List of Experiments

1. Study of MAYA software

2. Study of FLASH software
3. Creating a Flash Banner
4. Creating animation with Flash:
a. Creating a ghost (unshaped) 2D object
b. Creating animation with moving objects
c. Adding sound to the animation (with play button )
5. Creating a game using action script
6. Creating a flash based presentation (4/5 frames) with UI controls
7. Study of VLC player, its setting, streaming and non streaming
techniques.
8. Study of VRML
9. Creating a 3D object using 2D and show special effects for the same

Substitute your steps wherever the text is blue or

missing.
 LAB MANUAL
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM DESIGN
Sem – VIII

B.E. Computer

RAMRAO ADIK INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY
 EXPERIMENT - 1

Study of MAYA software

AIM: To study the MAYA animation software in brief

THEORY:

Introduction:

Maya is the 3-D animation software that provides a number of tools for
creating complex characters and animations. Maya's powerful feature set gives us
the flexibility to create any kind of animation. The functionality of the Maya software
can be extended with the use of MEL (Maya embedded language). MEL can be used
to customize the user interface and write scripts and macros.
Maya can create objects, lights, cameras and textures. Any object, light,
camera, or just any entity can be animated by changing the value of its parameters
in time. We can use Maya, to create effects or animations or movies, commercials,
architectural animation and forensic animation.

Interface:

Maya user interface looks provides a large number of functions and the scope to
add more functions to the user interface which provides the real flexibility to the
program. Along with the common functions there are set of functions dedicated to a
more specific task like modeling, texturing, animation, rendering etc. The default
Maya user interface can be divided into the following sections.

• Main Menu Bar

Tools and items are accessible from pull down menus located at the top of
the user interface. In Maya, menus are grouped into menu sets. These menu
sets are accessible from the Main Menu bar.

• Status Line
The Status Line, located directly below the Main Menu bar, contains a variety
of items, most of which are used while modeling or working with objects
within Maya. Many of the Status Line items are represented by a graphical
icon. The icons save space in the Maya interface and allow for quick access to
tools used most often.

• Shelf
It contains different tools and commands which are used to organize
commonly used functions and tools into groups. Different shelves can be
 created for different functions like modeling, animation, texturing etc with the
required tools for each function.

• Tool Box
Maya Tool Box contains common tools as well as layout buttons for changing
views and layouts. The tool box contains:
- Select tool to select a particular object or a group of objects together.
- Lasso tool is used to draw a free hand border around the objects to be
selected.
- Move, Rotate and Scale tools are used for transforming objects in Maya.
- Soft Modification tool is used to select the sub-object elements and modify
them by
moving, rotating or scaling in a way that the neighboring sub-objects also
get affected
by this deformation with the effect being an inverse of distance from the
primary
selected sub-objects.
- Last Selected tool section shows the last used tool for easy access.
- Single Perspective view button lets you view the workspace as a single large
view from a single perspective.
- Four Views can be used to view the workspace in four sections with each
section containing the three orthographic views top, side and front and a
perspective view respectively.
Other combination options below these tools are used to divide the
workspace into different section in such a way that one section contains the
view of the scene and other contains an animation or rendering editor so that
you can edit the attributes and watch the results simultaneously.

• Workspace
The Workspace displays by default in a perspective window or panel. The
purpose of using workspace is to view your scene. The workspace can be
divided into sections to accommodate the orthographic and perspective
views of the scenes as well as the different editors for animation, texturing
and rendering etc.

• Panel Menus
Every view panel has a common set of menus at the top.

• Time Slider & Range Slider

The Two Sliders are for controlling the frames in your animation. The Time
Slider includes the playback buttons and the current time indicator. The
Range slider includes start and end times and allows animators to focus on a
specific part of the animation.

• Command Line
The command Line lets you enter the MEL (Maya embedded Language)
commands to perform various functions. The left side is where you can type
MEL commands and the right half displays system responses, error
messages, and warnings.
 • Help Line
Like several other applications, you can look at the help line for descriptions,
instructions, and other useful information. While a tool is selected, the
helpline gives out a brief description for "how to" and "what for".

