motor protection func-


tions are available in our overcurrent relays
and in the machine protection units. No
separate relay family is required for this ap-
plication.
The examples in part 2 illustrate that relay
selection depends on the type and size of
the motor and on the protection functions
required (see Fig. 2/60 to 2/63).
The following table shows which motor
protection functions are available in the
different relays (partly, functions are op-
tional).

LSP2373-afp.tif
Fig. 12/1

Fault Protection ANSI No.


Stator thermal overload Stator thermal overload protection 49
Rotor thermal overload during 2 protection principles for the rotor
start overload protection
too long or blocked Motor starting time supervision 48
too frequent Restart inhibit 66, 49R
Earth fault (ground fault) Earth-fault protection 50G, 64G, 67G
(I0>; V0>;<(V0, I0))
Short-circuit Overcurrent-time protection 50, 51
Current differential protection 87
Loss of phase Negative-sequence protection (I2/IN) 46
Bearing overload Temperature monitoring 38
Overheating of plant on Undercurrent protection 37, 32U
unloaded drivers active-power protection (P<)
(pumps, compressors)
Undervoltage Undervoltage protection 27
(starting torque not reached
M ≈ V2 or start too long)
12 Asynchronous operation Underexcitation protection 40
(of an asynchronous motor)
Sudden high mechanical load Load jam protection 51M

Protection functions for various types of motor faults

12/2 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection

Application

.
No

64

2
600

602

M6

M6
80

63/
61

62
SI

7SK
AN

7SJ

7SJ

7SJ

7SJ
7SJ

7U

7U
Protection functions
Stator overload protection 49 n n n n n n n n
Starting time supervision 48 n n n n n n n n
Locked-rotor protection 48 n n n n n n n n
Restart 66, n n n n n n n
inhibit 49R
Load jam protection 51M – – n n n n *) – –
Earth-fault protection
non-directional 64G n n n n n n
50G n n n n n n n n
directional 67G n n n n n n
Overcurrent-time protection 50, 51 n n n n n n n n
Current differential protection 87 n
Negative-sequence protection 46 n n n n n n n n
Temperature monitoring 38 n n n n n n
(via thermo-box)
Undercurrent protection 37 n n n n n n n
Active-power protection (P<) 32U (37) n n n *) n n
Undervoltage protection 27 n n n n n
Underexcitation protection 40 n n
Frequency protection 81 n n n n n
Breaker-failure protection 50BF n n n n n n n
Freely programmable logic (PLC) n n n n n n
Control functions n n n n n n n n
Measuring transducers n n
Flexible interfaces – 1 2 2 2 2/3 2 3
*) 7SJ64 only
Scope of motor protection functions provided by SIPROTEC devices

12

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/3


12 Motor Protection

Selection table Asynchronous motor Synchronous motor

100 kW - 500 kW < 2 MW


7SJ60 7SJ61 or 7SK80 7UM61
Basic device + more I/Os (Option:
+ control functions Generator Basic)
+ flexible interfaces
+ better local HMI
(larger display; digital
keyboard)

500 kW - (1-2) MW < 10 MW


7SJ62 or 7SK80 7UM61 7UM62
Basic device + more I/Os (7UM612) (Option:
+ control functions + control functions Generator Basic)
+ high accuracy
+ high sensitivity
+ operating range in a
wide frequency band
(11 Hz - 68 Hz)

or with control functions via


bay mimic diagram in graphic display

7SJ63 7SJ64
Basic device + synchro-check function
+ high sensitivity
+ extensive control func-
tion
+ 1 serial interface more

> 2 MW > 10 MW
7UM62 + 7UM61
+ differential protection (Option:
+ control functions Generator Basic)
+ high accuracy 7UM62 or with control functions
+ high sensitivity (Option: via bay mimic diagram in
+ operating range in a Generator Basic) graphic display
wide frequency band
(11 Hz - 68 Hz) 7SJ64
(Option:
Maximum functionality
+ synchro-check)

12

12/4 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection

Application

Application example:
Protection of a small motor 100 kW - 500 kW
7SJ600
l Stator thermal overload protection 49
l Starting time supervision 48
l Earth(ground)-fault protection 50G
l Overcurrent-time protection 50, 51
l Negative-sequence protection 46

Fig. 12/2

12

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/5


12 Motor Protection

Application

Application example:
Protection of a small motor 100 kW - 500 kW
in isolated or compensated systems
7SK80
l Overcurrent-time protection 50, 51
l Sensitive earth (ground) fault 50G
(non-directional, 64G
directional) 67G
l Negative-sequence protection 46
l Stator thermal overload protection 49
l Restart inhibit (rotor protection) 66, 49R
l Starting time supervision 48
l Undercurrent protection 37
l Breaker-failure protection 50BF
l Temperature monitoring either 38
internally (max. 5 RTD-inputs)
or externally via RTD-boxes
(max. 12 RTD-inputs)
l Load jam protection 51M

Fig. 12/3

12

12/6 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection

Application

Application example:
Protection of a medium-sized motor
500 kW - (1-2) MW
7SJ62/63/7SK80
l Stator thermal overload protection 49
l Restart inhibit

(rotor protection) 66, 49R


l Starting time supervision 48
l Earth-fault protection 50G
(non-directional, 64G
directional) 67G
l Overcurrent-time protection 50, 51
l Negative-sequence protection 46
l Undervoltage protection 27
l Undercurrent protection 37
l Breaker-failure protection 50BF
l External temperature monitoring 38
box (RTD-box)
7SK80 offers alternatively an
internal card with up to
5 RTD-inputs
l Load jam protection 51M1)

Fig. 12/4

12

1) not for 7SJ63

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/7


12 Motor Protection

Application

Application example:
Protection of a large motor > 2 MW
7UM62
l Stator thermal overload protection 49
l Restart inhibit

(rotor protection) 66, 49R


l Starting time supervision 48
l Earth-fault protection 50G
(non-directional, 64G
directional) 67G
l Differential protection 87M
l Overcurrent-time protection 50, 51
l Negative-sequence protection 46
l Undervoltage protection 27
l Undercurrent protection 37
l Active-power protection 32U
l Frequency protection 81
l Breaker-failure protection 50BF

