SURINAME

GREEN
The Nation’s
Global BRAND

Economic Well-being
World Tourism hub
Sustainable exports
Global Solutions
 GREEN
ECONOMICS
Essential in
Domestic and
Global Trade
WHY? WHAT? HOW?
 WHY?
Collapsing
Mass
Ecosystems
Poverty Mass
Climate Extinction
disasters
Humans release as much CO2 every 48 hours as the
1991 Mount Pinatubo Volcanic eruption
 Reasons for Action
Business as Usual

6 C rise ―would cause a mass

extinction of almost all life and
probably reduce humanity to a few
struggling groups of embattled
survivors clinging to life near the
poles.―
Few species could adapt in time to
the abruptness of the transition.
"With the tropics too hot to grow I Risks to Unique & Threatened systems
crops, and the sub-tropics too dry, II Risks from Extreme Climate Events
III Distribution of Impacts
billions of people would find IV Aggregate Impacts
themselves in areas of the planet V Risks from Future Large-Scale Discontinuities
which are essentially uninhabitable."
 Latin America & Caribbean region:
Exposed population to 5 meter Sea Level Rise

Rate of sea
level rise
proportional
to warming

Source: Dasguta, S. et al. 2007. The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
4136, http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/IW3P/IB/2007/02/09/000016406_20070209161430/Rendered/PDF/wps4136.pdf
 7% Suriname population exposed to
1 meter Sea Level Rise

Source: Dasguta, S. et al. 2007. The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
4136, http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/IW3P/IB/2007/02/09/000016406_20070209161430/Rendered/PDF/wps4136.pdf
 30% Suriname population exposed to
3 meter Sea Level Rise

Source: Dasguta, S. et al. 2007. The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
4136, http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/IW3P/IB/2007/02/09/000016406_20070209161430/Rendered/PDF/wps4136.pdf
 55% Suriname population exposed to
5 meter Sea Level Rise

Source: Dasguta, S. et al. 2007. The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
4136, http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/IW3P/IB/2007/02/09/000016406_20070209161430/Rendered/PDF/wps4136.pdf
SURINAME
 % Impact GDP % Impact Agriculture % Impact Population

SURINAME
SURINAME

35% GDP Impacted @ 5 m SLR

55% Population Impacted

23% impacted

SURINAME

Source: Dasguta, S. et al. 2007. The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Developing Countries: A Comparative Analysis, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
4136, http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/IW3P/IB/2007/02/09/000016406_20070209161430/Rendered/PDF/wps4136.pdf
 TIPPING POINT Amazon Dieback
Coinciding ENSO & North Atlantic warming

Drought,
Wildfires,
Shift to
Savannah

Lenton, T. et al. 2008. Tipping elements in the Earth’s climate system, Proceedings National Academy of Sciences US, 1786–1793,
February 12, 2008, vol. 105, no. 6, www.pnas.org/
Amazon 2005 -- Brazil’s Worst Drought in 100 years
 DOZEN TIPPING POINTS
Accelerating Massive Emissions &
Catastrophic Collapse

Lenton, T. et al. 2008. Tipping elements in the Earth’s climate system, Proceedings National Academy of Sciences US, 1786–1793, February 12, 2008, vol. 105,
no. 6, www.pnas.org/
 Where the world needs to go:
energy-related CO2 emissions per capita

???
Source: WDR, adapted from NRC (National Research Council). 2008. The National Academies Summit on America’s Energy Future: Summary of a Meeting.
Washington, DC: National Academies Press.based on data from World Bank 2008. World Development Indicators 2008.
100 yr Global Economic Growth (GWP) compared with Today
 Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions

Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions

Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions

Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions

Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
Toward Zero CO2 & GHG Emissions
 WHAT?
Buildings Mobility
Products
Utilities
Noel Parry et al., California Green Innovation Index 2009, Next 10, www.next10.org/
20 percent

burning and clearing tropical forests accounts for

15-20% of global GHG emissions — more than all
the world’s cars, trucks, ships, planes, and trains
combined
 Cumulative Energy Costs over a century
$40,000 ADDITIONAL
$35,000
Additional
COSTS? costs?
$30,000
$1400 Trillion
Equal to 28 years at
$25,000
today’s $50 trillion GWP • Price Volatility from rapid global
Billion $