• Channel box
The Channelbox is on the right side of the screen. In this menu you will find
all the properties of selected objects, and you can change those properties. If
you apply a certain command on an object, Maya will remember this. This is
called the history of an object and that is also shown here.

• Layer editor
It helps in working with different layers in an animation. Objects can be
placed in different layers and can be edited using this tool.

Components:

1. Fluid Effects
A realistic fluid simulator effective for simulating smoke, fire, clouds and
explosions.
2. Classic Cloth
Cloth simulation to automatically simulate clothing and fabrics moving
realistically over an animated character.
3. Fur
Animal fur simulation similar to Maya Hair. It can be used to simulate other
fur-like objects, such as grass.
4. Hair
A simulator for realistic-looking human hair implemented using curves and
Paint Effects. These are also known as dynamic curves.
5. Maya Live
A set of motion tracking tools for CG matching to clean plate footage.
6. nCloth
nCloth is the first implementation of Maya Nucleus, Autodesk's simulation
framework. It gives the artist further control of cloth and material simulations.
7. nParticle
nParticle is addendum to Maya Nucleus toolset. nParticle is for simulating a
wide range of
complex 3D effects, including liquids, clouds, smoke, spray, and dust.
8. MatchMover
This enables compositing of CGI elements with motion data from video and
film sequences.
9. Composite
It is an interactive node based film composing solution.
10. Camera Sequencer
 Camera Sequencer is used to layout multiple camera shots and manage them
in one animation sequence.

Maya Embedded Language:

Maya has its very own cross-platform scripting language called Maya
Embedded Language. MEL is used not only for scripting, but also as a means to
customize the core functionality of the software, since much of the tools and
commands used are written in it. Code can be used to engineer modifications, plug-
ins or be injected into runtime. Outside these superficial uses of the language, user
interaction is recorded in MEL, allowing even inexperienced users to implement
subroutines.

CONCLUSION:
 EXPERIMENT - 2

Study of FLASH software

AIM: To study the Flash software in detail.

THEORY:

Introduction:

Flash is a drawing and animation package designed to work with vector

graphics. It creates animations which can include sounds, music and interactivity,
and which are optimised for use on the web. Hence, the files it produces are small
and designed for streaming. Furthermore, all the elements which form part of a
flash movie are embedded within the movie. This means that, unlike a standard
web page which relies on the fonts and resources on the client machine, as long as
the user has the flash player installed, the movie will play exactly as you design it.
The default file extension for a Flash file is .fla. Flash movie files can also be
published in .htm, .swf, .jpg, .exe, .png or as a projector file.

Layout:

 Toolbox:
The toolbox contains all tools necessary for drawing, viewing, colouring and
modifying your objects. Each tool in the toolbox comes with a specific set of options
to modify that tool. The diagram below outlines the grouping of tools.

1. Arrow tool:
It is used to select a single or a group of objects.

2. Lasso tool:
It is used to select objects by drawing either freehand or straight-edged
selection area.

3. Text tool (“A”):

It is used to include custom text with various options like selecting a font,
colour, style, etc.

4. Line tool:
It is used to draw a line with options of line width and style.

5. Oval tool:
It is used to draw an oval object. Ovals can be filled with colours and outlines
can be customized.

6. Rectangle tool:
It is used to draw a rectangular object.

7. Pencil tool:
The Pencil tool is used to draw lines, shapes or freehand forms. The pencil
tool has three modifiers: straighten, smooth and ink. Flash straightens or
smoothens the freehand drawing made by this tool.

8. Brush tool:
The Brush tool allows you to draw brush-like strokes for creating special
effects, including calligraphic effects and paintings with an image. The brush
tool has the following modifiers: paint options, fill colour, gradient, brush size,
brush shape, lock fill.