12

Fig. 12/5

12/8 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

SIPROTEC Compact 7SK80


Motor Protection Relay
Function overview

Protection functions
• Time-overcurrent protection
(50, 50N, 51, 51N)
• Directional overcurrent protection, ground
(67N)
• Sensitive dir./non-dir. ground-fault
detection (50Ns, 67Ns)
• Displacement voltage (64)
• Inrush restraint
• Motor protection
– Undercurrent monitoring (37)
LSP2874.tif

– Starting time supervision (48)


– Restart inhibit (66/86)
– Locked rotor (14)
– Load jam protection (51M)
• Overload protection (49)
Fig. 12/6 • Temperature monitoring
SIPROTEC 7SK80 • Under-/overvoltage protection (27/59)
motor protection relay • Under-/overfrequency protection (81O/U)
• Breaker failure protection (50BF)
• Phase unbalance or negative-sequence
protection (46)
Highlights • Phase-sequence monitoring (47)
Description • Lockout (86)
Removable current and voltage terminals
The SIPROTEC Compact 7SK80 is a multi- Control functions/programmable logic
provide the ideal solution for fast and
functional motor protection relay. It is de- secure replacement of relays. • Commands for the ctrl. of CB, disconnect
signed for asynchronous induction-type switches (isolators/isolating switches)
motors of all sizes. The relays have all the Binary input thresholds and current taps • Control through keyboard, binary
functionality to be applied as a backup relay are software settings. There is thus no need inputs, DIGSI 4 or SCADA system
to a transformer differential relay. to ever open the relay to adapt the hardware • User-defined PLC logic with CFC
configuration to a specific application. (e.g. interl.)
The 7SK80 features “flexible protection
The relay provides 9 programmable func- Monitoring functions
functions”. 20 additional protection func-
tions can be created by the user. For exam- tion keys that can be used to replace push- • Operational measured values V, I, f
ple, a rate of change of frequency function buttons, select switches and control switches. • Energy metering values Wp, Wq
or a reverse power function can be created. • Circuit-breaker wear monitoring
The battery for event and fault recording • Minimum and maximum values
The relay provides circuit-breaker control, memory can be exchanged from the front • Trip circuit supervision
additional primary switching devices of the relay. • Fuse failure monitor
(grounding switches, transfer switches and The relay is available with IEC 61850 for • 8 oscillographic fault records
isolating switches) can also be controlled incredible cost savings in applications (e.g. • Motor statistics
from the relay. Automation or PLC logic transfer schemes with synch-check, bus Communication interfaces
functionality is also implemented in the interlocking and load shedding schemes). • System/service interface 12
relay. The integrated programmable logic – IEC 61850
(CFC) allows the user to add own func- This compact relay provides protection,
– IEC 60870-5-103
tions, e.g. for the automation of switch- control, metering and PLC logic functional-
– PROFIBUS-DP
gear (including: low voltage starting, auto- ity. Secure and easy to use one page matrix
– DNP 3.0
matic restart, interlocking, transfer and IO programming is now a standard feature.
– MODBUS RTU
load shedding schemes). The user is also The housing creates a sealed dust proof • Ethernet interface for DIGSI 4
allowed to generate user-defined messages. environment for the relay internal elec- • USB front interface for DIGSI 4
The communication module is independ- tronics. Heat build up is dissipated through Hardware
ent from the protection. It can easily be the surface area of the steel enclosure. No • 4 current transformers
exchanged or upgraded to future commu- dusty or corrosive air can be circulated • 0/3 voltage transformers
nication protocols. over the electronic components. The relay • 3/7 binary inputs (thresholds
thus will maintain its tested insulation configurable using software)
characteristic standards per IEC, IEEE, • 5/8 binary outputs (2 changeover/
even if deployed in harsh environment. Form C contacts)
• 0/5 RTD inputs
• 1 live-status contact
• Pluggable current and voltage terminals

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/9


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Application

Fig. 12/7 Function diagram

The SIPROTEC Compact 7SK80 unit is a Line protection Reporting


numerical protection relay that can perform The 7SK80 units can be used for line pro- The storage of event logs, trip logs, fault
control and monitoring functions and tection of high and medium-voltage net- records and statistics documents are stored
therefore provide the user with a cost-effec- works with grounded, low-resistance in the relay to provide the user or operator
tive platform for asset protection, monitor- grounded, isolated or a compensated all the key data required to operate modern
ing and management, that ensures reliable neutral point. substations.
supply of electrical power to the motors or
other plant assets. The ergonomic design Motor protection Switchgear cubicles for
makes control easy from the relay front high/medium voltage
panel. A large, easy-to-read display was a The 7SK80 relay is specifically designed
key design factor. to protect induction-type asynchronous All units are designed specifically to meet
motors. the requirements of high/medium-voltage
Control applications.
Transformer protection
12 The integrated control function permits In general, no separate measuring instru-
control of motors, contactors, disconnect The relay provides all the functions for ments (e.g. for current, voltage, frequency,
devices, grounding switches or circuit- backup protection for transformer differ- …) or additional control components are
breakers through the integrated operator ential protection. The inrush suppression necessary.
panel, binary inputs, DIGSI 4 or the control effectively prevents unwanted trips that
can be caused by inrush currents. Typically the relay provides all required
or SCADA/automation system (e.g. SICAM,
measurements, thus negating the use of
SIMATIC or other vendors automation sys-
Backup protection additional metering devices like amp, volt
tem). A full range of command processing
or frequency meters. No additional control
functions is provided. The 7SK80 can be used as a stand alone switches are required either. The relay pro-
feeder protection relay or as a backup to vides 9 function keys that can be config-
Programmable logic other protection relays in more complex ured to replace push buttons and select
The integrated logic characteristics (CFC) applications. switches.
allow the user to add own functions for
automation of switchgear (e.g. interlock- Metering values
ing) or switching sequence. The user can Extensive measured values (e.g. I, V),
also generate user-defined messages. This metered values (e.g. Wp, Wq) and limit
functionality can form the base to create values (e.g. for voltage, frequency) provide
extremely flexible transfer schemes. improved system management.