$20,000 demand
$15,000 • Oil wars
$10,000 • Disruption of supplies
$5,000
• Price Shocks from weather-
$- triggered disasters
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
Year • Oil spills, toxic contamination,
Cumulative
70
consumption 100 yrs & Damages hazardous wastes, radioactive
60
waste long-term disposal
>> $1200Trillion • Acid rain and urban smog health
TeraWatt-years per year (TWyr)

50

Climate damages impacts on people and food

40
systems
30
• Lost opportunities
20
• TIPPING POINTS
10 2600 TW-yrs cumulative carbon fuels
• IRREVERSIBLE DISRUPTIONS
0
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101
Years
 CO2 Abatement potential & cost for 2020

Breakdown by abatement type

• 9 Gt terrestrial carbon (forestry/agriculture)
• 6 Gt energy efficiency
•4 Gt low-carbon energy supply
Zero net cost counting efficiency savings. Not counting the efficiency savings the
incremental cost of achieving a 450 ppm path is €55-80 billion per year between 2010–2020 for
developing countries and €40–50 billion for developed countries, or less than 1 % of global GDP, or
about half the €215 billion per year currently spent subsidizing fossil fuels.
 Geological storage (CCS) vs U.S. fossil Electricity CO2
Ecological storage (REDD) mitigation cost annually
Carbon Mitigation Cost (2.4 GtCO2 in 2007)
$ per ton CO2
Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS)
$50
$45 ~$100 billion
$40 ~3 ¢ per kWh
$35
$30
$25 Reduced Emissions Deforestation
$20 & Degradation (REDD)
$15
$10
~$18 billion
$5
~0.5 ¢ per kWh
$- 0
CCS REDD
Source: Michael Totten, REDD is CCS NOW, December 2008
U.S. fossil Electricity in 2007 $7.50 per ton CO2
2.4 billion tons CO2 emissions 1/2 cent per kWh

$18 billion/yr REDD trade

Poverty reduction
Prevent Species loss

A Awin-win-win
win-win-win
Tropical Deforestation 2007 outcome
outcome
13 million hectares burned
7 billion tons CO2 emissions
 investing in nature is a cost
By 2020 effective + immediate solution

Potential carbon market

project investment
(2020)
$150 billion
forest + land use
$30 billion
By protecting
forests we can
provide an effective
bridge to a low-
carbon economy.
Largest Corporate REDD Carbon Project to date

$4 million to protect the Tayna and

Kisimba-Ikobo Community Reserves in
eastern DRC and Alto Mayo conservation
area in Peru.
Will prevent more than 900,000 tons of
CO2 from being released into the
atmosphere.
Using Climate, Community & Biodiversity
Carbon Standards.
 Adopting Win-Win-Win PORTFOLIOS
Using portfolios of multiple-benefit actions to become
climate positive and revenue positive
Pervasive Information & Communication Technologies Key to Success
Ecosystem
Radical Energy Efficiency Ecological Green Power
Protection
PORTFOLIOS of Best Policies
1) RADICAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Pursue vigorous, rigorous & continuous
improvements that reap monetary savings, ancillary
benefits, & GHG reductions (same w/ water &
resources)
2) PROTECT THREATENED ECOSYSTEMS
Add conservation carbon offset options to portfolio
that deliver triple benefits (climate protection,
biodiversity preservation, and promotion of
community sustainable development)
3) ECOLOGICAL GREEN POWER/FUELS
Select only verifiable ‘green power/fuel’ that is both
climate-friendly and biodiversity friendly
 Green Economics is achieving
both Zero Net GHG emissions
AND Zero Net Ecological
Footprints

Ewing B. et al. 2009. The Ecological Footprint Atlas 2009. Global Footprint Network, www.footprintnetwork.org/
 Ecological Footprint by Country, 2006
Diversity of Portfolios of Shrink, Green & Offset Needed
for Domestic Markets and Global Trade

biocapacity
 Why USA and China Importing Resources

Footprint
exceeds
biocapacity

Ewing B., S. Goldfinger, A. Oursler, A. Reed, D. Moore, and M. Wackernagel. 2009. The Ecological Footprint Atlas 2009. Oakland:
Global Footprint Network., www.footprintnetwork.org/.
China ecological footprint