9. Paint Bucket tool:

It is used to change the colour of the existing paint and fill empty areas
surrounded by lines.

10. Inkbottle tool:

It allows to stroke lines and shapes with only solid colours but no with no
gradients or bitmaps.

11. Eraser tool:

It erases lines and fills. It can also erase selected items such as only lines or
only fills, etc.

Timeline:
The timeline indicates what frame you are at and also indicates the number of
frames in your movie. Within the timeline you will find layers - you can have any
number of layers within a movie and it is within these layers that you put your
graphics, text, and sounds.

Work Area:

The Work Area is not viewable when you play your movie, so it is a place to work on
objects or if you want your objects to “fly in” to your movie then start them from the
Work Area.

Stage:

The Stage is where all viewable objects lie. Anything on the stage is seen by the
user and will be seen in the animation.

CONCLUSION:
 EXPERIMENT - 3

Creating a Flash Banner

AIM: To study the process of creating a custom banner in Flash.

THEORY:

Introduction:

A web banner can be a form of advertising on the World Wide Web that can
be placed onto a web page. It is intended to attract traffic to a website by linking to
the website of the advertiser. One way of creating a banner is using Flash banners
are often used as they can contain animation, sound, or video.

Steps for designing a simple Flash Banner:

1. Edit the dimensions of two images to 430 pixels wide by 180 pixels tall
with an image-editing program. Save and close the files and the
program.

2. Create a new Flash document with a frame rate of 22 frames per

second (fps) and the same dimensions as the images (430 px by 180
px).

3. Rename "layer 1" to "picture 1" in the timeline panel.

4. Select the first frame of "picture 1" and press "CTRL+R" to import an
image to the stage.

5. Align the image to the center of the stage using the "Align" panel
(CTRL+F3).

6. Click frame 80 of "picture 1" and add frames by pressing "F5."

7. Press "Insert layer" in the timeline panel and place the new layer
above "picture 1"; rename the new layer "line 1."

8. Draw rectangle 10 pixels wide by 20 pixels tall in the "line 1" layer and
align it to horizontal right and vertical center with the "Align" panel.

9. Insert a keyframe in frame 10 of "line 1" by pressing "F6."

10.Click the rectangle with frame 10 selected and select the "Free
Transform" tool from the "tools" panel. Click and drag the left
horizontal transform handle until it extends across the full width of the
stage.
 11.Click on frame 20 of "line 1" and insert a keyframe by pressing "F6."

12.Click on the rectangle and select the "Free Transform" tool. Click and
drag the lower-middle vertical transform handle and drag the rectangle
down until it reaches the bottom of the stage. Repeat this process with
the upper-middle vertical transform handle.

13.Right-click on frame 5 of "line 1" and choose "Shape Tween" from the
contextual menu. Repeat this process on frame 15.

14.Right-click on "line 1" in the "layer names" panel and choose "Mask"
from the contextual menu.

15.Insert a new layer above "line 1" and rename it "picture 2."

16.Select frame 60 of "picture 2" and press "F6," then "CTRL+R" to import
the second photo to the stage.

17.Center the new image on the stage using the "Align" panel.

18.Select frame 160 of "picture 2" and press "F5" to insert frames.

19.Insert a new layer above "picture 2" and rename it to "line 2."

20.Repeat steps 8 through 14; changing the starting alignment of the

rectangle to the upper-left corner of the stage instead of right center.

Steps for making the Banner clickable:

1. Insert a new layer above the existing layers and rename it "button."

2. Draw a rectangle with no stroke and the same dimensions as the stage
(430px X 180px).

3. Select the rectangle and press "F8" to convert it to a "Button" in the

"New Symbol" dialog box.

4. Enter the new button symbol by double-clicking the rectangle. Drag

the keyframe from "Up" to "Hit."

5. Click on "Scene 1" and select frame 160 of "button" and press "F5."

6. Select frame 1 of "button" and press "F9" to open the actionscript

panel.