12/10 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Application

ANSI No. IEC Protection functions

50, 50N I>, I>>, I>>>, IE>, IE>>, IE>>> Instantaneous and definite time-overcurrent protection (phase/neutral)

51, 51N Ip, IEp Inverse time-overcurrent protection (phase/neutral)

67N IEdir>, IEdir>>, IEp dir Directional overcurrent protection, ground (definite/inverse)

67Ns/50Ns IEE>, IEE>>, IEEp Directional/non-directional sensitive ground-fault detection

– Cold load pick-up (dynamic setting change)

59N/64 VE, V0> Displacement voltage, zero-sequence voltage

50BF Breaker failure protection

46 I2> Phase-balance current protection (negative-sequence protection)

47 V2>, phase-sequence Unbalance-voltage protection and/or phase-sequence monitoring

48 Starting time supervision

49 ϑ> Thermal overload protection

51M Load jam protection

14 Locked rotor protection

66/86 Restart inhibit

37 I< Undercurrent monitoring

38 Temperature monitoring via internal RTD inputs or external device (RTD-box),


e.g. bearing temperature monitoring

27, 59 V<, V> Undervoltage/overvoltage protection

32 P<>, Q<> Forward-power, reverse-power protection

55 cos ϕ Power factor

81O/U f>, f< Overfrequency/underfrequency protection

81R df/dt Rate-of-frequency-change protection

12

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/11


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Construction and hardware

LSP2885.tif
Connection techniques and
housing with many advantages
The relay housing is 1/6 of a 19" rack. The Illuminated 6-line display
housing is thus identical in size to the 7SJ50
and 7SJ60 relays that makes replacement Navigation keys
very easy. The height is 244 mm (9.61").
Pluggable current and voltage terminals Numerical key pad/9 function keys
allow for pre-wiring and simplify the ex-
change of devices. CT shorting is done in 8 programmable LEDs
the removable current terminal block.
Control keys
It is thus not possible to open-circuit a
secondary current transformer.
Standard battery exchangeable from the front
All binary inputs are independent and the
pick-up thresholds are settable using soft- USB front port
ware settings (3 stages). The relay current
transformer taps (1 A/5 A) are new soft-
ware settings. Up to 9 function keys can be
programmed for predefined menu entries,
switching sequences, etc. The assigned
function of the function keys can be shown

LSP2877.tif
in the display of the relay.

LSP2878.tif
Current terminal
block
LSP2876.tif

Voltage terminal
block

Fig. 12/8 7SK80 Front view, rear view, terminals

Protection functions

Time-overcurrent protection Available inverse-time characteristics


(ANSI 50, 50N, 51, 51N) Characteristics acc. to ANSI/IEEE IEC 60255-3
This function is based on the phase- Inverse • •
selective measurement of the three phase
currents and the ground current (four Short inverse •
transformers). Three definite-time over-
Long inverse • •
12 current protection elements (DMT) are
available both for the phase and the Moderately inverse •
ground elements. The current threshold
and the delay time can be set in a wide Very inverse • •
range. Inverse-time overcurrent protection Extremely inverse • •
characteristics (IDMTL) can also be se-
lected and activated.
the reverse movement of the Ferraris disk Cold load pickup/dynamic setting change
Reset characteristics of an electromechanical relay (disk emula- The pickup thresholds and the trip times
tion). of the directional and non-directional
Time coordination with electromechanical
relays are made easy with the inclusion time-overcurrent protection functions can
Inrush restraint
of the reset characteristics according to be changed via binary inputs or by setable
ANSI C37.112 and IEC 60255-3 /BS 142 The relay features second harmonic re- time control.
standards. When using the reset character- straint. If second harmonic content is
istic (disk emulation), the reset process is detected during the energization of a trans-
initiated after the fault current has disap- former, the pickup of non-directional and
peared. This reset process corresponds to directional elements are blocked.

12/12 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Protection functions

Directional overcurrent protection, ground


(ANSI 67N)
Directional ground protection is a separate
function. It operates in parallel to the non-
directional ground overcurrent elements.
Their pickup values and delay times can be
set separately. Definite-time and inverse-
time characteristics are offered. The trip-
ping characteristic can be rotated by
± 180 degrees.
For ground protection, users can choose
whether the direction is to be calculated
using the zero-sequence or negative-
sequence system quantities (selectable).
If the zero-sequence voltage tends to be
very low due to the zero-sequence imped-
ance it will be better to use the negative- Fig. 12/9
Directional determination
sequence quantities. using cosine measurements
for compensated networks
(Sensitive) directional ground-fault detec-
tion (ANSI 64, 67Ns, 67N)
For isolated-neutral and compensated net-
works, the direction of power flow in the (Sensitive) ground-fault detection Breaker failure protection (ANSI 50BF)
zero sequence is calculated from the zero- (ANSI 50Ns, 51Ns / 50N, 51N) If a faulted portion of the electrical circuit
sequence current I0 and zero-sequence
For high-resistance grounded networks, a is not disconnected when a trip command
voltage V0.
sensitive input transformer is connected is issued to a circuit-breaker, another trip
For networks with an isolated neutral, the to a phase-balance neutral current trans- command can be initiated using the breaker
reactive current component is evaluated; former (also called core-balance CT). failure protection which trips the circuit-
for compensated networks, the active cur- breaker of an upstream feeder. Breaker fail-
The function can also be operated in the
rent component or residual resistive cur- ure is detected if, after a trip command is
normal mode as an additional short-
rent is evaluated. For special network issued and the current keeps on flowing into
circuit protection for neutral or residual
conditions, e.g. high-resistance grounded the faulted circuit. It is also possible to make
ground protection.
networks with ohmic-capacitive use of the circuit-breaker position contacts
ground-fault current or low-resistance (52a or 52b) for indication as opposed to
Phase-balance current protection (ANSI 46)
grounded networks with ohmic-inductive the current flowing through the circuit-
(Negative-sequence protection)
current, the tripping characteristics can be breaker.
rotated approximately ± 45 degrees. By measuring current on the high side of
the transformer, the two-element phase-
Two modes of ground-fault direction balance current/negative-sequence protec-
detection can be implemented: tripping tion detects high-resistance phase-to-phase
or “signalling only mode”. faults and phase-to-ground faults on the
It has the following functions: low side of a transformer (e.g. Dy 5 or 12
Delta/Star 150 deg.). This function provides
• TRIP via the displacement voltage VE. backup protection for high-resistance faults
• Two instantaneous elements or one through the transformer.
instantaneous plus one user-defined
characteristic.
• Each element can be set to forward,
reverse or non-directional.
• The function can also be operated in
the insensitive mode as an additional
short-circuit protection.