Ecological debt
Ecological reserve

Ecological footprint

biocapacity
 GREEN
ECONOMY
direction is
key

ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT
 Dozen Criteria of Green Energy Systems
Desirable attributes
1. Economically affordable Including poorest and cash-strapped?
2. Safe Over the entire life cycle?
3. Clean Through the entire lifespan?
4. Risk is low and manageable From financial and price volatility?
5. Resilient and flexible To volatility, surprises, miscalculations, human error?
6. Ecologically sustainable No adverse impacts on biodiversity?
7. Environmentally benign Maintains air, water, soil quality?
8. Fails gracefully, not catastrophically Adaptable to abrupt surprises/crises?
9. Rebounds easily/swiftly from failures Low recovery cost and lost time?
10.Endogenous learning capacity Intrinsic new productivity opportunities?
11.Robust experience curve for
reducing negative externalities and
amplifying positive externalities Scalable innovation possibilities?
12.Uninteresting target for malicious
disruption Off the radar of terrorists, military planners?
 Uninteresting military target
Delphi Scoring of Green Energy Robust experience curves
Technology by 12 Criteria Endogenous learning capacity
Rebounds easily from failures
Promote Fails gracefully, not catastro
Environmentally benign
CHP + Ecologically sustainable
biowastes
Resilient & flexible
Secure
Clean
Safe
Economically Affordable

Efficiency BIPV PV Wind CSP CHP Biowaste Geo- Nat Bio- Oil Coal Coal Coal to Tar Oil nuclear
power thermal gas fuels imports CCS no liquids sand shale
CCS
Universal symbol for Efficiency

eta
η
SHRINKING footprints through Continuous innovation
ELECTRIC MOTOR SYSTEMS
Now use 1/2 global power
50% efficiency savings achievable
90% cost savings
Solar Fusion Waste ARE Earth Nutrients –
Power in the Photon Bit stream
 A power source delivered daily and locally everywhere
worldwide, continuously for billions of years, never
failing, never interrupted, never subject to the volatility
afflicting every energy and power source used in driving
economic activity

Solar Fusion Waste as Earth Nutrients –

1336 Watts per m2 in the Photon Bit stream
Earth receives more solar energy
every 90 minutes than humanity
consumes all year
In the USA, cities and residences cover 56 million hectares.
100% of current U.S. power demand can be met simply by
applying photovoltaics (PV) to 7% of this area—on roofs,
parking lots, along highway walls, on sides of buildings, and
in other dual-use scenarios.
Urban solar would not have to appropriate a single hectare
of new land to make PV the nation’s primary energy source!
 20GW
Global Cumulative PV Growth 1998-2008
MW

40% annual growth rate

Doubling <24 months

Compared to:
Wind power 121,000 MW [158,000 in 2009]
Nuclear power 350,000 MW
Hydro power 770,000 MW
Natural Gas power 1 million MW
Coal power 2 million MW

2009
 Market Share Global PV Demand 2009-2013

Eric Wesoff, Milestone: 10 Gigawatts of PV in 2010, Greentech Media, June 9, 2010, www.greentechmedia.com/, citing chart by
Shayle Kann.
Ken Zweibel. 2009. Plug‐in Hybrids, Solar, & Wind, Institute for Analysis of Solar Energy, George Washington University,
zweibel@gwu.edu , http://Solar.gwu.edu/
 Solar PV module ASP and cost outlook through 2010
(c-Si and CdTe)

Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. 2010. Solar Photovoltaic Industry 2010 global outlook, February 8, 2010. ASP= Average Selling Price
 Solar power beats thermal plants within their
construction lead time—at zero carbon price

Source: Amory Lovins, RMI2009 from Ideas to Solutions, Reinventing Fire, Nov. 2009, www.rmi.org/ citing SunPower analysis
GIS Mapping the Solar
Potential of Rooftops

Germany's SUN-AREA Research Project Uses ArcGIS to calculate the possible solar yield per
building for the city of Osnabroeck.
 GIS Mapping the Solar
Potential of Urban Rooftops