7. Type the following in the actionscript panel:

on (release) {
getURL ("http://www.anylink.com","_blank");
}
 8. Press "CTRL+ENTER" to test the finished Flash Banner.

CONCLUSION:

EXPERIMENT - 4

Creating an Animation with Flash

AIM: To study the process of creating an animation with 2D objects,

motion and sound.

THEORY:

Introduction:

Flash allows us to create custom animations with still images, moving

objects, sound, text and special effects. Custom unshaped 2D objects (ghosts) can
be created by combining two or more predefined objects or by using freehand tool
such as the pencil tool.

A. Steps for creating an unshaped 2D object by combining predefined

objects:

There are 4 ways of combining objects, using the Combine Objects commands in
the Modify menu (Modify -> Combine Objects):

1. Union:
 It joins two or more flash drawing objects. Before union, there are two objects
which are united together into one single object.

2. Intersect:
It creates an object from the intersection of two or more drawing objects.

3. Punch:
It removes any part of a flash object which is overlapped by the top-most
object, and deletes the top-most object entirely.

4. Crop:
It keeps any part of an underlying flash object which overlaps with the
top-most object, and deletes the other portions of the underlying objects.

B. Creating animation with moving objects:

1. Set up the Stage.

Set your Flash project to a size appropriate to the animation you want by
choosing the menu Modify -- Movie from the menu bar, and then entering the
 appropriate numbers into the boxes. Background color can also be selected
now

2. Create your Objects.

You can create your own objects using various freehand and shape tools or
import image or graphic elements by choosing File -- Import; from the menu
bar. You can also add text.

3. Animate the Objects.

You can animate several aspects of an object:

• location: move the object from one place on the Stage to another.
• transparency: make the object fade in and out of the scene.
• rotation: make the object spin.
• size: make the object get bigger and smaller.

4. Animating Location.

When you create or import the object, it goes into frame 1 in the Timeline.
The steps to make the object animate are as follows:

1. Create or place the object on the Stage, where you want its animation to
start. It should show up in frame 1 on the timeline.
2. Choose Insert -- Convert to Symbol from the menubar, and convert the
object to a Graphic symbol.
3. Create a keyframe in frame 15, by selecting frame 15 in the timeline, and
then choosing Insert -- Keyframe from the menubar.
4. With the keyframe (frame 15) selected in the timeline, choose the black
arrow tool, and then move the object to where you want it to end its animation.
5. In the timeline, select frame 1.
6. Choose Insert -- Motion Tween from the menubar.
7. Use the Control menu to rewind, and then play the animation.
8. Watch the object move across the Stage.

C. Adding sound to the animation (with play button):

1. With Flash open, click "Menu->Import to Library."
2. Locate and select the audio file that you want to play in your Flash
movie.
3. Select the file and click "Import."
4. Create a new layer for the audio to keep your various functions
separate on the visible timeline.
5. Insert a blank keyframe on the new layer where you want the audio to
start. If you want the audio to stop after a certain number of frames,
insert another blank keyframe further down the timeline.
 6. In the "Properties" panel at the bottom of the screen, click the "Sound"
dropdown menu to expand a list of the available audio files in your
library.
7. Select the name of the audio file that you imported.
8. If you want to add sound effects, choose an effect (such as "Left
Channel" or "Fade Out") from the Effects dropdown menu.
9. Choose an option from the "Sync" dropdown menu, including "Event,"
"Start," "Stop," or "Stream."
10.Enter a value for how many times you want the audio to loop.

CONCLUSION:

EXPERIMENT - 5

Creating a Game using ActionScript

AIM: To study the process of creating a game in flash using

ActionScript.

THEORY:

Introduction:

Flash is widely used online for having banners, interactive menus, animation for
websites and so on. But one of its most popular use for creating small standalone
interactive games. Flash games can use different types of multimedia element are
generally not very system intensive.