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/13


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Protection functions

Flexible protection functions


The 7SK80 enables the user to easily add
up to 20 additional protective functions.
Parameter definitions are used to link
standard protection logic with any chosen
characteristic quantity (measured or calcu-
lated quantity) (Fig. 12/10). The standard
logic consists of the usual protection ele-
ments such as the pickup set point, the set
delay time, the TRIP command, a block
function, etc. The mode of operation for
current, voltage, power and power factor
quantities can be three-phase or single-
phase. Almost all quantities can be oper- Fig. 12/10 Flexible protection functions
ated with ascending or descending pickup
stages (e.g. under and over voltage). All
stages operate with protection priority.
Protection functions/stages available are Trip circuit supervision (ANSI 74TC) Protection of motors require an additional
based on the available measured analog One or two binary inputs can be used for time constant. This is used to accurately
quantities: monitoring the circuit-breaker trip coil determine the thermal heating of the stator
including its incoming cables. An alarm during the running and motor stopped con-
Function ANSI No. signal occurs whenever the circuit is gener- ditions. The ambient temperature or the
ated. The circuit breaker trip coil is moni- temperature of the coolant can be detected
I< 37
tored in the open and closed position. either through internal RTD inputs or via
I>, IE> 50, 50N an external RTD-box. The thermal replica
Interlocking features can be implemented
V<, V>, VE> 27, 59, 64 to ensure that the beaker can only be closed of the overload function is automatically
if the trip coil is functional. adapted to the ambient conditions. If nei-
3I0>, I1>, I2>, I2/I1 50N, 46 ther internal RTD inputs nor an external
3V0>, V1><, V2>< 59N, 47
Lockout (ANSI 86) RTD-box exist, it is assumed that the ambi-
P><, Q>< 32 ent temperatures are constant.
All binary output statuses can be memo-
cos ϕ (p.f.)>< 55 rized. The LED reset key is used to reset Settable dropout delay times
f>< 81O, 81U the lockout state. The lockout state is also
stored in the event of supply voltage fail- If the relays are used in conjunction with
df/dt>< 81R electromechanical relays, in networks with
ure. Reclo- sure can only occur after the
lockout state is reset. intermittent faults, the long dropout times
For example, the following can be imple- of the electromechanical relay (several
mented: hundred milliseconds) can lead to prob-
Thermal overload protection (ANSI 49)
• Reverse power protection (ANSI 32R) lems in terms of time coordination/grad-
To protect cables and transformers, an ing. Proper time coordination/grading is
• Rate-of-frequency-change protection overload protection function with an only possible if the dropout or reset time is
(ANSI 81R) integrated warning/alarm element for approximately the same. This is why the
temperature and current can be used. parameter for dropout or reset times can
12 The temperature is calculated using a be defined for certain functions such as
thermal homogeneous body model time-overcurrent protection, ground
(per IEC 60255-8), it considers the energy short-circuit and phase-balance current
entering the equipment and the energy protection.
losses. The calculated temperature is con-
stantly adjusted according to the calculated
losses. The function considers loading his-
tory and fluctuations in load.

12/14 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Protection functions

n Motor protection
Restart inhibit (ANSI 66/86)
If a motor is subjected to many successive
starts, the rotor windings or rotor bars can
be heated up to a point were the electrical
connections between the rotor bars and the
end rings are damaged. As it is not possible
to physically measure the heat of the rotor
we need to determine the heat by mea-
suring the current the rotor is drawing
through the stator to excite the rotor. A
thermal replica of the rotor is established
using a I2t curve. The restart inhibit will
block the user from starting the motor if the
relay determined that the rotor reached a
temperature that will damage the rotor
should a start be attempted. The relay will
thus only allow a restart if the rotor has a
sufficient thermal reserve to start (Fig. 12/11).
Fig. 12/11
Emergency start-up
If the relay determines that a restart of the
for I > IMOTOR START Load jam protection (ANSI 51M)
motor is not allowed, the relay will issue a
block signal to the closing command, effec- ⎛I ⎞
2 Load jam is activated when a sudden high
t = ⎜ A ⎟ ⋅ TA load is applied to the motor because of me-
tively blocking any attempt to start the mo- ⎝ I⎠
tor. The emergency startup will defeat this chanical failure of a pump for example. The
block signal if activated through a binary I = Actual current flowing sudden rise in current is detected by this
input. The thermal replica can also be reset function and can initiate an alarm or a trip.
IMOTOR START = Pickup current to detect a
to allow an emergency restart of the motor. motor start The overload function is too slow and thus
t = Tripping time not suitable.
Temperature monitoring (ANSI 38)
IA = Rated motor starting current
The relay can be applied with 5 internal Phase-balance current protection (ANSI 46)
RTDs. Two RTDs can be applied to each TA = Tripping time at rated motor (Negative-sequence protection)
bearing (the cause of 50% of typical motor starting current
If a rotating flux is set up in the stator that
failures). The remaining RTD is used to The relay equation is optimally adapted turns in the opposite direction of rotation
measure the ambient temperature. Stator based on the state of the motor. The value of the rotor. This flux will cause eddy cur-
temperature is calculated in by the current applied on TA is dependant on the state of rents in surface of the rotor bars and subse-
flowing through the stator windings. Up the motor, cold or warm. This warm or quently heat will be generated causing the
to 12 RTDs can be applied using external cold state of the motor is determined by rotor to heat up. This unwanted rotating
RTD modules. The RTDs can also be used the thermal model of the rotor. flux is caused if the supply voltage are un-
to monitor the thermal status of trans- symmetrical. This unsymmetrical supply
Because the flow of current is the cause of
formers or other pieces of primary equip-
the heating of the motor windings, this will cause a negative sequence current to 12
ment. (see “Accessories” , page 12/26). flow causing a rotating flux in the opposite
equation will accurately calculate the start-
ing supervision time. The accuracy will not direction to the machine rotation.
Starting time supervision/Locked rotor
protection (ANSI 48/14) be affected by reduced terminal voltage
that could cause a prolonged start. The trip Undercurrent monitoring (ANSI 37)
Starting time supervision protects the mo- time is an inverse current dependant char- A sudden drop in current, which can occur
tor against unwanted prolonged starts that acteristic (I2t). due to a reduced load, is detected with this
might occur in the event of excessive load function. This may be due to shaft that breaks,
torque or excessive voltage drops within Block rotor can also be detected using a
no-load operation of pumps or fan failure.
the motor, or if the rotor is locked. Rotor speed sensor connected to a binary input
temperature is calculated from measured of the relay. If activated it will cause an in-
Motor statistics
stator current. The tripping time is calcu- stantaneous trip.
lated according to the following equation: Essential statistical information is saved by
the relay during a start. This includes the
duration, current and voltage. The relay will
also provide data on the number of starts,
total operating time, total down time, etc.
This data is saved as statistics in the relay.