100% Total Global Energy Needs -- NO NEW LAND,

WATER, FUELS OR EMISSIONS – Achievable this Century
Germany's SUN-AREA Research Project Uses ArcGIS to calculate the possible solar yield per building for city of Osnabroeck.
 Economics of Commercial BIPV
Building-Integrated Photovoltaics
Net Present Values (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratios (BCR) &
Payback Periods (PBP) for ‘Architectural’ BIPV (Thin
Film, Wall-Mounted PV) in Beijing and Shanghai
(assuming a 15% Investment Tax Credit)

Material Economic
Beijing Shanghai
Replaced Measure
NPV ($) +$18,586 +$14,237
Polished BCR 2.33 2.14
Stone PBP (yrs) 1 1
NPV ($) +$15,373 +$11,024
BCR 1.89 1.70
Aluminum
PBP (yrs) 2 2
SunSlate Building-Integrated
Photovoltaics (BIPV) commercial
building in Switzerland
Byrne et al, Economics of Building Integrated PV in China, July 2001, Univ. of Delaware, Center for Energy and Environmental Policy, Twww.udel.edu/ceep/T]
 Economics of Commercial BIPV

Reference costs of facade-cladding materials

BIPV is so economically attractive because it
captures both energy savings and savings from
displacing other expensive building materials.

Eiffert, P., Guidelines for the Economic Evaluation of Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Power Systems, International Energy Agency PVPS Task 7:
Photovoltaic Power Systems in the Built Environment, Jan. 2003, National Renewable Energy Lab, NREL/TP-550-31977, www.nrel.gov/
Municipal Solar Financing – Long-Term, Low-Cost Financing
 Solar kWh per YEAR AVG YEAR TOTAL
30 yr TOTAL (kWh
JAN FEB MAR APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC (kWh/day (kWh/yr per
square meter 2 2 per m2)
per m ) m)

Paramaribo,
Suriname (Latitude 05º 49' 4.1 4.6 5.1 5.1 4.8 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.9 5.6 5.0 4.5 5.0 1821 54,641
N Longitude 55º 09' W)

@ 10% PV eff m2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 182 5,464
@ 50% PV eff m2 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.5 911 27,320

10%eff Delivered
$ 40 $ 1,202
Cost $0.22 per kWh

10%eff Delivered
$ 25 $ 765
Cost $0.14 per kWh

Suriname solar levels

 Paramaribo Solar PV panels
Paramaribo 10% eff solar
solar District electric for 100% %
Suriname Urban Solar area million District total pv panel
kWh per consumption Paramaribo Paramaribo
Potential (km2) m2 solar (million (kWh per
m2/year (million kWh per District electricity District area
kWh per yr) yr/m2)
year) (millions m2)

Paramaribo District 163 163 1,500 182 8.2 5%

1,821 296,823
 $2+ Trillion Global Savings Potential, 51 gigatons CO2 Reduction

100 m2

Hashem Akbari Arthur Rosenfeld and Surabi Menon, Global Cooling: Increasing World-wide Urban Albedos to Offset CO2, 5th Annual California Climate Change
Conference, Sacramento, CA, September 9, 2008, http://www.climatechange.ca.gov/events/2008_conference/presentations/index.html
Natural Daylight
 Efficacy daylight vs artificial light

Incandescent fluorescent daylight

12
lumens per Watt
66
lumens per Watt
125
lumens per ft 2

horizontal surface

Relative Efficacy of Light Sources (Ratio of Number of Lumens of Light Energy per Watt of Power or Rate of Heat Energy Supplied). Source:
Daylighting Design in Libraries. 2005, by Edward T. Dean, AIA , Libris Design Project, supported by the U.S. Institute of Museum and Library
Services, http://www.librisdesign.org/docs/DaylightDesignLibs.pdf .
 www.wbdg.org/
Whole
Building
Design
Guide

Passive Solar Cooling

Passive Solar Heating
Natural Ventilation
Solar Daylighting
 Towards Zero Net Energy &
Emission Buildings

The Costs and

Public library – North Carolina
Financial Benefits of
Green Buildings, A
Report to California’s
Sustainable Building
Task Force, Oct.
2003, by Greg Kats
et al.

