Materi 03 - 2
Materi 03 - 2
1
Tujuan Kuliah
2
Outline Materi
3
Transmisi Paralel vs Serial
Dua jenis komunikasi yang sering digunakan saat ini:
Transmisi Paralel (Banyak jalur)
1. Data dikirim setiap satu pulsa clock (cepat)
2. Biasanya digunakan untuk jarak dekat:
Bulky dan mahal (banyak jalur I/O).
Rentan terhadap refleksi dan dapat terinduksi oleh noise.
Banyaknya devais I/O tidak memiliki data rate yang cukup tinggi untuk mendukung
transfer data secara parallel.
3. Serial
1. Serial dengan pengiriman setiap bit (lambat)
2. Setiap bit memerlukan satu pulsa clock
3. Secara umum digunakan untuk jarak jauh
4. Murah
4
Antarmuka Paralel
•Satu bit data ditransfer setiap satu pulsa clock (lambat tapi fleksibel).
• Serial Asinkron dapat diimplementasikan dengan jalur data saja.
–Masing masing perangkat membangkitkan clock clock sendiri2 (Baud Rate Generator).
–Jalur handshaking dapat digunakan untuk status sinyal devais.
• Antarmukan serial sinkron memiliki jalur clock tersendiri.
– Sinyal Clock dibangkitkan oleh devais master.
6
Tipical Stuktur Port I/O Serial
7
Mekanisme I/O Serial
Transmitter Receiver
8
Sub Sistem Serial
Transmitter + – Receiver
Data
Transmitter Receiver
11
Komunikasi Serial Asinkron
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
1 Asynchronous Byte
12
Komunikasi Serial Sinkron
Transmitter Receiver
CLK
13
Komunikasi Serial Sinkron
♦ Pada mode sinkron, transmitter dan receiver menggunakan clock bersama (sharing)
♦ Transmitter biasanya menyediakan sinyal clock tambahan yang terpisah dari data serial.
Clock
Transmitter Receiver
Data
14
Berdasarkan Mode Operasi Kanal
15
Konfigurasi Tradisional
16
Prinsip Kode Biner Serial
17
Komunikasi Serial Sinkron
18
Encoding Data “Manchester”
19 19
Serial Sinkron: Pemisahan sinyal Clock
21
UART : Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
22
Frame Data Asinkron
Idle time
23
Start and Stop Framing. Parity
24
Start, Stop and Parity Bits
25
Contoh
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 LSB
Idle
Stop Bit
Start Bit
LSB MSB
26
Contoh: menggunakan RS232
+15V
time
0V
Using RS-232
-15V
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Idle
Stop Bit
Start Bit
LSB MSB
27 27
Contoh
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
28
Data Speed dan Baud
29
Contoh
30
Standard RS-232
31
Antarmuka Komunikasi Data
32
MODEM
33
Modulasi Carrier (Analog)
34
Modulasi Carrier (Digital)
35
Modulasi Fase Diferensial
36 36
The RS-232 Standard
37
(1) The EIA-232 Electrical Specs
38
(2) The EIA-232 Mechanical Specs
39
Mechanical: The EIA-232 Cable
40
(3) Functional Specs
41
Cont … Functional Specs
42
Procedural Specification
43
(2) Functional/Procedural Specs
I. DSR (Data Set Ready) From DCE (i.e., Modem is ready)
II. RTS (Request to Send) DTE to DCE (i.e., DTE Wants to send info)
III. CLS (Clear to Send) ACK from DCE (i.e., Data may be transmitted now)
IV. Local Computer (i.e., DTE) sends data serially to modem.
V. Local Modem (i.e., DCE) modulates signal but before that sends a carrier
signal to remote modem.
VI. Remote Modem detects the carrier signal ring and asserts DCD to inform
remote DTE that a call arrived.
VII. DCD (Data Carrier Detect) Remote Modem (i.e., DCE) indicates that a
carrier frequency has been established.
VIII. Remote Modem (i.e., DCE) receives modulated data, demodulates it and
sends it to remote DTE.
44
Sequence of events occurred during data transmission over dedicated link
Local Remote
1. DCE asserts DSR
2. DTE asserts RTS
Time
3. DCE asserts CTS
45
Procedural Specification
Over the telephone line the modems will have to go through the
following phases:
1. Phase 1: Establishing the Connection
2. Phase 2: Data Transmission
3. Phase 3: Disconnection
The modem will require more signals to operate: GND, Tx, Rx, RTS,
CTS, DSR, DCD, …..
Computer Modem Modem Computer
(DTE) (DEC) (DEC) (DTE)
Tx Tx Tx Tx
Rx Rx Rx Rx
RING RING RING RING
Phone line
DCD DCD DCD DCD
CTS CTS CTS CTS
RTS RTS RTS RTS
DSR DSR DSR DSR
DTR DTR DTR DTR
GND GND GND GND
46
Sequence of events occur during data transmission over public phone line
Local (transmission side) Remote (receiving side)
time
Connection
establishment
phase 1. DTE asserts DTR
3. DCE detects the ring
2. DCE dials the and asserts RING
phone number
4. DTE asserts DTR
to accept the call
47
Sequence of events occur during data transmission (continued)
time
Local (transmission side) Remote (receiving side)
Data
transmission
phase
1. DTE asserts RTS
48
RS-232 Interface Standard: Summary