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/15


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Protection functions Customized functions (ANSI 51V, etc.) Switching authority


Additional functions, which are not time Switching authority is determined by set
n Voltage protection critical, can be implemented using the CFC parameters or through communications to
measured values. Typical functions include the relay. If a source is set to “LOCAL”,
Overvoltage protection (ANSI 59)
reverse power, voltage controlled over- only local switching operations are possi-
The two-element overvoltage protection current, phase angle detection, and zero- ble. The following sequence for switching
detects unwanted network and machine sequence voltage detection. authority is available: “LOCAL”; DIGSI
overvoltage conditions. The function can PC program, “REMOTE”.
operate either with phase-to-phase, phase-
to-ground, positive phase-sequence or There is thus no need to have a separate
negative phase-sequence voltage. Three- Control and automatic functions Local/Remote switch wired to the breaker
phase and single-phase connections are coils and relay. The local/remote selection
Control can be done using a function key on the
possible.
In addition to the protection functions, the front of the relay.
Undervoltage protection (ANSI 27) SIPROTEC Compact units also support all
control and monitoring functions that are Command processing
The two-element undervoltage protection
required for operating medium-voltage or This relay is designed to be easily integrated
provides protection against dangerous
high-voltage substations. into a SCADA or control system. Security
voltage drops (especially for electric ma-
chines). Applications include the isolation features are standard and all the function-
The main application is reliable control of
of generators or motors from the network ality of command processing is offered.
switching and other processes.
to avoid undesired operating conditions This includes the processing of single and
and a possible loss of stability. Proper oper- The status of primary equipment or auxil- double commands with or without feed-
ating conditions of electrical machines are iary devices can be obtained from auxiliary back, sophisticated monitoring of the con-
best evaluated with the positive-sequence contacts and communicated to the 7SK80 trol hardware and software, checking of
quantities. The protection function is ac- via binary inputs. Therefore it is possible the external process, control actions using
tive over a wide frequency range (45 to 55, to detect and indicate both the OPEN and functions such as runtime monitoring and
55 to 65 Hz). Even when falling below this CLOSED position or a fault or intermedi- automatic command termination after
frequency range the function continues to ate circuit-breaker or auxiliary contact po- output. Here are some typical applications:
sition.
work, however, with a decrease in accu- • Single and double commands using 1,
racy. The switchgear or circuit-breaker can be 1 plus 1 common or 2 trip contacts
The function can operate either with controlled via: • User-definable bay interlocks
phase-to-phase, phase-to-ground or posi- – integrated operator panel
– binary inputs • Operating sequences combining several
tive phase-sequence voltage, and can be switching operations such as control of
monitored with a current criterion. – substation control and protection system
– DIGSI 4 circuit-breakers, disconnectors and
Three-phase and single-phase connections grounding switches
are possible.
Automation / user-defined logic • Triggering of switching operations,
Frequency protection (ANSI 81O/U) With integrated logic, the user can create, indications or alarm by combination with
through a graphic interface (CFC), specific existing information
Frequency protection can be used for over-
frequency and underfrequency protection. functions for the automation of switchgear
or a substation. Functions are activated Assignment of feedback to command
Electric machines and parts of the system
are protected from unwanted frequency using function keys, binary input or The positions of the circuit-breaker or
deviations. Unwanted frequency changes through the communication interface. switching devices and transformer taps are
in the network can be detected and the acquired through feedback. These indica-
12 load can be removed at a specified fre- tion inputs are logically assigned to the
quency setting. corresponding command outputs. The
unit can therefore distinguish whether the
Frequency protection can be used over indication change is a result of switching
a wide frequency range (40 to 60 (for operation or whether it is an undesired
50 Hz), 50 to 70 (for 60 Hz). There are spontaneous change of state.
four elements (individually set as overfre-
quency, underfrequency or OFF) and each
element can be delayed separately. Block-
ing of the frequency protection can be per-
formed by activating a binary input or by
using an undervoltage element.

12/16 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

There is no exact mathematical method to


Further functions
calculate the wear or the remaining service
life of a circuit-breaker that takes arc-
Measured values
chamber’s physical conditions into account
The r.m.s. values are calculated from the when the CB opens. This is why various
acquired current and voltage along with methods of determining CB wear have
the power factor, frequency, active and evolved which reflect the different operator
reactive power. The following functions philosophies. To do justice to these, the
are available for measured value process- relay offers several methods:
ing:
• I
• Currents IL1, IL2, IL3, IE, IEE (67Ns) • Σ I x, with x = 1... 3
• Voltages VL1, VL2, VL3, VL1L2, VL2L3, VL3L1 • Σ i 2t
• Symmetrical components The devices also offer a new method for
I1, I2, 3I0; V1, V2, V0 determining the remaining service life:
• Power Watts, Vars, VA/P, Q, S • Two-point method
(P, Q: total and phase selective)
The CB manufacturers double-logarithmic
• Power factor (cos ϕ), switching cycle diagram (see Fig. 12/12) and
(total and phase selective) the breaking current at the time of contact
• Frequency opening serve as the basis for this method.
After CB opening, the two-point method
• Energy ± kWh, ± kVarh, forward and
calculates the remaining number of possible
Fig. 12/12 CB switching cycle diagram reverse power flow
switching cycles. Two points P1 and P2 only
• Mean as well as minimum and maximum have to be set on the device. These are speci-
Chatter disable current and voltage values fied in the CB’s technical data.
The chatter disable feature evaluates • Operating hours counter All of these methods are phase-selective
whether, in a set period of time, the num- • Mean operating temperature of the over- and a limit value can be set in order to ob-
ber of status changes of indication input load function tain an alarm if the actual value falls below
exceeds a specified number. If exceeded, or exceeds the limit value during determi-
the indication input is blocked for a certain • Limit value monitoring
nation of the remaining service life.
period, so that the event list will not record Limit values can be monitored using pro-
excessive operations. grammable logic in the CFC. Commands Commissioning
can be derived from this limit value indi-
cation. Commissioning could not be easier and
Indication filtering and delay
is supported by DIGSI 4. The status of
Binary indications can be filtered or de- • Zero suppression the binary inputs can be read individually
layed. In a certain range of very low measured and the state of the binary outputs can be
values, the value is set to zero to suppress set individually. The operation of switch-
Filtering serves to suppress brief changes in interference. ing elements (circuit-breakers, disconnect
potential at the indication input. The indi-
devices) can be checked using the switch-
cation is passed on only if the indication Metered values ing functions of the relay. The analog
voltage is still present after a set period of
For internal metering, the unit can calcu- measured values are represented as wide-
time. In the event of an indication delay,
late an energy metered value from the ranging operational measured values. To
there is a delay for a preset time. The infor-
measured current and voltage values. If an prevent transmission of information to
mation is passed on only if the indication
voltage is still present after this time.
external meter with a metering pulse out- the control center during maintenance, 12
put is available, the 7SK80 can obtain and the communications can be disabled to
Indication derivation process metering pulses through an indica- prevent unnecessary data from being trans-
tion input. mitted. During commissioning, all indica-
User-definable indications can be derived tions with test tag for test purposes can be
from individual or a group of indications. The metered values can be displayed and
connected to a control and protection
These grouped indications are of great passed on to a control center as an accu-
system.
value to the user that need to minimize the mulated value with reset. A distinction is
number of indications sent to the system made between forward, reverse, active and Test operation
or SCADA interface. reactive energy.
During commissioning, all indications can
Circuit-breaker wear monitoring be passed to a control system for test pur-
poses.
Methods for determining circuit-breaker
contact wear or the remaining service life
of a circuit-breaker (CB) allow CB mainte-
nance intervals to be aligned to their actual
degree of wear. The benefit lies in reduced
maintenance costs.

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/17


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

System interface protocols (retrofittable)


Communication
IEC 61850 protocol
The relay offers flexibility with reference to Since 2004, the Ethernet-based IEC 61850
its communication to substation automa- protocol is a global standard for protection
tion systems and industrial SCADA or and control systems used by power utili-
DCS systems. The communication module ties. Siemens was the first manufacturer to
firmware can be changed to communicate implement this standard. This protocol
using another protocol or the modules can makes peer-to-peer communication possi-
be changed completely for a different con- ble. It is thus possible to set up masterless
nection or protocol. It will thus be possible systems to perform interlocking or transfer
to move to future communication proto- schemes. Configuration is done using
cols like popular Ethernet based protocols DIGSI.
with ease.
IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
USB interface
The IEC 60870-5-103 protocol is an inter-
There is an USB interface on the front of national standard for the transmission of
the relay. All the relay functions can be protective data and fault recordings. All Fig. 12/13
set using a PC and DIGSI 4 protection messages from the unit and also control IEC 60870-5-103: Radial fiber-optic connection
operation program. Commissioning tools commands can be transferred by means of
and fault analysis are built into the DIGSI published, Siemens-specific extensions to
program and are used through this inter- the protocol. As a further option a redun-
face. dant IEC 60870-5-103 module is available
as well. With the redundant module it will
Interfaces be possible to read and change single
A number of communication modules parameters.
suitable for various applications can be
fitted at the bottom of the housing. The PROFIBUS-DP protocol
modules can be easily replaced by the user. PROFIBUS-DP is a widespread protocol
The interface modules support the follow- in industrial automation. Through
ing applications: PROFIBUS-DP, SIPROTEC units make
• System/service interface their information available to a SIMATIC
Communication with a central control controller or receive commands from a
system takes place through this interface. central SIMATIC controller or PLC.
Radial or ring type station bus topologies Measured values can also be transferred
can be configured depending on the cho- to a PLC master.
sen interface. Furthermore, the units can
exchange data through this interface via MODBUS RTU protocol
Ethernet and the IEC 61850 protocol and This simple, serial protocol is mainly
can also be accessed using DIGSI. used in industry and by power utilities, and Fig. 12/14
Alternatively up to two external tempera- is supported by a number of relay manu- Bus structure for station bus with Ethernet and
ture monitoring boxes with a total of 12 IEC 61850, fiber-optic ring
facturers. SIPROTEC units function as
measuring sensors can be connected to MODBUS slaves, making their informa-
the system/service interface. tion available to a master or receiving in-
12 • Ethernet interface formation from it. A time-stamped event
The Ethernet interface was implemented list is available.
for fast access to a number of protection
units using DIGSI. It is also possible to
connect up to two external temperature
monitoring boxes (RTD-box for
Ethernet) with a total of 12 measuring
sensors to the Ethernet interface.
LSP2810.tif

Fig. 12/15
Optical Ethernet communication module
for IEC 61850 with integrated Ethernet-switch

12/18 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Communication

DNP 3.0 protocol


Power utilities use the serial DNP 3.0 (Dis-
tributed Network Protocol) for the station
and network control levels. SIPROTEC
units function as DNP slaves, supplying
their information to a master system or
receiving information from it.