$500 to $700
per m2 net
present value
Oberlin College
Heinz Foundation Ecology Center,
Green Building, PA Ohio
CA
Solar PV Charging stations Electric Bicycles/Scooters
Suriname has offshore wind speeds of 8 to 10 meters per second at 100
meters height. A 3.6 MW turbine in a 9 m/s wind speed, operating 50% the
time, will generate 6 million kWh per year. About 200 wind turbines would
generate all of Suriname’s current electricity consumption.
 SURINAME Suriname 3.6 MW
coastline nautical
territorial sea km/nm territorial wind
(km) miles (nm)
waters sea (km2) turbine size

coastal offshore 9 m/s avg

386 12 1.825
area 8,453 @ 100 m
Potential turbines
(spacing 500
33,814
meters)
Turbines for 10X
current Suriname
2000
power
consumption
Percent territorial
waters for 10X
6%
current power
consumption
 OFFSHORE WIND FARM Million Percent Total 720 MW 720 MW
INVESTMENT £/MW Capex (£ Millions) ($ Millions)
Wind turbine generators
(WTG), which make up
1.5 47% £ 508 $ 645
around 47% at £1.5m per
MW.
Foundations, which make
up around 22% at £0.7m 0.7 22% £ 111 $ 141
per MW
Electrical infrastructure,
which makes up around 0.6 19% £ 82 $ 104
19% at £0.6m per MW
Planning & development
costs, which make up the
0.4 12% £ 35 $ 44
remaining 12% at £0.4m
per MW

TOTAL £ 735 $ 934

Source: Ernst & Young. 2009. Cost of and financial support for offshore wind, A report for the
Department of Energy and Climate Change, UK, 27 April 2009, URN 09D/534
 Financial new investment by technology,
2009, and growth on 2008, $billion

New investment volume adjusts for re-invested equity. Total values include
estimates for undisclosed deals. * Includes CCS (carbon capture & storage)
Source: UNEP and Bloomberg New Energy Finance. 2010. Global Trends in Sustainable Energy Investment 2010, Analysis of Trends
and Issues in the Financing of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
Universal symbol for Efficiency

eta
η
SHRINKING footprints through Continuous innovation
 KEY POLICY – UTILITY IRP+DECOUPLING

Aligning utility and customer financial interests to

capture the vast pool of end-use efficiency, onsite
and distributed energy and water service
opportunities.

Dr. Art Rosenfeld Amory Lovins Ralph Cavanagh

(IRP) Integrated Resource Planning ranks and prioritizes all end-use efficiency, customer
onsite resource opportunities and supply expansion options according to least cost & risk
 “Decoupling” & Integrated Resource Planning key to
harnessing End-Use “Efficiency Power Plants”
For delivering least-cost & risk electricity, natural gas & water services

USA minus CA & NY

Per Capital
Electricity 165 GW
Consumption Coal
Power
New York Plants
California
[EPPs]
Californian’s have
net savings of
$1,000 per family

Utility’s Earnings Go Up even as

Revenues Go Down
Customers’ Bills Go Down even as
Rates Go Up
 nuclear coal CC gas wind farm CC ind bldg scale recycled end-use
cogen cogen ind cogen efficiency
Amory Lovins & Imran Sheikh, The Nuclear Illusion, May 2008, www.rmi.org
 How much coal-fired electricity can be displaced by investing one dollar
to make or save delivered electricity

nuclear coal CC gas wind farm CC ind bldg scale recycled end-use
cogen cogen ind cogen efficiency
Amory Lovins & Imran Sheikh, The Nuclear Illusion, May 2008, www.rmi.org
 Coal-fired CO2 emissions displaced per dollar spent on
electrical services

nuclear coal CC gas wind farm CC ind bldg scale recycled end-use
cogen cogen ind cogen efficiency
Amory Lovins & Imran Sheikh, The Nuclear Illusion, May 2008, www.rmi.org
 More Retail “Efficiency Power Plants” Less
Need for Coal Mines & Power Plants
Less Coal Power Plants

Less Coal Rail Cars

Less Coal Mines

 CFL factories displace Power plants

The $3 million CFL factory (right) produces 5 million

CFLs per year. Over life of factory these CFLs will
produce lighting services sufficient to displace several
billion dollars of fossil-fired power plant investments
used to power less efficient incandescent lamps.