ActionScript:

ActionScript 3.0 is an object-oriented language originally developed by

Macromedia Inc. It has the same syntax and semantics as JavaScript), and is used
primarily for the development of websites and software targeting the Flash Player
platform, used on Web pages in the form of embedded SWF files.

ActionScript was initially designed for controlling simple 2D vector animations made
in Flash. Initially focused on animation with very few interactivity features it has
evolved for adding functionalities allowing for the creation of Web-based games and
rich Internet applications with streaming media (such as video and audio).

Steps for creating “YOUR GAME’S NAME” game using ActionScript.

1.

2.

n.

CONCLUSION:

EXPERIMENT - 6

Creating a Flash Based Presentation with UI

Controls

AIM: To study the process of creating an animation with 2D objects,

motion and sound.

THEORY:
Introduction:

Flash is a popular platform independent format. Creating your presentations

in Flash enables you to playback your PowerPoint presentations without installing
any specialized software. Flash presentation can also be viewed in any internet
browser with flash plug-in. Generally, flash based presentations require lesser
space, hence, can be distributed easily. All types of multimedia components such as
images, graphics, video and audio can easily be incorporated in the presentation.
Also, flash based presentations can be made interactive.

Steps for creating a flash based presentation:

1.

2.

n.

CONCLUSION:

EXPERIMENT - 7

Study of VLC Player

AIM: To study the process of creating an animation with 2D objects,

motion and sound.

THEORY:
Introduction:

VLC media player is a free and open source media player and multimedia
framework written by the VideoLAN project. VLC is a portable multimedia player,
encoder, and streamer supporting many audio and video codecs and file formats as
well as DVDs, VCDs, and various streaming protocols. It is able to stream over
networks and to transcode multimedia files and save them into various formats. It is
a cross-platform media player, with versions for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, GNU,
Linux, BeOS, MorphOS, BSD, Solaris, iOS and eComStation.

It can play:

• MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 / DivX files from a hard disk, a CD-ROM drive,
and so on
• DVDs, VCDs, and Audio CDs
• From satellite cards (DVB-S)
• Several types of network streams: UDP/RTP Unicast, UDP/RTP Multicast, HTTP,
RTSP, MMS, etc.
• From acquisition or encoding cards (on GNU/Linux and Windows only)

VLC can also be used as a streaming server.

Interface Elements:

File Menu

File menu is used for opening files and media.

Quick Open File Open a file quickly from your computer

This option essentially gives you the opportunity to open any
Open File kind of media from a disc, across the net, or from your
computer.
Open Directory This will open a directory and play each file one after the other.
Open Disc Open a disc. This can be a DVD, audio CD, VCD etc
Open network Open a file on the internet (usually a live stream).
Stream
Open Capture If you have a webcam or other camera/sound device, connected
Device to your computer then you can see/hear it via this option in
VLC.
Wizard This is used for creating streams, or converting media formats
(transcoding). This is really for the more advanced user.
Exit quit VLC
View Menu

The View menu allows you to see various VLC information windows.

If you have loaded many items to play in VLC then you can see
Playlist
and manage the playlist here.
Messages on the operations of VLC are displayed here including
Messages
useful error messages.
Stream and Media
Information about the media playing now.
Info
VideoLAN Manager - allows you to send several streams at once
VLM Control through vlc. This is really an advanced function and shouldn't
be attempted by those with weak hearts.

Settings Menu

All the settings and preferences are set here.

Switch VLC has more than one graphic user interface type and you can choose
Interface your favourite from this list.
Apart from the graphical interface, VLC can be controlled through many
Add other methods including through its very own webpage, and through the
Interface command line. To use these features you'll need to be a bit of an
'advanced' user.
Beyond the default interface you see when you open VLC there is an
Extended extended interface available with more options. These options allow you
GUI to control the color (brightness, hue, contrast etc) of the video played,
as well as the quality and volume of the audio.
Bookmarks Bookmark your media like you would bookmark a webpage with a web
browser.
Preference
All the preferences for every function.
s

Audio Menu

This allows you to control the audio played back when listening to a media
file. Nothing will appear in this menu unless something is being played back.