System solutions for protection and station


control
Units featuring IEC 60870-5-103 interfaces
can be connected to SICAM in parallel via
the RS485 bus or radially by fiber-optic
link. Through this interface, the system is
open for the connection to other manufac-
turers systems (see Fig. 12/13).
Because of the standardized interfaces,
SIPROTEC units can also be integrated
into systems of other manufacturers or in
SIMATIC. Electrical RS485 or optical in-
terfaces are available. The best physical
data transfer medium can be chosen thanks
to opto-electrical converters. Thus, the Fig. 12/16
RS485 bus allows low-cost wiring in the System solution/communication
cubicles and an interference-free optical
connection to the master can be estab-
lished.
For IEC 61850, an interoperable system so-
lution is offered with SICAM. Through the
100 Mbits/s Ethernet bus, the units are
linked with SICAM electrically or optically
to the station PC. The interface is stan-
dardized, thus also enabling direct connec-
tion to relays of other manufacturers and
into the Ethernet bus. With IEC 61850,
however, the relays can also be used in
other manufacturers’ systems (see Fig. 12/14).

12

Fig. 12/17
Connection of two RTD units to 7SK80 using Ethernet

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/19


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Typical connections

n Connection of current
and voltage transformers
Standard connection
For grounded networks, the ground cur-
rent is obtained from the phase currents by
the residual current circuit.

Fig. 12/18
Residual current
circuit without direc-
tional element

Fig. 12/19
Sensitive ground-
current detection
without directional
element

12

Fig. 12/20
Residual current
circuit with direc-
tional element (no
directional element
for phase)

12/20 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Typical connections

Connection for compensated networks


The figure shows the connection of two
phase-to-ground voltages and the VE volt-
age of the broken delta winding and a
phase-balance neutral current transformer
for the ground current. This connection
maintains maximum precision for direc-
tional ground-fault detection and must
be used in compensated networks.

Fig. 12/21
Sensitive directional
ground-fault detec-
tion (no directional
element for phase)

Fig. 12/22 shows sensitive directional


ground-fault detection.

Fig. 12/22
Sensitive directional
ground-fault detec-
tion

Connection for all networks


The figure shows the connection to three
current transformers and two voltage 12
transformers in V-connection. Directional
ground overcurrent protection is not pos-
sible since the displacement voltage cannot
be calculated.

Fig. 12/23

Residual current
circuit with voltage
functions (no direc-
tional element for
phase)

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/21


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Typical applications

Overview of connection types


Type of network Function Current connection Voltage connection
(Low-resistance) grounded network Time-overcurrent protection Residual circuit, with 3 phase-current –
phase/ground non-directional transformers required, phase-balance
neutral current transformer possible
(Low-resistance) grounded networks Sensitive ground-fault protection Phase-balance neutral current –
transformers required
Isolated or compensated networks Time-overcurrent protection Residual circuit, with 3 or 2 phase –
phases non-directional current transformers possible
(Low-resistance) grounded networks Time-overcurrent protection Residual circuit, with 3 phase-current Phase-to-ground connection or
phases directional transformers possible phase-to-phase connection
Isolated or compensated networks Time-overcurrent protection Residual circuit, with 3 or 2 phase- Phase-to-ground connection or
phases directional current transformers possible phase-to-phase connection
(Low-resistance) grounded networks Time-overcurrent protection Residual circuit, with 3 phase-current Phase-to-ground connection
ground directional transformers required, phase-balance required
neutral current transformers possible
Isolated networks Sensitive ground-fault Residual circuit, if ground current 3 times phase-to-ground connection
protection > 0.05 IN on secondary side, other- or phase-to-ground connection with
wise phase-balance neutral current open delta winding
transformers required
Compensated networks Sensitive ground-fault protection Phase-balance neutral current Phase-to-ground connection with
cos ϕ measurement transformers required open delta winding required

Technical data

For detailed information regarding the


technical data of the 7SK80 protection
device, please visit us on the Internet at:
www.siprotec.com

12

12/22 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Selection and ordering data Description Order No.


7SK80 motor protection device 7SK80oo – ooooo – oooo
Housing, binary inputs and outputs
Housing 1/6 19’’, 4 x I, 3 BI, 5 BO (2 changeover/Form C),
1 live status contact 1
Housing 1/6 19’’, 4 x I, 7 BI, 8 BO (2 changeover/Form C), see next page
1 live status contact 2
Housing 1/6 19’’, 4 x I, 3 x V, 3 BI, 5 BO (2 changeover/Form C),
1 live status contact 3
Housing 1/6 19’’, 4 x I, 3 x V, 7 BI, 8 BO (2 changeover/Form C),
1 live status contact 4
Housing 1/6 19’’, 4 x I, 3 BI, 5 BO (2 changeover/Form C), 5 RTD inputs,
1 live status contact 5
Housing 1/6 19’’, 4 x I, 3 x V, 3 BI, 5 BO (2 changeover/Form C), 5 RTD inputs,
1 live status contact 6

Measuring inputs, default settings


Iph = 1 A / 5 A, Ie = 1 A / 5 A 1
Iph = 1 A / 5 A, Iee (sensitive) = 0.001 to 1.6 A / 0.005 to 8 A 2

Rated auxiliary voltage


24 V / 48 V DC 1
60 V / 110 V / 125 V / 220 V DC, 115 V, 230 V AC 5

Unit version
Surface-mounting housing, screw-type terminal B
Flush-mounting housing, screw-type terminal E

Region-specific default and language settings


Region DE, IEC, language German (language selectable), standard front A
Region World, IEC/ANSI, language English (language selectable), standard front B
Region US, ANSI, language US-English (language selectable), US front C
Region FR, IEC/ANSI, language French (language selectable), standard front D
Region World, IEC/ANSI, language Spanish (language selectable), standard front E
Region World, IEC/ANSI, language Italian (language selectable), standard front F
Region RUS, IEC/ANSI, language Russian (language selectable), standard front G

12

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/23


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Selection and ordering data Description Order No. Order


code
7SK80 motor protection device 7SK80oo – ooooo – oHoo L 0 o
Port B (at bottom of device, rear)
No port 0
IEC 60870-5-103 or DIGSI 4/modem, electrical RS232 1 see
IEC 60870-5-103, DIGSI 4/modem or RTD-box, electrical RS485 2 following
page
IEC 60870-5-103, DIGSI 4/modem or RTD-box, optical 820 nm, ST connector 3
PROFIBUS-DP Slave, electrical RS485 9 L0A
PROFIBUS-DP Slave, optical, double ring, ST connector 9 L0B
MODBUS, electrical RS485 9 L 0D
MODBUS, optical 820 nm, ST connector 9 L0 E
DNP 3.0, electrical RS485 9 L0G
DNP 3.0, optical 820 nm, ST connector 9 L0H
IEC 60870-5-103, redundant, electrical RS485, RJ45 connector 9 L0P
IEC 61850, 100 Mbit Ethernet, electrical, double, RJ45 connector 9 L0 R
IEC 61850, 100 Mbit Ethernet, optical, double, ST connector 9 L0 S

Port A (at bottom of device, in front)


No port 0
With Ethernet interface (DIGSI, RTD-box, not IEC 61850), RJ45 connector 6

Measuring/fault recording
With fault recording 1
With fault recording, average values, min/max values 3

12

12/24 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Selection and ordering data Description Order No.


7SK80 motor protection device 7SK80oo – ooooo – o H o 0
Designation ANSI No. Description
Basic version 50/51 Time-overcurrent protection phase I>, I>>, I>>>, Ip
50N/51N Time-overcurrent protection ground IE>, IE>>, IE>>>, IEp
50N(s)/51N(s)1) Sensitive ground fault protection IEE>, IEE>>, IEEp
49 Overload protection
74TC Trip circuit supervision
50BF Circuit-breaker failure protection
46 Negative-sequence protection
37 Undercurrent monitoring
86 Lockout
48 Starting time supervision
66/86 Restart inhibit
14 Locked rotor protection
51M Load jam protection
Motor statistics
Parameter changeover
Monitoring functions
Control of circuit-breaker
Flexible protection functions (current parameters)
2)
Inrush restraint D
Basic version + directional (sensitive) ground fault, voltage and frequency protection
n 67N Directional overcurrent protection ground
IE>, IE>>, IEp
67N(s) 1) Directional sensitive ground fault protection
IEE>, IEE>>, IEEp
64/59N Displacement voltage
27/59 Under-/overvoltage
81U/O Under-/overfrequency, f<, f>
47 Phase rotation
32/55/81R Flexible protection functions (current and voltage
parameters): Protective function for voltage, power,
3)
power factor, frequency change E

12

n Basic version included


1) Depending on the ground current input
the function will be either sensitive (Iee)
or non-sensitive (Ie).
2) Only if position 6 = 1, 2 or 5.
3) Only if position 6 = 3, 4 or 6.

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/25


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Sample order Position Order No. + Order code


7SK8051-5EC96-3HD0+L0G

6 I/O’s: 3 BI/5 BO, 1 live status contact, 5 RTD inputs 5


7 Current transformer: Iph = 1 A / 5 A, Ie = 1 A / 5 A 1
8 Power supply: 60 to 250 V DC, 115 V AC to 230 V AC 5
9 Unit version: Flush-mounting housing, screw-type terminals E
10 Region: US, English language (US); ANSI C
11 Communication: System interface: DNP 3.0, RS485 9 L0G
12 Communication: Ethernet interface (DIGSI, not IEC 61850) 6
13 Measuring/fault recording: Extended measuring and fault records 3
14/15 Motor protection function package: Basic version HD

Accessories Description Order No.

DIGSI 4
Software for configuration and operation of Siemens protection units
running under MS Windows 2000/XP Professional Edition/Vista.

Basis Full version with license for 10 computers, on CD-ROM


(authorization by serial number) 7XS5400-0AA00
Professional DIGSI 4 Basis and additionally SIGRA (fault record analysis),
CFC Editor (logic editor), Display Editor (editor for default
and control displays) and DIGSI 4 Remote (remote operation) 7XS5402-0AA00
Professional + IEC 61850
Complete version:
DIGSI 4 Basis and additionally SIGRA (fault record analysis),
CFC Editor (logic editor), Display Editor (editor for default
and control displays) and DIGSI 4 Remote (remote operation)
+ IEC 61850 system configurator 7XS5403-0AA00

IEC 61850 System configurator


Software for configuration of stations with IEC 61850 communication under
DIGSI, running under MS Windows 2000/XP Professional Edition/Vista.
Optional package for DIGSI 4 Professional
License for 10 PCs. Authorization by serial number. On CD-ROM 7XS5460-0AA00

SIGRA 4
Software for graphic visualization, analysis and evaluation of fault records.
Can also be used for fault records of devices of other manufacturers (Comtrade format).
12 Running under MS Windows 2000/XP Professional Edition/Vista.
(generally contained in DIGSI Professional, but can be ordered additionally)
Authorization by serial number. On CD-ROM. 7XS5410-0AA00

Temperature monitoring box (RTD-box) for RS485 connection


24 to 60 V AC/DC 7XV5662-2AD10
90 to 240 V AC/DC 7XV5662-5AD10

Temperature monitoring box (RTD-box) for Ethernet


24 to 240 V AC/DC 7XV5662-7AD10

Manual for 7SK80


English E50417-G1140-C344-A1
German E50417-G1100-C344-A1

Mounting rail for 19" rack C73165-A63-C200-4

12/26 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Connection diagram

Fig. 12/24 7SK801 connection diagram

12

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/27


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Connection diagram

Fig. 12/25 7SK802 connection diagram

12

12/28 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Connection diagram

Fig. 12/26 7SK803 connection diagram

12

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/29


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Connection diagram

Fig. 12/27 7SK804 connection diagram

12

12/30 Siemens SIP · 2008


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Connection diagram

Fig. 12/28 7SK805 connection diagram

12

Siemens SIP · 2008 12/31


12 Motor Protection / 7SK80

Connection diagram

Fig. 12/29 7SK806 connection diagram

12

12/32 Siemens SIP · 2008

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