source: A. Gadgil et al. LBL, 1991

LED lamps
Evan Mills, GROCC Demonstration Project: Affordable, High-Performance Solar LED Lighting Pilot via the Millennium Villages Project, http://eetd.lbl.gov/emills
http://www.lightingafrica.org/
 High-E Windows displacing gas pipelines
Full use of high performance windows in the
USA could save the equivalent of an Alaskan
pipeline (2 million barrels of oil per day), as
well as accrue over $15 billion per year of
savings on energy bills.
Finance
Regulation
HOW? Learning
Sharing

[EPPs]
Web Network Mesh Template for Prototyping Green Dev.
= hyperlink to Mesh resources

Knowledge Needs Knowledge tools

CLICKS AWAY
Web access, share,
add, distribute,
produce, collaborate
around shared vision
Imperative
 What Makes This
Possible?

•Digital Technology
• Internet networks
• Web applications
• Smart Phones &
Handhelds
1 day of Internet traffic
 5000 days ago Pre-Web 5000 days from now
Pre-Commercial Internet Global Cloud Network

Kevin Kelly, Next 5000 days of the Internet, TED talk, 12-20-08, www.ted.org/talks/kevin_kelly_on_the_next_5_000_days_of_the_web.html
 5 billion cell
phone users

In 2010
UN says
A day of Wikipedia activity
 Zoom in of
Wikipedia activity
 The WIKIPEDIA Collective Intelligence MODEL:
In 6 years and with only 6 paid employees
Catalyzed a value-adding creation now 10 times larger than the
Encyclopedia Britannica
Growing, Updated, Corrected daily by 100,000 volunteer editors
and content authors
Translating content into 150+ languages, and
Visited daily by > 5% of worldwide Internet traffic.
Size of a printed version of Wikipedia within 72 months (2001-2007)

Open Source & Global Access by Mobile Phones & Handhelds

The Flickr Universe
Launched in 2004 – Over 3 billion by 2008
 Social
Collaboration
building a
Shared Vision
 Collective
Intelligence
emerging
from Shared
Vision
Architecture of Participation
 Utility of expert & collective with
increasing complexity

Norman L. Johnson, Science of Collective Intelligence: Resources for change, in chapter in Mark Tovey (ed.). 2008. Collective
Intelligence, Creating a Prosperous World at Peace, www.earth-intelligence.net.
How to fast-track greener cities
Global E-Sustainability Initiative
IMPLEMENTING 10 IT SOLUTIONS TO SAVE 1 GIGATON CO2
10 IT SOLUTIONS TO TRANSFORM TO GREEN ECONOMY
Economics of the moment
Wealth & well-being over a life time
Value of Life on Earth, Priceless
The Guiana Shield (GS) is one of the most important
centers of species richness on the planet.
 Bioprospecting ecosystem wealth
Using bioinformatic tools
 One-quarter all medical drugs used
in developed world from plants.
 Cortisone and first oral
contraceptives derived from Central
American yam species
 Pacific yew in western US yielded
anti-cancer drug taxol
 Vincristine from the Rosy Periwinkle
in Madagascar
 Drug to prevent blood clotting from
snake venom
 Active ingredient aspirin synthesized
from willow trees.
 Bioprospecting ecosystem wealth
Using bioinformatic tools
Biomolecules prospected from
different bioresources for
medicinal, therapeutic and other
agriculturally important compounds

 Biomolecules for Industrial and

Medicinal Use
 Novel Genes/Promoters To Address
Biotic And Abiotic Stress
 Genes for Transcription Factors
 Metabolic Engineering Pathways
 Nutritional Enhancement
 Bioavailability of Elements
 Microbial Biodiversity
 Life Sciences Open Source Collaboration

Stephen M. Maurer, Arti Rai, Andrej Sali. 2004. Finding Cures for Tropical Diseases: Is Open Source an Answer? PLOS Medicine,
December , Volume 1,| Issue 3, www.plosmedicine.org/
 Food, Fuel, Fiber, Feed,
Species Tradeoffs?
By 2100, an additional 1700 million ha of
land required for agriculture.
800 MILLION HA OF ADDITIONAL LAND FOR
MEDIUM GROWTH BIOFUEL SCENARIOS.
Intact ecosystems and biodiversity-rich
habitats under constant threat.
 Michael Totten
Conservation International
mtotten@conservation.org
THANK
YOU!