Video Menu
 This allows you to control the video played back when watching to a media
file - the most interesting feature is the full screen video mode. Nothing will
appear in this menu unless something is being played back.

Help

Basic information about VLC.

Streaming with VLC Media Player:

The easier way to start streaming with VLC is by using one of the graphical user interfaces:
wxwindows for Windows and GNU/Linux, the skinnable Windows and GNU/Linux interface or
the MacOS X native interface.

Streaming using the GUI

 A second way to set up a streaming instance using VLC is using Stream

Output panel in the Open... dialog of the wxWindows (Windows / GNU Linux),
skinnable (Windows / GNU Linux) and MacOS X interfaces.
 To stream the opened media, check the "Stream output" checkbox in the
"Open File/Disc/Network Stream/Capture Device" dialog and click on the
"Settings" button.
 Open file dialog - wxWindows interface

Output methods

 Play localy: display the stream on your screen. This allows to display the
stream you are actually streaming. Effects of transcoding, rescaling, etc...
can be monitored locally using this function.
 File: Save the stream to a file. The Dump raw input option allows to save the
input stream as it read by VLC, without any processing.
 HTTP: Use the HTTP streaming method. Specify the IP address and TCP port
number on which to listen.
 MMSH: This access method allows to stream to Microsoft Windows Media
Player. Specify the IP address and TCP port number on which to listen.
 UDP: Stream in unicast by providing an address in the 0.0.0.0 -
223.255.255.255 range or in multicast by providing an address in the
224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 range. It is also possible to stream to IPv6
addresses.
 RTP: Use the Real-Time Transfer Protocol. Like UDP, it can use both unicast
and multicast addresses.

Encapsulation method

Select an encapsulation method that fits the codecs and access method of your
stream, among MPEG TS, MPEG PS, MPEG 1, OGG, Raw, ASF, AVI, MP4 and MOV.
Transcoding options

Enable video transcoding by checking the "Video Codec" checkbox. Choose a codec
from the list. You can also specify an average bitrate and scale the input.

Enable audio transcoding by checking the "Audio Codec" checkbox. Choose a codec
from the list. You can also specify an average bitrate and the number of audio
channels to encode.

Miscellaneous options

Select methods to announce your stream. You can use SAP (Service Announce
Protocol) or SLP (Service Location Protocol). You must also specify a channel name.
The Mac OS X interface also allows you to export the description (SDP) file of a RTP
session using the internal HTTP or RTSP server of VLC, or as a file. This can be done
using the according checkboxes. The SDP URL text box allows you to give the url or
destination where the SDP file will be available.

CONCLUSION:
 EXPERIMENT - 8

Study of VRML

AIM: To study the basics of Virtual Reality Modeling Language.

THEORY:

Introduction:

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CONCLUSION:
 EXPERIMENT - 9

Creating a 3D Object using 2D Object and

show Special Effects for the same

AIM: To study the process of creating a 3D object using a 2D object

along with special effects.

THEORY:

Introduction:

 Flash is extensively used for creating different types of animations, presentations, games,
etc in 2D. However, flash does not support 3D but we can create the impression of 3D
objects using 2D objects There are many different degrees of 3D you can implement into
a Flash movie. This can range anywhere from a simple zoom in and out of a movie clip to
a completely drawn spinning 3D object.

 The basic 3D from a normal, static view revolves around the concept of perspective
scaling in which the position of the object in a 3D space is simulated using the position
and scaling of the object in the 2D space.

If there are more than one 3D objects then we have to make sure that together they all
correctly overlap each other to show correctly who's closest and 'on top'. This is the
adjustment of transposition or overlapping.

1.

Refer: http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flash/3d_animation.html

Special Effects:

http://tutorials.iwebtool.com/flash_special_effects.html

http://www.kirupa.com/developer/flash5/specialeffects.htm

.
.

n.
CONCLUSION: