Singapore Labour Market 2010

LABOUR MARKET
2010
Manpower Research and Statistics Department

Singapore
March 2011
ISSN : 0219 - 2527

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the source is acknowledged. Request for extensive reproduction should be made to:
Director
Ministry of Manpower
18 Havelock Road #04-02
MOM Building
Singapore 059764
Republic of Singapore
Fax: 63171804
Email: mom_rsd@mom.gov.sg
MISSION
To provide timely and reliable

national statistical information on the labour market
to facilitate informed decision-making within the government and community-at-large
Statistical activities conducted by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department

are governed by the provisions of the Statistics Act (Chapter 317). The Act
guarantees the confidentiality of information collected from individuals and
companies. It spells out the legislative authority and responsibility of the Director,
Manpower Research and Statistics Department. Extracts of the Act are available in
the Department’s Internet website at www.mom.gov.sg/mrsd.
Labour Market, 2010
Contents
Page
NOTATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS vi
HIGHLIGHTS vii
LABOUR MARKET, 2010 1

Overview 1
Employment 1
Unemployment 7
Redundancy 13
Re-employment 18
Job Vacancy 20
Labour Turnover 22
Hours Worked 24
Earnings and Productivity 25
Employment Outlook 30
Concluding Remarks 31
STATISTICAL UPDATES A1
EMPLOYMENT
1.1 Employment A1
1.2 Companies’ Quarterly Employment Forecast by Industry A2
UNEMPLOYMENT
2.1 Unemployed Residents by Gender, Age and Educational Attainment A3
2.2 Resident Unemployment Rate by Gender, Age and Educational Attainment A4
REDUNDANCY
3.1 Workers Made Redundant by Industry and Occupational Group A5
3.2 Workers Made Redundant by Industry, Reasons for Redundancy and
Occupational Group A6
3.3 Retrenched Workers by Industry and Occupational Group A7
3.4 Early Release of Contract Workers by Industry and Occupational Group A8
4.1 Workers on Short Work-week or Temporary Lay-off by Sector and
iv
Labour Market, 2010
Contents (continued)
Page
RE-EMPLOYMENT
5.1 Proportion of Residents Made Redundant Who Are Re-employed Within 6
Months after Redundancy by Gender, Age, Educational Attainment and
Occupational Group Prior to Redundancy A10
5.2 Proportion of Residents Retrenched Who Are Re-employed Within 6 Months
after Retrenchment by Gender, Age, Educational Attainment and Occupational
Group Prior to Retrenchment A11
JOB VACANCY
6.1 Job Vacancies by Industry and Occupational Group A12
6.2 Job Vacancy Rate by Industry and Occupational Group A13
6.3 Job Vacancies and Job Vacancy Rate by Industry and Occupational Group A14
LABOUR TURNOVER
7.1 Average Monthly Recruitment Rate by Industry and Occupational Group A15
7.2 Average Monthly Resignation Rate by Industry and Occupational Group A16
7.3 Average Monthly Recruitment Rate and Resignation Rate by Industry and
HOURS WORKED
8.1 Average Weekly Paid Hours Worked Per Employee by Industry A18
8.2 Average Weekly Paid Overtime Hours Worked Per Employee by Industry A19
EARNINGS AND PRODUCTIVITY

9.1 Average (Mean) Monthly Nominal Earnings Per Employee by Industry A20
9.2 Average (Mean) Monthly Real Earnings Per Employee by Industry A21
9.3 Change in Labour Productivity by Industry (Over Corresponding Period of
Previous Year) A22
EXPLANATORY NOTES A23
v
Labour Market, 2010
Notations
- : nil or negligible
Q : Quarter
M : March
J : June
S : September
D : December
n.a. : not applicable/not available
No. : Number
P
: Preliminary
s.a. : seasonally adjusted
Abbreviations
CPF : Central Provident Fund

CPI : Consumer Price Index
DOS : Department of Statistics
EDB : Economic Development Board
excl : Excluding
GDP : Gross Domestic Product
LTU : Long-Term Unemployment/Long-Term Unemployed
Mfg : Manufacturing
MOM : Ministry of Manpower
MTI : Ministry of Trade and Industry
PMETs : Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians
Prod & Tpt Op, Cleaners & Labourers : Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers
Prof, Mgrs, Execs & Tech : Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians
SSIC : Singapore Standard Industrial Classification
UBC : Unit Business Cost
UEN : Unique Entity Number
ULC : Unit Labour Cost
vi
Labour Market Report, 2010
Highlights
 Supported by hirings for the year-end festivities, employment growth strengthened in

the fourth quarter of 2010 (33,900), after easing in the preceding two quarters (third
quarter: 20,500 and second quarter: 24,900) from the initial strong gains in the first
quarter of 2010 (36,500) and the fourth quarter of 2009 (37,500). For the whole of
2010, total employment growth was 115,900 or 3.9%, far exceeding the 37,600 or
1.3% in 2009.
 Unemployment remained low during 2010, after declining sharply in December 2009
from the recession high in September 2009. Over the quarter, the overall
unemployment rate rose slightly to a seasonally adjusted 2.2% in December 2010
from 2.1% in September 2010. Among the resident labour force, the seasonally
adjusted unemployment rate was unchanged at 3.1%. With the strong economic
recovery, the unemployment rate averaged 2.2% (overall) and 3.1% (resident) in
2010, down significantly from 3.0% and 4.3% respectively in 2009. On average,
64,800 residents were unemployed in 2010, compared with 86,900 in 2009.
 Redundancies rose to 3,190 in the fourth quarter of 2010 from 1,930 in the preceding
quarter. Redundancies for the whole year totalled 9,800, down substantially from
23,430 in 2009 and 16,880 in 2008. This was the second lowest level hit, since the
start of the data series in 1998. Based on CPF records, slightly over half (51%) of
residents laid off in the third quarter of 2010 were re-employed as at December 2010.
The proportion decreased from 58% in September 2010, after rising from the low of
43% in June 2009.
 With the strong economy, job vacancies rose by 23% from 35,800 in December 2009
to 44,100 in December 2010. After dipping slightly over the quarter in September
2010, the seasonally adjusted job vacancies increased by 3.0% to a new high in
December 2010, since the comparable series started in March 2006. With a slight
increase in pool of job seekers, the ratio of job vacancies to unemployed persons
eased slightly to a seasonally adjusted 1.01 in December 2010 from 1.06 in
September 2010, after rising for six consecutive quarters from the low of 0.36 in
March 2009.
 Labour productivity grew over the year by 7.8% in the fourth quarter, higher than the
6.2% increase in the previous quarter. Driven by the robust output growth, labour
productivity increased by 11%, in 2010 after two years of decline (2009: -3.4% and
2008: -7.5%). Nominal earnings grew by 7.5% over the year in the fourth quarter of
2010. Weighed down by higher inflation in the fourth quarter, real earnings rose by
3.4%. Nevertheless, this was higher than the increase in the preceding three
quarters (third quarter: 2.1%, second quarter: 2.6%, first quarter: 2.8%). For the full
year of 2010, earnings rose by 5.6% (nominal) and 2.7% (real), after declining in
2009 (nominal: -2.6%, real: -3.2%)
vii
Labour Market, 2010
Overview
Bolstered by the robust economic performance, the labour market recovered strongly in
2010 from the impact of the 2009 recession. With the tighter job market, workers’ earnings
have risen. Labour productivity has also increased, driven by the strong output growth.
Employment
Employment creation picked up in the fourth quarter, after moderating in the

preceding two quarters
Supported by hirings for the year-end festivities, employment growth strengthened in the
fourth quarter of 2010 (33,900), after easing in the preceding two quarters (third quarter:
20,500 and second quarter: 24,900) from the initial strong gains in the first quarter of 2010
(36,500) and the fourth quarter of 2009 (37,500). For the whole of 2010, total employment
growth was 115,900 or 3.9%, far exceeding the 37,600 or 1.3% in 2009.
Services added 30,900 workers in the fourth quarter of 2010, more than the gains of 21,300
in the preceding quarter and 31,500 in the fourth quarter of 2009. On the other hand,
manufacturing employment fell for the third consecutive quarter (-1,200), while construction
employment grew slightly (900) after flat gains in the third quarter of 2010.
For the whole of 2010, services contributed the bulk of employment gains (111,000), almost
double that in 2009 (55,600). Construction employment grew by 2,500, down substantially
from the gains of 25,100 in 2009. This was mainly due to the completion of several large
building projects and fewer new projects coming on stream. Manufacturing employment
declined by 1,100, but this was much lower than the losses of 43,700 in 2009.
1
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 1: Employment Change by Sector
Quarterly
Number (‘000)
80
Total
60
Services
40
Construction
20
0 Manufacturing
-20
-40
Q406 Q107 Q207 Q307 Q407 Q108 Q208 Q308 Q408 Q109 Q209 Q309 Q409 Q110 Q210 Q310 Q410
Total 51.5 49.4 64.4 58.6 62.5 73.2 71.4 55.7 21.3 -6.2 -7.7 14.0 37.5 36.5 24.9 20.5 33.9
Manufacturing 10.9 10.1 15.9 12.4 10.9 11.8 10.1 4.6 -7.0 -22.1 -15.9 -6.4 0.7 3.1 -2.3 -0.7 -1.2
Construction 5.8 5.4 10.9 11.3 12.7 14.5 22.4 16.5 10.7 8.3 4.7 7.4 4.6 -0.4 2.0 - 0.9
Services 34.4 33.7 36.8 34.1 38.5 46.5 38.3 34.3 17.3 7.5 3.8 12.7 31.5 33.4 25.4 21.3 30.9
“–“ : Nil or negligible
Annual
Number (‘000)
250 Total
200
Services
150
100
Construction
50
0
Manufacturing
-50
-100
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Total 108.5 -0.1 -22.9 -12.9 71.4 113.3 176.0 234.9 221.6 37.6 115.9
Manufacturing 25.8 -15.2 -5.4 -5.0 27.0 29.1 41.6 49.3 19.5 -43.7 -1.1
Construction 1.1 -20.5 -34.3 -17.5 -9.1 8.7 20.5 40.4 64.0 25.1 2.5
Services 80.5 37.5 16.5 9.9 54.9 73.8 112.7 143.1 136.4 55.6 111.0
Note: Data for the three major sectors do not add up to the total as the latter includes Agriculture, Fishing, quarrying, Utilities
and Sewerage & Waste Management.
2
Labour Market, 2010
Table 1: Total Employment Change by Industry
In Thousands
Employment Change Total
Industry Employment
2009 2010
2009 2010 Level as at
Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Dec 10
Total 37.6 115.9 37.5 36.5 24.9 20.5 33.9 3,105.9
Manufacturing -43.7 -1.1 0.7 3.1 -2.3 -0.7 -1.2 537.9
Construction 25.1 2.5 4.6 -0.4 2.0 - 0.9 395.6
Services 55.6 111.0 31.5 33.4 25.4 21.3 30.9 2,152.9
Wholesale & Retail Trade 5.9 14.2 6.2 1.8 1.8 2.8 7.9 393.7
Transport & Storage -3.8 6.7 0.4 0.8 2.0 1.5 2.4 199.1
Hotels & Restaurants 1.7 12.7 6.5 -0.1 1.8 2.2 8.9 192.8
Information & Communications 2.6 7.6 0.9 1.7 2.6 2.3 0.9 97.5
Financial Services 3.4 15.7 4.0 5.5 3.2 4.5 2.6 172.0
Real Estate & Leasing Services 4.1 6.9 0.6 5.1 0.5 0.6 0.7 80.3
Professional Services 3.5 8.2 1.3 2.8 3.4 4.3 -2.3 182.8
Administrative & Support Services 5.2 12.5 3.6 3.6 4.6 1.9 2.3 185.3
Community, Social & Personal

32.9 26.5 7.9 12.3 5.4 1.3 7.4 649.5
Services
“–“ : Nil or negligible
Notes : (1) Data for the three major sectors do not add up to the total as the latter includes Agriculture, Fishing,
Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management.
(2) Data by industry from Q4 2010 onwards are not strictly comparable with earlier periods, due to the nation-
wide implementation of the Unique Entity Number (UEN) for enterprises.
(3) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.
Local1 Employment
Gains in local employment accelerated in 2010
In 2010, local employment grew by 56,200, exceeding the 41,800 gain in 2009. Mirroring
the pattern in total employment, services contributed nearly all of the gains in local
employment. As at December 2010, there were 1,992,700 locals in employment, forming
around two in three of the 3,105,900 persons employed in Singapore.
1
Locals (also known as residents) refer to Singapore citizens and permanent residents.
3
Labour Market, 2010
Foreign Employment
Foreign workforce grew, after declining in 2009
With the strong economic expansion and higher demand for manpower, foreign employment
increased by 59,700 in 2010, after declining by 4,200 in 2009. Excluding foreign domestic
workers, foreign employment rose by 54,400 in 2010.
The bulk of the increase in foreign workers in 2010 came from services (56,000), up from
2009 (10,400). Manufacturing shed fewer foreigners (-700) than in 2009 (-34,300). On the
other hand, construction added fewer foreign workers (4,100) than in 2009 (19,700).
As at December 2010, there were 1,113,200 foreigners employed in Singapore forming

35.8% of total employment. Excluding foreign domestic workers, the foreigners’ share of
employment was 31.4% in December 2010, up from 30.7% a year ago.
4
Labour Market, 2010
Table 2: Total Employment Change by Residential Status and Industry
In Thousands
Employment Change
Employment
Level as at
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Dec 10
Overall
Total 108.5 -0.1 -22.9 -12.9 71.4 113.3 176.0 234.9 221.6 37.6 115.9 3,105.9
Local 58.4 1.3 19.4 14.9 49.9 63.5 90.9 90.4 64.7 41.8 56.2 1,992.7
Foreign 50.1 -1.4 -42.3 -27.9 21.5 49.8 85.1 144.5 156.9 -4.2 59.7 1,113.2
Manufacturing
Total 25.8 -15.2 -5.4 -5.0 27.0 29.1 41.6 49.3 19.5 -43.7 -1.1 537.9
Local 4.8 -11.0 -4.2 -1.1 7.4 9.7 11.0 7.3 -4.6 -9.4 -0.5 276.1
Foreign 21.0 -4.2 -1.2 -3.8 19.6 19.4 30.6 42.0 24.1 -34.3 -0.7 261.9
Construction
Total 1.1 -20.5 -34.3 -17.5 -9.1 8.7 20.5 40.4 64.0 25.1 2.5 395.6
Local 1.7 -3.4 -3.4 1.4 -1.6 2.2 5.3 4.4 5.2 5.4 -1.5 122.4
Foreign -0.6 -17.1 -30.9 -18.8 -7.5 6.5 15.2 36.0 58.9 19.7 4.1 273.2
Services
Total 80.5 37.5 16.5 9.9 54.9 73.8 112.7 143.1 136.4 55.6 111.0 2,152.9
Local 50.8 17.8 26.8 15.0 45.7 50.4 73.7 77.2 63.1 45.2 55.0 1,578.4
Foreign 29.7 19.7 -10.3 -5.1 9.2 23.4 39.0 65.9 73.4 10.4 56.0 574.5
Notes : (1) Data for the three major sectors do not add up to the total as the latter includes Agriculture,
Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management.
5
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 2: Annual Employment Change by Residential Status
Number (‘000)
250 Total
200
Foreign
150
100 Local
50
-50
-100
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Total 108.5 -0.1 -22.9 -12.9 71.4 113.3 176.0 234.9 221.6 37.6 115.9
Local 58.4 1.3 19.4 14.9 49.9 63.5 90.9 90.4 64.7 41.8 56.2
Foreign 50.1 -1.4 -42.3 -27.9 21.5 49.8 85.1 144.5 156.9 -4.2 59.7
6
Labour Market, 2010
Unemployment
Unemployment remained low during 2010
Unemployment remained low during 2010, after declining sharply in December 2009 from
the recession high in September 2009. Over the quarter, the overall unemployment rate
rose slightly to a seasonally adjusted 2.2% in December 2010 from 2.1% in September
2010. Among the resident labour force, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate was
unchanged at 3.1%. There were 57,400 unemployed residents in December 2010. The
seasonally adjusted number was 64,300.
Chart 3: Unemployment Rate

(Seasonally Adjusted)
Rate (%)
6
1
D06 M07 J07 S07 D07 M08 J08 S08 D08 M09 J09 S09 D09 M10 J10 S10 D10
Overall 2.8 2.7 2.3 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.2 3.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2
Resident 3.8 3.7 3.1 2.4 2.5 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.9 4.6 4.5 4.8 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1
With the strong economic recovery, the unemployment rate averaged 2.2% (overall) and
3.1% (resident) in 2010, down significantly from 3.0% and 4.3% respectively in 2009. On
average, 64,800 residents were unemployed in 2010, compared with 86,900 in 2009.
7
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 4: Annual Average Unemployment Rate

Rate (%)
6
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Overall 2.7 2.7 3.6 4.0 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.1 2.2 3.0 2.2
Resident 3.7 3.7 4.8 5.2 4.4 4.1 3.6 3.0 3.2 4.3 3.1
Source: Labour Force Survey, Manpower Research and Statistics Department, MOM, except data for June 2000
and June 2005 which are from the Census of Population 2000 and General Household Survey 2005
conducted by Singapore Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry.
Note: Annual figures are the simple averages of the non-seasonally adjusted unemployment rates at quarterly
intervals.
On a non-seasonally adjusted basis, the resident unemployment rate decreased from 2.9%
in December 2009 to 2.7% in December 2010. The rate for below-secondary educated
residents fell over the year from 3.8% to 3.1% and from 2.4% to 2.0% for residents with
diploma & professional qualifications. The remaining education groups had the same
unemployment rate as a year ago. The unemployment rate improved for residents in their
30s and older, while remaining broadly stable for those younger.
8
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 5: Resident Unemployment Rate and Number by Age and Education

(Non-Seasonally Adjusted)
By Age
4.5% 4.6%
(19.7) (20.8)
2.9%
2.7% 2.7%
(59.8)
(57.4) 2.2% (28.2) 2.4%
(26.5)
(11.9) 1.9%
(10.1)
Total Below 30 30-39 40 & Over
By Education
3.8%
(17.8)
3.1% 3.1% 3.1%
2.9% 2.9% 2.9%
2.7% (15.0) (5.1) (6.4) 2.6% 2.6%
(59.8) (13.7) (13.1)
(57.4) 2.4% (14.7) (15.3)
(8.4) 2.0%
(7.5)
Total Below Secondary Secondary Post Secondary Diploma & Degree

(Non-Tertiary) Professional
Qualification
December 2009 December 2010
( ): Number of unemployed in thousands.
9
Labour Market, 2010
The long-term unemployment rate among residents improved from 0.7% in December 2009
to 0.6% in December 2010. The number and share of job seekers who had been looking for
work for at least 25 weeks also decreased from 13,900 or 23% of unemployed residents in
December 2009 to 12,300 or 22% in December 2010.
For the whole of 2010, long-term unemployment rate among residents averaged 0.7%, down
from 0.9% in 2009. On average, there were 13,700 residents who were long-term
unemployed, compared with 18,700 in 2009.
Long-term unemployment improved over the year across the broad age groups in December
2010. By education, the long-term unemployment rate declined for the lower-educated
groups, but rose slightly for those better educated. This resulted in most education groups
having a relatively similar long-term unemployment rate in December 2010, clustering within
a narrow band of 0.5% to 0.6%.
10
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 6: Resident Long-Term Unemployment Rate

Rate (%)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
D00 D01 D02 D03 D04 D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
LTU Rate 0.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6
Chart 7: Number and Share of Resident Long-Term Unemployed

Number (‘000) Share (%)
30 35
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0 0
D00 D01 D02 D03 D04 D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
LTU No. 10.5 24.8 23.4 21.4 21.3 13.2 15.1 8.7 12.9 13.9 12.3
LTU Share 19.6 26.8 26.4 22.6 27.8 20.6 21.7 19.6 18.4 23.2 21.5
Notes: (1) Long-term unemployed refers to those unemployed for at least 25 weeks.
(2) The share represents the long-term unemployed as a proportion of unemployed residents.
11
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 8: Resident Long-Term Unemployment Rate and Number by Age and Education
By Age
0.8%
0.7% 0.7% (8.0)
0.7%
(13.9) (2.9) (7.4)
0.6% 0.6%
(12.3) (2.6)
0.5%
(2.9)
0.4%
(2.4)
Total Below 30 30-39 40 & Over
By Education
0.9%
(4.2)
0.8%
(3.7)
0.7% 0.7%
(13.9) (1.2)
0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6%
(12.3) (3.1) (1.2) (2.3) (3.5)
0.5% 0.5% 0.5%
(2.3) (1.8) (3.1)
Total Below Secondary Post Secondary Diploma & Degree

Secondary (Non-Tertiary) Professional
Qualification
December 2009 December 2010
( ) : Number of long-term unemployed in thousands.
12
Labour Market, 2010
Redundancy
Redundancies in 2010 was significantly lower than the year before, despite an
increase in the fourth quarter
Fewer workers were laid off for the whole of 2010, despite an increase in the last quarter.
Redundancies rose to 3,190 in the fourth quarter of 2010 from 1,930 in the preceding
quarter, driven by higher layoffs in manufacturing (from 970 to 1,390), construction (from 140
to 680) and services (from 820 to 1,120). Redundancies for the whole year totalled 9,800,
down substantially from 23,430 in 2009 and 16,880 in 2008. This was the second lowest
level hit, since the start of the data series in 19982. The redundancies in 2010 comprised
7,740 workers retrenched and 2,070 whose contracts were terminated prematurely.
Chart 9: Redundancy
Quarterly
Number of Workers
13,000
12,000
11,000
10,000
9,000
8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
Redundancy 3,390 2,100 2,030 2,350 2,110 2,420 1,880 3,180 9,410 12,760 5,980 2,470 2,220 2,400 2,280 1,930 3,190
Early Release of Contract Workers 180 140 110 520 150 140 90 830 1,910 1,860 810 350 250 600 270 490 710
Retrenchment 3,220 1,960 1,920 1,830 1,970 2,270 1,800 2,350 7,500 10,900 5,170 2,110 1,980 1,800 2,010 1,440 2,480
2
2007 saw 8,590 workers made redundant.
13
Labour Market, 2010
Annual
Number of Workers
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2,007 2008 2009 2010
Redundancy 11,950 27,570 20,130 17,260 10,640 11,150 13,090 8,590 16,880 23,430 9,800
Early Release of Contract Workers 330 1,730 1,040 860 450 850 480 920 2,970 3,270 2,070
Retrenchment 11,620 25,840 19,090 16,400 10,190 10,290 12,600 7,680 13,920 20,160 7,740
Notes: (1) There is a break in the series as demarcated by the vertical dashed line. Before 2006, data pertain
to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, data also
include the public sector.
(2) Data are rounded to the nearest 10. Hence they may not add up to the total.
For the whole year, manufacturing saw a decline in redundancies (from 13,840 to 4,690),
mainly in electronic products (from 6,130 to 1,840), machinery & equipment (from 1,930 to
640) and transport equipment (from 1,540 to 500). Similarly, fewer workers were displaced
from services (from 8,550 to 3,810), led by declines from wholesale trade (from 2,430 to
930), financial institutions (from 1,770 to 580) and transport & storage (from 1,060 to 320).
However, construction experienced higher redundancies (from 950 to 1,300), mainly as
more workers were released early from their contracts (from 520 to 820).
Redundancies fell across the three broad occupational groups from 2009. Production &
related workers accounted for half (50% or 4,900) of the workers made redundant in 2010,
followed by PMETs (35% or 3,450) and clerical, sales & service workers (15% or 1,450).
14
Labour Market, 2010
Majority of residents laid off in 2010 were in their 30s (29%), 40s (33%) or above (28%).
Although half of them were previously holding PMET positions (51%), production & related
workers were more vulnerable to redundancy, as they accounted for a higher share of
residents laid off (28%) than their composition in the resident workforce (21%).
Table 3: Profile of Residents Made Redundant and Resident Employees

Per Cent
Residents Made Resident Employees
Characteristics
Redundant 2010 Jun 2010
Total 100.0 100.0
Gender
Males 55.4 52.4
Females 44.6 47.6
Age Group
Below 30 10.0 19.8
30 – 39 28.9 28.5
40 – 49 32.8 25.9
50 & Over 28.3 25.9
Educational Attainment
Below Secondary 19.7 20.9
Secondary 22.6 19.6
Post Secondary (Non-Tertiary) 8.7 11.3
Diploma & Professional Qualification 19.3 18.4
Degree 29.7 29.9
Occupational Group
Professionals, Managers, Executives &
51.4 51.7
Technicians
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 20.2 27.6
Production & Transport Operators,
28.5 20.6
Cleaners & Labourers
Notes: (1) Data on residents made redundant pertain to private sector establishments
each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
(2) Data on resident employees exclude full-time National Servicemen
15
Labour Market, 2010
Fewer workers were put on short work-week or temporary lay-off (from 410 to 340) in the
fourth quarter of 2010. This worked out to an average of 410 workers per quarter who were
put on short work-week or temporary lay-off during 2010, significantly lower than the 13,620
in 2009 and 2,220 in 2008. The majority of the workers (86% or 350) were placed on short
work-week, while the remaining (14% or 60) were laid-off temporarily.
Slightly over half (54%) of the workers on short work-week or temporary lay-off in 2010 were
from manufacturing, one third (34%) from services and another 12% from construction.
Production & related workers made up the majority (63%) of the workers, with the remaining
spread between clerical sales & service workers (19%) and PMETs (19%).
Chart 10: Number of Workers on Short Work-week or Temporary Lay-off
Quarter
Number of Workers
28,000
26,000
24,000
22,000
20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
Total 620 220 400 600 480 120 500 550 7,720 26,530 19,470 6,380 2,080 620 290 410 340
Temporary lay-off 40 70 40 40 40 30 30 110 1,090 5,360 880 280 120 90 20 70 60
Short work-week 580 150 360 560 450 80 480 430 6,630 21,170 18,590 6,100 1,960 530 260 340 280
16
Labour Market, 2010
Annual
Number of Workers
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Total 540 12,500 5,540 4,470 1,600 1,060 760 430 2,220 13,620 410
Temporary lay-off 170 760 570 460 200 70 160 50 320 1,660 60
Short work-week 370 11,730 4,980 4,020 1,400 1,000 600 380 1,910 11,950 350
Note: (1) There is a break in the series as demarcated by the vertical dashed line. Before
2006, data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25
employees. From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector.
(2) Data are rounded to the nearest 10. Hence, they may not add up to the total.
(3) Annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures.
17
Labour Market, 2010
Re-employment
Re-employment rate fell, after rising from low in June 2009
Based on CPF records, slightly over half (51%) of residents laid off in the third quarter of
2010 were re-employed as at December 2010. The proportion decreased from 58% in
September 2010, after rising from the low of 43% in June 2009. The decrease was
observed across occupation, educational attainment, age and gender.
Chart 11: Re-employment Rate of Residents Made Redundant

(Within Six Months After Redundancy)
Rate (%)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
M07 J07 S07 D07 M08 J08 S08 D08 M09 J09 S09 D09 M10 J10 S10 D10
Among retrenched workers 59.0 70.0 66.7 73.3 66.5 78.7 62.4 69.5 51.0 43.2 50.2 50.0 50.6 54.6 58.4 49.2
Among workers made redundant n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 43.3 50.9 52.1 50.0 54.7 58.1 50.8
n.a.: not available
Notes: (1) Data refer to re-employment rate as at end of quarter for the residents made redundant in the previous
quarter.
(2) Data pertain to residents made redundant from the private sector establishments each with at least
25 employees and the public sector.
It should be noted that re-employment data are cohort-specific. Two different cohorts of
workers laid off could yield different re-employment rates depending on the profile of the
workers involved. Also, the re-employment data based on CPF records do not capture
workers who enter into self or informal employment or undergo training while looking for a
job.
18
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 12: Re-employment Rate of Residents Made Redundant

(Within Six Months After Redundancy)
Per Cent
Sep 10 Dec 10
Total 58.1 50.8
Occupational Group
Prof, Mgrs, Execs & Tech (PMETs) 54.8 49.4
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 68.2 51.2
Prod & Tpt Op, Cleaners & Labourers 56.0 52.4
Educational Attainment
Below Secondary 53.5 43.2
Secondary 60.1 53.2
Post Secondary (Non-Tertiary) 57.4 44.3
Diploma & Professional Qualification 60.0 44.5
Degree 58.7 51.7
Age Group
Below 30 75.9 65.6
30-39 64.8 56.6

40-49 59.0 50.2
50 & Over 44.1 40.2
Gender
Males 59.8 49.6
Females 55.8 52.1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Sep 10 Dec 10
Note: Data pertain to residents who were made redundant by private sector establishments (each
with at least 25 employees) and the public sector in Q2 10/Q3 10, but were re-employed by
September 2010/ December 2010 respectively.
19
Labour Market, 2010
Job Vacancy
Job vacancies increased over the year
With the strong economy, job vacancies rose by 23% from 35,800 in December 2009 to
44,100 in December 2010. After dipping slightly over the quarter in September 2010, the
seasonally adjusted job vacancies increased by 3.0% to a new high in December 2010,
since the comparable series started in March 2006.
Chart 13: Job Vacancies
Number (‘000 )
50
40
30
20
10
0
Overall (Non s.a.) 33.3 35.7 39.2 38.8 40.8 40.9 42.3 40.4 27.4 22.9 26.1 36.9 35.8 37.3 45.1 50.2 44.1
Public (Non s.a.) 3.6 4.3 5.8 4.6 4.5 5.1 5.8 7.7 7.7 7.3 7.6 7.0 6.9 6.0 7.3 6.8 6.3
Private (Non s.a.) 29.8 31.4 33.4 34.2 36.3 35.9 36.6 32.7 19.7 15.6 18.5 30.0 28.8 31.3 37.8 43.4 37.8
Overall (s.a.) 34.8 37.2 37.9 36.6 42.5 43.4 41.7 37.0 28.6 24.6 26.1 33.1 37.3 40.3 45.4 44.6 45.9
Non s.a.: Non-seasonally adjusted; s.a.: Seasonally adjusted

Note: Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
20
Labour Market, 2010
Services generated three in four (32,900 or 75%) of the vacancies in December 2010.
These were mainly from community, social & personal services (9,200 or 21% of all
vacancies), wholesale & retail trade (4,300 or 9.8%), hotels & restaurants (3,500 or 8.0%),
administrative & support services (3,500 or 7.9%), transport & storage (3,000 or 6.8%) and
financial services (3,000 or 6.8%). Manufacturing contributed 7,200 or 16% and construction,
3,500 or 7.9% of the total vacancies.
Close to half of the openings were for PMETs (20,300 or 46%) while production & transport
operators, cleaners & labourers (12,300 or 28%) and clerical, sales & services workers
(11,500 or 26%) made up the rest.
Overall, job vacancies constituted 2.5% of the total manpower demand in December 2010.
This was up from 2.1% a year ago. Excluding seasonality, the job vacancy rate has
stabilised at 2.6% starting from June 2010, after rising from a low of 1.5% in March 2009.
Chart 14: Job Vacancy Rate

Rate (%)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Non-Seasonally Adjusted 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.4 1.7 1.4 1.6 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.7 2.8 2.5
Seasonally Adjusted 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.3 1.7 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.6
21
Labour Market, 2010
With a slight increase in pool of job seekers, the ratio of job vacancies to unemployed
persons eased slightly to a seasonally adjusted 1.01 in December 2010 from 1.06 in
September 2010, after rising for six consecutive quarters from the low of 0.36 in March 2009.
Chart 15: Ratio of Job Vacancies to Unemployed Persons

(Seasonally Adjusted)
Ratio
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
Ratio 0.77 0.81 0.95 1.23 1.39 1.30 1.02 0.87 0.52 0.36 0.38 0.51 0.82 0.90 1.04 1.06 1.01
Labour Turnover
Labour turnover increased over the year, amid more job opportunities
The monthly resignation and recruitment rates averaged 2.6% and 1.8% respectively in the
fourth quarter of 2010, higher than the corresponding 2.4% and 1.7% in the same period of
2009. After seasonal adjustment, both rates have broadly stabilised in the last two quarters
of 2010, after increasing from the low experienced in the second quarter of 2009 during the
recession.
Recruitment and resignation rates rose over the year for clerical, sales & service and PMET
employees, while remaining stable for production & transport operators, cleaners &
labourers. Labour turnover was generally higher in services, especially in retail trade,
restaurants and administrative & support services.
22
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 16: Average Monthly Recruitment and Resignation Rates
Average Monthly Recruitment Rate

Rate (%)
5
0
Average Monthly Resignation Rate

Rate (%)
5
0
Note : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
23
Labour Market, 2010
Hours Worked
Paid overtime has stabilised, after increasing from recessionary low
Paid overtime per employee averaged 3.7 hours a week in December 2010, unchanged from
a quarter ago, after increasing from the low of 3.1 hours in March 2009.
In December 2010, workers in construction clocked the longest paid overtime averaging 7.5
hours per week, followed closely by manufacturing at 7.2 hours. While services employees
on the whole had shorter paid overtime averaging 1.7 hours per week, those employed in
administrative & support services (5.5 hours) and land transport & supporting services (4.6
hours) put in longer hours.
Chart 17: Average Weekly Paid Overtime Hours Worked

Hours
6
0
Hours 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7
Note : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
24
Labour Market, 2010
Earnings and Productivity

Labour productivity recovered strongly, driven by robust GDP growth
Labour productivity grew over the year by 7.8% in the fourth quarter, higher than the 6.2%
increase in the previous quarter. Driven by the robust output growth, labour productivity
increased by 11% in 2010, after two years of decline (2009: -3.4% and 2008: -7.5%).
Labour productivity rose in most sectors, led by manufacturing (32%) and wholesale & retail
trade (12%), with information & communications (-3.4%) and business services (-0.9%)
being the only industries that saw declines.
Nominal earnings grew by 7.5% over the year in the fourth quarter of 2010. Weighed down
by higher inflation in the fourth quarter, real earnings rose by 3.4%. Nevertheless, this was
higher than the increase in the preceding three quarters (third quarter: 2.1%, second quarter:
2.6%, first quarter: 2.8%).
For the full year of 2010, earnings rose by 5.6% (nominal) and 2.7% (real), after declining in
2009 (nominal: -2.6%, real: -3.2%).
25
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 18: Change in Average (Mean) Monthly Earnings and Labour Productivity
Over Corresponding Period of Previous Year
% Quarterly
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
-14
-16
Labour Productivity 0.2 0.0 1.4 1.8 -2.7 -2.0 -7.0 -9.5 -11.2 -13.6 -4.1 0.9 3.5 13.9 15.3 6.2 7.8 P
Real Earnings* 2.4 5.6 7.4 3.6 0.1 3.7 -4.1 -0.9 -3.3 -6.9 -2.3 -2.8 -0.9 2.8 2.6 2.1 3.4
Nominal Earnings 3.1 5.5 8.5 6.9 4.3 10.6 3.1 5.5 2.4 -3.7 -2.2 -3.0 -1.6 3.7 5.8 5.4 7.5
P
preliminary
* deflated by CPI (2009=100)
Sources: Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry (Labour Productivity)
Derived based on data from Central Provident Fund Board (Nominal and Real Earnings)
Annual
%
12
10
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Labour Productivity 4.8 -4.6 5.7 5.9 7.4 2.9 2.0 0.1 -7.5 -3.4 10.7 P
Real Earnings* 7.4 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.9 3.0 2.2 4.0 -1.2 -3.2 2.7
Nominal Earnings 8.9 2.3 0.8 1.7 3.6 3.5 3.2 6.2 5.4 -2.6 5.6
P
preliminary
Derived based on data from Central Provident Fund Board (Nominal and Real Earnings)
26
Labour Market, 2010
Table 4: Labour Productivity and Real Earnings Growth

(Over Corresponding Period of Previous Year)
Per Cent
2009 2010
Industry Labour Real Labour Real
Productivity Earnings* Productivityp Earnings*
Total -3.4 -3.2 10.7 2.7
(Excl. Construction) -2.9 -3.4 11.0 2.9
Manufacturing 1.6 -0.3 31.9 4.6
Construction 4.0 2.4 2.9 2.7
Services -4.2 -4.0 5.4 2.3
Wholesale & Retail Trade -7.7 -1.3 12.1 0.9
Transport & Storage -9.3 -2.5 4.7 -1.8
Hotels & Restaurants -5.0 -3.3 3.9 0.1
Information & Communications -3.2 -1.6 -3.4 -1.1
Financial Services 2.3 -4.3 3.2 8.1
Business Services -0.4 -2.4 -0.9 -5.0
Community, Social & Personal Services -0.4 -8.0 8.9 8.2

P
preliminary
Derived based on data from Central Provident Fund Board (Real Earnings)
The overall unit labour cost (ULC) rose over the year by 1.8% in the fourth quarter of 2010,
smaller than the 2.8% increase in the previous quarter. For 2010, overall ULC fell by 2.7%,
after rising by 0.6% in 2009.
In manufacturing, the ULC declined by 11% in the fourth quarter of 2010, compared with the
0.5% reduction in the previous quarter. This contributed to a 2.9% fall in unit business cost
(UBC) for the sector in the fourth quarter of 2010. For the whole year, manufacturing ULC
fell by 16%, deeper than the 4.0% decline in 2009. This contributed to a decline in
manufacturing UBC by 4.9% in 2010.
27
Labour Market, 2010
Chart 19: Change in Cost Indices

(Over corresponding period of previous year)
Quarterly
%
30
20
10
-10
-20
-30
Q406 Q107 Q207 Q307 Q407 Q108 Q208 Q308 Q408 Q109 Q209 Q309 Q409 Q110 Q210 Q310 Q410P
Overall ULC 4.3 4.8 6.4 4.4 7.4 3.4 2.8 6.8 5.8 10.8 1.0 -4.5 -4.9 -7.8 -6.7 2.8 1.8
Mfg ULC 0.4 2.2 2.2 -0.6 10.9 -1.7 16.6 21.6 18.2 25.3 -9.6 -19.5 -10.9 -23.2 -24.6 -0.5 -11.0
Mfg UBC 1.2 0.7 1.1 0.6 5.8 4.4 12.1 14.1 14.1 8.5 -8.4 -12.8 -10.4 -11.1 -6.9 2.8 -2.9
P
preliminary
Source: Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry
Annual
20 %
15
10
-5
-10
-15
-20
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 P
Overall ULC 2.5 5.1 -3.7 -3.4 -3.9 1.4 1.5 5.8 4.7 0.6 -2.7
Mfg ULC -3.3 17.1 -9.1 -3.9 -8.3 -2.7 -2.8 3.7 13.1 -4.0 -15.8
Mfg UBC 0.9 9.3 -6.1 -1.6 -3.5 0.0 0.6 2.0 11.1 -5.9 -4.9
P
preliminary
28
Labour Market, 2010
Singapore’s unit labour cost for manufacturing relative to 16 other economies declined for
the second consecutive year in 2010. This mainly reflected a sharper decline in Singapore’s
manufacturing ULC compared to the other economies.
Chart 20: Relative Unit Labour Cost (RULC)

in Manufacturing Against Selected 16 Economies (2005=100)
Index
120
110
100
90
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
29
Labour Market, 2010
Employment Outlook
Overall employment outlook remained positive, though it has softened in services
In line with a softening in its business outlook, a net weighted balance of 15% of services
firms expect to expand headcount in the first quarter of 2011, lower than 21% in the fourth
quarter of 20103. Financial services (+38%) and amusement & recreation (+35%) were the
most optimistic. In manufacturing, a net weighted 10% of firms expect to increase
employment in the first quarter of 2011, up from 8% in the fourth quarter of 2010.
Chart 21: Companies’ Quarterly Employment Forecast by Industry

(Net Weighted Balance of Firms)
%
Net weighted
balance of firms
expecting
employment to
increase
Net weighted
balance of firms
expecting
employment to
decrease
3
A net weighted balance of 19% of firms in the services sector expect business conditions to improve in the first half of 2011,
as compared to 27% in the previous survey. The corresponding figures for manufacturing increased to 20% from 3% (Sources:
(a) Business Expectations for the Services Sector, First Quarter, 2011, Department of Statistics, MTI. (b) Business
Expectations for the Manufacturing Sector, First Quarter, 2011, Economic Development Board).
30
Labour Market, 2010
Concluding Remarks
Driven by the exceptional economic expansion, the labour market has recovered strongly in
2010. With many jobs created, unemployment remained low during the year, after declining
sharply in December 2009 from the recession high. The robust output growth has led to a
strong recovery in labour productivity, after two years of decline. This has helped to ease
cost pressures on businesses, even as workers’ earnings rose.
31
Statistical Updates
Labour Market, 2010
1.1 TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
In Thousands
Employment Change Total
Industry (SSIC 2005) 2010 Employment
2009
2008 2009 2010 Level as at
IV I II III IV Dec 2010
TOTAL 221.6 37.6 115.9 37.5 36.5 24.9 20.5 33.9 3 105.9
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 19.5 -43.7 -1.1 0.7 3.1 -2.3 -0.7 -1.2 537.9
C15-17 Food, Beverages & Tobacco 1.3 0.9 1.9 0.6 0.4 - 0.4 1.1 39.5
C22-23 Paper Products & Printing 0.7 -1.5 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.2 - 0.2 23.9
C24-26 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical 11.1 7.0 -3.5 1.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.1 -2.5 58.3
Products
C27 Rubber & Plastic Products -1.5 -2.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 - -0.1 -0.1 13.9
C30 Fabricated Metal Products 2.2 -3.2 0.5 - 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 30.2
C31 Machinery & Equipment -1.8 -5.7 2.3 -0.1 0.1 0.9 1.1 0.3 74.6
C32 Electrical Products 0.8 -0.4 0.2 - 0.1 - - 0.1 12.2
C33 Electronic Products -7.2 -12.4 5.6 1.0 1.8 1.1 1.2 1.5 96.9
C34 Medical & Precision Instruments 1.1 -0.2 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2 - 14.1
C35 Transport Equipment 10.3 -24.8 -9.9 -2.2 -0.4 -4.1 -3.4 -2.0 124.5
Other Manufacturing Industries 2.4 -1.5 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 49.8
F45 CONSTRUCTION 64.0 25.1 2.5 4.6 -0.4 2.0 - 0.9 395.6
G-V SERVICES 136.4 55.6 111.0 31.5 33.4 25.4 21.3 30.9 2 152.9
G50-51 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE 16.4 5.9 14.2 6.2 1.8 1.8 2.8 7.9 393.7
G50 Wholesale Trade 8.9 4.5 13.2 3.8 2.1 3.1 3.2 4.8 250.4
G51 Retail Trade 7.5 1.3 1.0 2.4 -0.2 -1.3 -0.5 3.1 143.3
H52-56 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 13.7 -3.8 6.7 0.4 0.8 2.0 1.5 2.4 199.1
H52, H552 Land Transport & Supporting Services 5.0 0.7 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 73.0
H53, H553 Water Transport & Supporting Services 3.5 -1.3 1.0 -0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 48.0
H54, H554 Air Transport & Supporting Services 1.4 -1.7 1.6 -0.3 -0.1 0.3 1.2 0.2 25.6
Other Transport & Storage Services 3.9 -1.6 2.6 0.2 - 1.0 -0.1 1.7 52.6
J58 HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS 16.9 1.7 12.7 6.5 -0.1 1.8 2.2 8.9 192.8
J581 Hotels 0.1 -0.4 3.9 2.0 0.1 1.2 0.8 1.7 32.4
J582 Restaurants 16.7 2.1 8.8 4.5 -0.3 0.6 1.3 7.2 160.3
K60-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS 5.7 2.6 7.6 0.9 1.7 2.6 2.3 0.9 97.5
K60-61 Broadcasting & Publishing 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.6 18.5
K62 Telecommunications 1.0 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 -1.0 20.4
K63 IT & Other Information Services 4.5 1.6 6.3 0.5 1.2 2.0 1.7 1.4 58.6
L65-66 FINANCIAL SERVICES 11.5 3.4 15.7 4.0 5.5 3.2 4.5 2.6 172.0
L65 Financial Institutions 10.5 2.7 14.7 3.9 5.1 2.8 4.2 2.6 145.3
L66 Insurance 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 - 26.7
M70-71 REAL ESTATE AND LEASING SERVICES 6.9 4.1 6.9 0.6 5.1 0.5 0.6 0.7 80.3
N73-76 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 18.1 3.5 8.2 1.3 2.8 3.4 4.3 -2.3 182.8
N73 Legal, Accounting & Management Services 6.8 3.1 5.1 0.9 1.7 1.6 2.9 -1.2 95.7
N74 Architectural & Engineering Services 6.8 0.2 0.9 - 0.5 0.9 0.4 -0.9 49.0
N75-76 Other Professional Services 4.5 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.9 -0.2 38.1
O78 ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT 11.1 5.2 12.5 3.6 3.6 4.6 1.9 2.3 185.3
SERVICES
P80-V99 COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL 36.1 32.9 26.5 7.9 12.3 5.4 1.3 7.4 649.5
SERVICES
P80, T94 Education & Public Administration 6.6 13.1 3.1 1.6 3.7 0.4 1.6 -2.6 206.0
Q85-86 Health & Social Services 6.6 7.3 10.5 1.0 1.9 2.3 1.3 5.0 92.6
R, S, U & V Other Community, Social & Personal Services 22.9 12.5 12.9 5.3 6.7 2.7 -1.6 5.0 350.9
OTHERS* 1.6 0.7 3.5 0.7 0.4 -0.2 - 3.3 19.5
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. Source: Employment Statistics, MOM
'-' : nil or negligible
Notes : Change in employment is the difference in the employment level at the end of the reference period
compared with the end of the preceding period.
Data by industry from Q4 2010 onwards are not strictly comparable with earlier periods, due to the
nation-wide implementation of the Unique Entity Number (UEN) for enterprises.
Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.
A1
1.2 EMPLOYMENT
COMPANIES' QUARTERLY EMPLOYMENT FORECAST BY INDUSTRY
Net Weighted Balance in Per Cent
2009 2010 2011
Industry
I II III IV I II III IV I
Manufacturing - 28 - 23 -9 0 0 + 10 +7 +8 + 10
Electronics - 46 - 39 -3 + 10 0 +9 + 12 +6 + 12
Chemicals - 12 -3 +1 +3 +6 +4 +8 + 10 + 14
Petroleum -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Petrochemicals -6 -1 0 +2 0 0 +1 + 42 + 45
Specialty Chemicals - 35 -7 -4 +8 +6 +2 +3 +4 +3
Biomedicals 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 +7 +1
Pharmaceuticals 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Medical Technology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 37 +4
Precision Engineering - 51 - 45 - 19 -2 +4 + 23 + 18 +4 +1
Transport Engineering - 16 -9 - 22 - 13 -4 + 11 0 + 13 + 30
General Manufacturing Industries - 12 - 17 -3 -7 -2 +2 +3 + 10 +1
Total Services Sector - 20 - 15 +4 + 16 + 11 + 20 + 21 + 21 + 15
Wholesale & Retail Trade - 19 - 16 +1 + 16 +4 + 13 + 21 + 20 + 13
Wholesale Trade - 16 - 17 +3 + 11 +6 + 16 + 22 + 16 + 16
Retail Trade - 26 - 13 -4 + 28 -3 +1 + 18 + 29 +4
Transport & Storage - 19 -9 + 11 + 15 + 27 + 23 + 17 + 14 + 17
Hotels & Catering - 33 -7 + 13 + 35 +5 + 45 + 25 + 52 + 11
Hotels - 34 -2 + 23 + 11 +3 +8 + 22 + 19 +3
Catering - 33 -9 + 10 + 44 +5 + 57 + 26 + 63 + 14
Information & Communications - 19 - 14 -2 +8 +7 + 12 + 14 +4 +5
Financial Services - 14 - 22 + 12 + 24 + 46 + 53 + 44 + 39 + 38
Banks & Finance Companies - 17 - 28 + 11 + 29 + 55 + 71 + 53 + 42 + 34
Stock, Share & Bond Brokers - 16 0 + 28 + 28 + 36 + 26 0 +9 + 41
Fund Management 0 - 25 0 + 11 + 11 + 17 + 44 + 45 + 64
Insurance Companies -7 -7 + 18 + 12 + 36 + 15 + 30 + 48 + 41
Other Financial Services - 20 - 19 0 + 16 + 23 + 23 + 25 + 11 + 42
Real Estate - 12 - 13 + 10 + 15 -7 +2 +8 +2 +6
Business Services - 17 - 22 -3 +7 +9 + 14 + 16 + 14 + 14
Amusement & Recreation n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. + 34 + 25 + 59 + 35

n.a. : not available Source: Survey of Business Expectations
Notes : Respondents are asked about expectations of employment in terms of the Manufacturing Sector, EDB
of directional change i.e. "up", "same" or "down". "Net weighted balance" Business Expectations Survey
is the difference between the weighted percentages of "ups" and "downs". for the Services Sector, DOS
A plus sign indicates a net upward trend and a minus sign denotes a net
downward trend.
A2
2.1 UNEMPLOYMENT
UNEMPLOYED RESIDENTS BY GENDER, AGE AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
In Thousands
2009 2010
Characteristics 2008 2009 2010
Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec
TOTAL 62.9 86.9 64.8 59.8 63.3 84.4 54.2 57.4
(66.6) (66.2) (65.5) (63.0) (64.3)
GENDER
Males 33.6 46.2 34.0 33.1 32.1 45.0 28.6 30.2
Females 29.3 40.7 30.8 26.7 31.2 39.4 25.5 27.2
AGE GROUP (YEARS)
Below 30 21.3 27.5 23.7 19.7 21.9 32.1 20.0 20.8
30 - 39 13.2 18.6 12.1 11.9 11.6 16.9 9.8 10.1
40 - 49 13.7 19.6 13.7 13.1 15.4 16.5 11.0 11.9
50 & Over 14.6 21.2 15.3 15.1 14.3 18.9 13.4 14.7
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Primary and Below 9.5 12.7 8.6 10.0 8.3 12.0 7.5 6.4
Lower Secondary 9.3 10.9 7.4 7.9 6.7 8.6 5.7 8.6
Secondary 15.2 22.3 14.8 13.7 15.9 17.2 13.2 13.1
Post-Secondary (Non-Tertiary) 6.7 8.2 7.8 5.1 7.6 11.5 5.6 6.4
Diploma & Professional Qualification 9.0 13.3 10.4 8.4 9.2 14.3 10.7 7.5
Degree 13.2 19.5 15.8 14.7 15.6 20.8 11.5 15.3

() seasonally adjusted Source : Labour Force Survey, MOM
Notes : Quarterly figures are as at end of quarter.
Annual figures are the simple averages of the non-seasonally
adjusted unemployment figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
A3
2.2 UNEMPLOYMENT
RESIDENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY GENDER, AGE AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Per Cent
2009 2010
Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec
TOTAL 3.2 4.3 3.1 2.9 3.1 4.1 2.6 2.7
(3.3) (3.2) (3.2) (3.1) (3.1)
GENDER
Males 3.0 4.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 3.9 2.5 2.6
Females 3.5 4.7 3.4 3.0 3.5 4.4 2.8 2.9
AGE GROUP (YEARS)
Below 30 5.2 6.7 5.5 4.5 5.1 7.6 4.7 4.6
30 - 39 2.6 3.6 2.3 2.2 2.3 3.2 1.8 1.9
40 - 49 2.7 3.8 2.6 2.5 2.9 3.2 2.1 2.3
50 & Over 2.9 3.9 2.7 2.8 2.5 3.3 2.3 2.5
Lower Secondary 4.3 5.3 3.6 3.9 3.1 4.6 2.7 3.9
Secondary 3.3 4.7 3.3 2.9 3.3 4.2 2.9 2.9
Degree 2.7 3.6 2.8 2.6 2.8 3.7 2.0 2.6

() seasonally adjusted Source : Labour Force Survey, MOM
Notes : Quarterly figures are as at end of quarter.
Annual figures are the simple averages of the non-seasonally
adjusted unemployment figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
A4
3.1 REDUNDANCY
WORKERS MADE REDUNDANT BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Number of Workers
2009 2010
2008 2009 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 16 880 23 430 9 800 2 220 2 400 2 280 1 930 3 190
INDUSTRY (SSIC 2005)
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 10 500 13 840 4 690 860 1 120 1 220 970 1 390
C15-17 Food, Beverages & Tobacco 70 10 20 - - 10 - 10
C22-23 Paper Products & Printing 210 190 110 50 10 80 30 -
C24-26 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical 180 230 180 20 50 70 40 20
Products
C27 Rubber & Plastic Products 710 690 350 - 110 10 20 210
C30 Fabricated Metal Products 940 1 210 710 90 50 390 100 180
C31 Machinery & Equipment 980 1 930 640 70 250 110 80 190
C32 Electrical Products 660 350 140 20 110 30 - -
C33 Electronic Products 5 380 6 130 1 840 290 430 230 440 740
C34 Medical & Precision Instruments 150 400 110 - 20 80 - 10
C35 Transport Equipment 830 1 540 500 310 50 170 250 20
Other Manufacturing Industries 380 1 150 100 10 50 40 - 10
F45 CONSTRUCTION 530 950 1 300 250 340 150 140 680
G-V SERVICES 5 810 8 550 3 810 1 080 940 920 820 1 120
G50-51 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE 1 480 2 610 1 160 310 320 280 220 350
G50 Wholesale Trade 1 390 2 430 930 300 290 250 160 230
G51 Retail Trade 90 180 230 20 30 20 60 110
H52-56 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 550 1 060 320 60 30 140 100 50
H52, H552 Land Transport & Supporting Services 70 60 60 10 10 20 20 -
H53, H553 Water Transport & Supporting Services 220 300 90 40 20 20 30 20
H54, H554 Air Transport & Supporting Services 140 420 110 - - 100 10 -
Other Transport & Storage Services 120 300 70 10 - 10 40 20
J58 HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS 170 210 130 80 50 - 20 60
J581 Hotels 30 60 - - - - - -
J582 Restaurants 140 160 130 80 50 - 20 60
K60-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS 550 680 400 60 140 90 100 70
K60-61 Broadcasting & Publishing 100 140 110 10 50 40 10 20
K62 Telecommunications 10 110 140 10 50 10 60 20
K63 IT & Other Information Services 430 430 150 30 50 50 20 40
L65-66 FINANCIAL SERVICES 1 440 1 830 620 280 200 170 80 170
L65 Financial Institutions 1 380 1 770 580 270 180 150 80 170
L66 Insurance 60 70 40 10 20 20 - 10
M70-71 REAL ESTATE AND LEASING SERVICES 70 140 150 10 10 40 40 60
N73-76 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 650 1 100 640 170 110 90 200 230
N73 Legal, Accounting & Management Services 240 490 280 80 40 50 90 110
N74 Architectural & Engineering Services 300 440 340 80 70 40 110 110
N75-76 Other Professional Services 110 180 20 20 - - 10 10
O78 ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT 450 680 130 110 30 20 40 40
SERVICES
P80-V99 COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL 450 240 260 10 40 90 30 100
SERVICES
P80 & T94 Education & Public Administration 110 100 50 - - - 20 30
Q85-86 Health & Social Services 160 20 30 - 20 10 - -
R,S,U & V Other Community, Social & Personal Services 190 130 170 - 20 80 10 80
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 50 90 - 40 - - - -
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Professionals, Managers, Executives & 6 200 9 570 3 450 1 030 840 840 640 1 130
Technicians
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 1 920 2 530 1 450 330 380 410 270 390
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & 8 770 11 330 4 900 860 1 190 1 030 1 020 1 670
Labourers
* Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM
Notes : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
Data are rounded to the nearest 10. Hence, they may not add up to the total.
A5
3.2 REDUNDANCY
WORKERS MADE REDUNDANT BY INDUSTRY, REASONS FOR REDUNDANCY
AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2010
Number of Workers
Reasons For Redundancy Occupational Group
Profes- Production
Recession/ Poor Reorgani- Product sionals, Clerical, &
Industry (SSIC 2005) Downturn Business/ High sation/ Line Was Managers, Sales & Transport
Others Total
In Business Costs Restruc- Discontin- Executives Service Operators,
Industry Failure * turing ued & Workers Cleaners &
Technicians Labourers
TOTAL 1 650 2 050 3 220 4 730 1 190 1 310 9 800 3 450 1 450 4 900
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 680 830 1 940 2 050 930 610 4 690 1 340 300 3 050
C15-17 Food, Beverages & Tobacco - - 20 10 - 10 20 10 10 10
C22-23 Paper Products & Printing 60 110 30 - 50 - 110 10 10 100
C24-26 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical - - - 150 30 10 180 90 10 80
Products
C27 Rubber & Plastic Products 70 190 80 70 190 - 350 80 20 250
C30 Fabricated Metal Products 40 100 60 670 - - 710 280 40 390
C31 Machinery & Equipment 110 180 110 170 90 180 640 170 20 450
C32 Electrical Products 10 10 10 120 - 10 140 40 20 80
C33 Electronic Products 80 70 1 350 770 390 380 1 840 600 100 1 140
C34 Medical & Precision Instruments - 100 160 10 80 - 110 20 10 70
C35 Transport Equipment 280 30 90 50 100 30 500 40 50 420
Other Manufacturing Industries 40 40 30 10 20 - 100 10 10 70
F45 CONSTRUCTION 390 640 490 260 30 120 1 300 150 100 1 060
G-V SERVICES 580 580 790 2 430 220 590 3 810 1 960 1 050 790
G51 Retail Trade 110 50 110 60 - 30 230 40 140 50
H52-56 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 20 50 140 190 50 - 320 90 140 100
H52, H552 Land Transport & Supporting Services - 10 60 10 10 - 60 10 10 30
H53, H553 Water Transport & Supporting Services 10 30 40 70 - - 90 50 10 30
H54, H554 Air Transport & Supporting Services - - 30 90 - - 110 10 100 -
Other Transport & Storage Services - 10 10 20 40 - 70 20 10 40
J58 HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS 60 60 140 10 - 40 130 20 100 20
J581 Hotels - - - - - - - - - -
J582 Restaurants 60 60 140 10 - 40 130 20 100 20
K60-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS 60 20 60 380 10 20 400 270 100 40
K60-61 Broadcasting & Publishing - 20 - 110 - - 110 90 30 -
K62 Telecommunications 50 - 50 100 10 10 140 40 60 30
K63 IT & Other Information Services 10 - 10 160 - 10 150 140 10 -
L66 Insurance 10 10 - 40 - - 40 10 30 -
M70-71 REAL ESTATE AND LEASING SERVICES 10 40 10 40 10 70 150 30 20 100
N73-76 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 130 120 30 300 - 180 640 350 30 250
N73 Legal, Accounting & Management Services 70 70 - 200 - 10 280 240 10 30
N74 Architectural & Engineering Services 60 50 20 80 - 180 340 100 20 220
N75-76 Other Professional Services - - - 10 - - 20 10 - -
O78 ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT 10 50 20 30 - 50 130 30 60 40
SERVICES
P80-V99 COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL 40 40 80 60 - 100 260 70 160 40
SERVICES
P80 & T94 Education & Public Administration - 10 10 30 - 30 50 30 10 10
Q85-86 Health & Social Services 20 - - 10 - - 30 - 30 -
R,S,U & V Other Community, Social & Personal 10 30 60 30 - 70 170 30 120 20
Services
A, B, D, E OTHERS** - - - - - - - - - -
* Not due to recession. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM
** Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewerage & Waste Management.
Notes : Establishments can indicate more than one reason for their redundancies.
Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
A6
3.3 RETRENCHMENT
RETRENCHED WORKERS BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Number of Workers
2009 2010
2008 2009 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 13 920 20 160 7 740 1 980 1 800 2 010 1 440 2 480
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 8 480 12 110 3 980 810 860 1 120 690 1 320
C15-17 Food, Beverages & Tobacco 50 10 20 - - 10 - 10
C22-23 Paper Products & Printing 210 190 110 50 10 80 20 -
C24-26 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical 180 220 180 20 50 70 40 20
Products
C27 Rubber & Plastic Products 700 610 350 - 110 10 20 210
C30 Fabricated Metal Products 790 950 610 80 30 340 80 170
C31 Machinery & Equipment 680 1 460 330 70 40 90 60 140
C32 Electrical Products 660 340 140 20 100 30 - -
C33 Electronic Products 4 210 5 790 1 810 290 390 230 440 740
C34 Medical & Precision Instruments 150 360 110 - 20 80 - 10
C35 Transport Equipment 510 1 080 230 270 50 140 20 20
Other Manufacturing Industries 340 1 090 100 10 50 40 - 10
F45 CONSTRUCTION 240 440 490 160 100 80 80 230
G-V SERVICES 5 170 7 530 3 270 980 850 810 680 930
G51 Retail Trade 70 160 220 10 30 20 60 110
H52-56 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 470 830 300 20 30 140 100 40
H52, H552 Land Transport & Supporting Services 20 50 50 - 10 20 20 -
H53, H553 Water Transport & Supporting Services 210 190 80 10 10 20 30 20
H54, H554 Air Transport & Supporting Services 130 370 110 - - 100 10 -
Other Transport & Storage Services 110 210 60 10 - 10 40 20
J58 HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS 150 190 120 60 50 - 20 60
J581 Hotels 30 60 - - - - - -
J582 Restaurants 120 130 120 60 50 - 20 60
K60-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS 490 610 390 50 140 90 100 70
K60-61 Broadcasting & Publishing 100 140 110 10 50 40 10 20
K62 Telecommunications 10 100 140 10 50 - 60 20
K63 IT & Other Information Services 380 370 140 30 40 50 20 40
L66 Insurance 60 70 40 10 10 20 - -
M70-71 REAL ESTATE AND LEASING SERVICES 70 70 30 - 10 - 10 10
N73-76 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 560 1 030 410 160 90 60 120 130
N73 Legal, Accounting & Management Services 220 460 280 80 30 50 90 110
N75-76 Other Professional Services 110 170 10 20 - - - -
O78 ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT 270 410 90 90 30 10 30 20
SERVICES
P80-V99 COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL 410 220 240 10 30 80 20 100
SERVICES
P80 & T94 Education & Public Administration 100 90 50 - - - 20 30
Q85-86 Health & Social Services 150 10 30 - 20 10 - -
R,S,U & V Other Community, Social & Personal Services 160 110 160 - 10 70 10 80
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 30 80 - 40 - - - -
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Professionals, Managers, Executives & 5 820 9 090 3 250 990 780 820 600 1 050
Technicians
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 1 790 2 240 1 280 300 310 400 240 340
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & 6 320 8 830 3 200 690 710 790 600 1 090
Labourers
Notes : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees
and the public sector.
A7
3.4 EARLY RELEASE OF CONTRACT WORKERS
EARLY RELEASE OF CONTRACT WORKERS BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Number of Workers
2009 2010
2008 2009 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 2 970 3 270 2 070 250 600 270 490 710
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 2 020 1 730 710 50 260 100 280 70
C15-17 Food, Beverages & Tobacco 20 - - - - - - -
C22-23 Paper Products & Printing - 10 - - - - - -
C24-26 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical 10 10 - - - - - -
Products
C27 Rubber & Plastic Products 10 80 - - - - - -
C30 Fabricated Metal Products 150 250 90 10 10 50 20 10
C31 Machinery & Equipment 300 470 310 - 210 20 30 50
C32 Electrical Products 10 10 - - - - - -
C33 Electronic Products 1 170 340 40 - 30 - - -
C34 Medical & Precision Instruments - 40 - - - - - -
C35 Transport Equipment 330 460 270 40 - 30 230 10
Other Manufacturing Industries 40 70 - - - - - -
F45 CONSTRUCTION 290 520 820 100 240 60 60 450
G-V SERVICES 640 1 020 540 100 100 110 150 190
G50-51 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE 140 230 80 10 30 20 20 10
G50 Wholesale Trade 110 200 70 - 30 10 20 10
G51 Retail Trade 30 30 10 - - - - 10
H52-56 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 80 240 30 40 10 10 10 10
H52, H552 Land Transport & Supporting Services 50 - - - - - - -
H53, H553 Water Transport & Supporting Services 10 110 10 40 10 - - -
H54, H554 Air Transport & Supporting Services 10 50 - - - - - -
Other Transport & Storage Services 10 80 10 - - - 10 10
J58 HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS 20 20 10 10 - - - -
J581 Hotels - - - - - - - -
J582 Restaurants 20 20 10 10 - - - -
K60-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS 60 70 10 - - 10 - -
K60-61 Broadcasting & Publishing - - - - - - - -
K62 Telecommunications - - - - - - - -
K63 IT & Other Information Services 50 60 10 - - - - -
L65-66 FINANCIAL SERVICES 30 30 20 - 10 10 - -
L65 Financial Institutions 30 30 10 - - 10 - -
L66 Insurance - - 10 - 10 - - -
M70-71 REAL ESTATE AND LEASING SERVICES - 70 120 - 10 40 30 50
N73-76 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 80 70 230 10 20 30 80 100
N73 Legal, Accounting & Management Services 20 20 10 - - - - -
N75-76 Other Professional Services - - 10 - - - - -
O78 ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT 180 270 40 20 - - - 30
SERVICES
P80-V99 COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL 40 30 20 - 10 - 10 -
SERVICES
P80 & T94 Education & Public Administration 10 10 10 - - - - -
Q85-86 Health & Social Services - 10 - - - - - -
R,S,U & V Other Community, Social & Personal Services 30 10 10 - 10 - - -
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 10 - - - - - - -
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Professionals, Managers, Executives & 380 480 200 50 60 20 40 80
Technicians
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 130 290 170 30 70 10 40 50
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & 2 450 2 500 1 700 170 480 240 410 580
Labourers
A8
4.1 WORKERS ON SHORT WORK-WEEK OR TEMPORARY LAY-OFF
WORKERS ON SHORT WORK-WEEK OR TEMPORARY LAY-OFF BY SECTOR
AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Number of Workers
2009 2010
2008 2009 2010
IV I II III IV
WORKERS ON SHORT WORK-WEEK OR

TEMPORARY LAY-OFF
TOTAL 2 220 13 620 410 2 080 620 290 410 340
SECTOR
Manufacturing 1 990 10 710 220 1 400 410 140 100 240
Construction 30 100 50 40 40 10 100 50
Services 190 2 800 140 630 170 140 210 40
Others* - 10 - - - - - -
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians 550 4 710 80 610 120 60 50 80
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 140 1 430 80 250 110 80 90 40
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers 1 530 7 480 260 1 210 390 150 270 220
WORKERS ON SHORT WORK-WEEK

TOTAL 1 910 11 950 350 1 960 530 260 340 280
SECTOR
Manufacturing 1 740 9 620 200 1 370 390 140 90 200
Construction 20 60 40 40 30 - 70 50
Services 150 2 270 110 550 120 130 180 30
Others* - 10 - - - - - -
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians 520 4 170 70 590 100 60 40 80
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 120 1 270 70 230 90 70 80 30
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers 1 270 6 520 220 1 130 340 140 220 170
WORKERS ON TEMPORARY LAY-OFF

TOTAL 320 1 660 60 120 90 20 70 60
SECTOR
Manufacturing 260 1 090 20 30 30 - 10 40
Construction 10 40 10 10 10 10 30 10
Services 40 530 30 80 50 10 30 10
Others* - - - - - - - -
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians 40 550 10 20 10 - 10 -
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 30 160 10 20 20 10 10 10
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers 260 960 40 80 50 10 40 50

Notes : Annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures.
It refers to the average number of workers on short work-week
or temporary lay-off per quarter.
Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
A9
5.1 RE-EMPLOYMENT
PROPORTION OF RESIDENTS MADE REDUNDANT WHO ARE RE-EMPLOYED WITHIN 6 MONTHS
AFTER REDUNDANCY BY GENDER, AGE, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
PRIOR TO REDUNDANCY
Per Cent
2009 2010
Characteristics 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 53.4 52.1 50.0 54.7 58.1 50.8
GENDER
Males 53.4 51.4 47.5 56.8 59.8 49.6
Females 53.3 53.1 53.1 52.0 55.8 52.1
AGE GROUP (YEARS)
Below 30 70.3 68.0 67.8 71.9 75.9 65.6
30 - 39 60.2 54.1 59.1 60.2 64.8 56.6
40 - 49 52.1 48.1 42.0 57.0 59.0 50.2
50 & Over 40.9 39.6 39.2 40.2 44.1 40.2
Primary and Below 43.4 54.5 50.5 44.6 44.7 33.7
Lower Secondary 55.1 55.4 46.3 56.2 62.4 55.6
Secondary 53.6 63.4 44.7 56.3 60.1 53.2
Post-Secondary (Non-Tertiary) 54.1 58.8 59.0 55.7 57.4 44.3
Diploma & Professional Qualification 55.2 52.8 52.9 63.5 60.0 44.5
Degree 53.3 47.3 50.8 51.8 58.7 51.7
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP PRIOR TO REDUNDANCY
Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians 51.9 45.1 49.8 53.6 54.8 49.4
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 58.9 63.1 54.1 61.9 68.2 51.2
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers 51.8 56.8 46.4 52.4 56.0 52.4
Notes : Quarterly figures show the re-employment rates as at end of the Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM and derived
quarter for the residents made redundant in the previous quarter. based on data from Central Provident Fund Board
Annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures.
Data pertain to residents made redundant by private sector
establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
A10
5.2 RE-EMPLOYMENT
PROPORTION OF RESIDENTS RETRENCHED WHO ARE RE-EMPLOYED WITHIN 6 MONTHS
AFTER RETRENCHMENT BY GENDER, AGE, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
PRIOR TO RETRENCHMENT
Per Cent
2009 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 69.3 48.6 53.2 50.0 50.6 54.6 58.4 49.2
GENDER
Males 67.9 48.5 53.6 49.4 48.9 57.3 60.1 48.2
Females 70.5 48.6 52.6 50.8 52.7 51.2 56.1 50.4
AGE GROUP (YEARS)
Below 30 77.4 59.2 70.8 64.4 68.1 75.0 76.0 64.0
30 - 39 73.3 52.2 59.8 53.1 59.2 60.4 64.6 55.0
40 - 49 70.5 48.2 52.4 48.5 42.7 57.7 59.6 49.5
50 & Over 59.8 37.9 40.4 39.2 40.1 39.1 44.7 37.6
Lower Secondary 68.8 53.0 54.7 58.6 45.1 56.3 62.7 54.8
Secondary 69.2 54.6 53.3 60.8 45.0 55.6 60.3 52.5
Degree 66.7 44.4 53.3 45.8 50.7 51.7 58.8 52.0
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP PRIOR TO RETRENCHMENT
Professionals, Managers, Executives & Technicians 68.1 44.8 52.0 45.1 50.5 53.6 54.9 49.1
Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 69.0 58.0 58.0 57.9 54.6 60.2 68.4 48.7
Production & Transport Operators, Cleaners & Labourers 70.5 50.9 52.0 56.1 46.5 55.3 56.5 49.8
Notes : Quarterly figures show the re-employment rates as at end of the Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM and derived
quarter for the residents retrenched in the previous quarter. based on data from Central Provident Fund Board
Data pertain to residents retrenched by private sector
establishments each with at least 25 employees and the public sector.
A11
6.1 JOB VACANCY
JOB VACANCIES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
In Thousands
2009 2010
2008 2009 2010
Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec
TOTAL 37.8 30.4 44.2 35.8 37.3 45.1 50.2 44.1
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 6.4 4.7 8.0 6.1 7.7 8.8 8.3 7.2
C15-17 Food, Beverages & Tobacco 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7
C22-23 Paper Products & Printing 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
C24-26 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3
C27 Rubber & Plastic Products 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3
C30 Fabricated Metal Products 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.4
C31 Machinery & Equipment 1.1 0.6 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.8
C32 Electrical Products 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
C33 Electronic Products 1.2 0.9 2.4 1.2 2.0 3.1 2.4 2.2
C34 Medical & Precision Instruments 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4
C35 Transport Equipment 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.7
Other Manufacturing Industries 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2
F45 CONSTRUCTION 3.0 1.8 2.7 1.9 2.1 1.9 3.3 3.5
G-V SERVICES 27.7 23.5 33.0 27.4 27.1 33.9 38.0 32.9
G50-51 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE 3.9 3.0 4.9 3.5 4.1 5.3 6.1 4.3
G50 Wholesale Trade 2.4 1.7 3.0 2.0 2.7 3.4 3.4 2.3
G51 Retail Trade 1.5 1.3 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.9 2.7 2.0
H52-56 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 2.6 1.7 3.1 2.1 2.7 3.7 3.1 3.0
H52, H552 Land Transport & Supporting Services 0.8 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.9 1.2
H53, H553 Water Transport & Supporting Services 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5
H54, H554 Air Transport & Supporting Services 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.1 0.7 0.7
Other Transport & Storage Services 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.6
J58 HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS 2.6 2.1 3.8 2.9 3.6 3.5 4.7 3.5
J581 Hotels 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.6 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0
J582 Restaurants 1.9 1.6 2.9 2.3 2.6 2.7 3.8 2.5
K60-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS 1.5 0.9 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.7 1.9
K60-61 Broadcasting & Publishing 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4
K62 Telecommunications 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3
K63 IT & Other Information Services 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.9 1.2
L65-66 FINANCIAL SERVICES 1.7 1.3 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.8 2.5 3.0
L65 Financial Institutions 1.3 1.1 2.2 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.1 2.5
L66 Insurance 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5
M70-71 REAL ESTATE AND LEASING SERVICES 1.0 1.0 1.9 1.1 1.0 1.7 2.7 2.1
N73-76 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 2.6 1.9 2.4 2.8 1.5 2.6 3.3 2.4
N73 Legal, Accounting & Management Services 1.0 0.9 1.4 2.0 0.8 1.5 1.8 1.3
N74 Architectural & Engineering Services 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7
N75-76 Other Professional Services 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.5
O78 ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT SERVICES 2.7 2.1 3.0 2.1 1.9 2.7 4.0 3.5
P80-V99 COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL SERVICES 9.1 9.5 9.5 9.6 8.6 10.2 10.1 9.2
P80 & T94 Education & Public Administration 6.6 7.0 6.5 6.8 5.8 6.9 7.0 6.4
Q85-86 Health & Social Services 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.4 1.5
R,S,U & V Other Community, Social & Personal Services 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.4
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Annual figures are the simple averages of the figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
A12
6.2 JOB VACANCY
JOB VACANCY RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Per Cent
2009 2010
2008 2009 2010
Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec
TOTAL 2.4 1.8 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.7 2.8 2.5
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 1.6 1.2 2.1 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.1 1.9
F45 CONSTRUCTION 1.6 0.8 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.4 1.4
G-V SERVICES 2.8 2.3 3.0 2.6 2.6 3.2 3.4 2.9
G51 Retail Trade 2.7 2.1 3.2 2.4 2.4 3.1 4.3 3.1
J581 Hotels 3.0 2.3 4.3 2.7 4.6 3.8 4.4 4.5
J582 Restaurants 3.0 2.3 4.0 3.3 3.7 3.9 4.9 3.4
L66 Insurance 3.9 2.2 3.0 2.0 2.3 3.2 2.7 3.8
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 3.0 1.7 2.1 1.7 1.9 2.4 2.1 2.0
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Annual figures are the simple averages of the figures obtained at quarterly intervals.
A13
6.3 JOB VACANCY
JOB VACANCIES AND JOB VACANCY RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2010
Occupational Group
Production &
Professionals,
Total Transport
Managers, Clerical, Sales &
Industry (SSIC 2005) Operators,
Executives & Service Workers
Cleaners &
Technicians
Labourers
Vacancies Vacancy Vacancies Vacancy Vacancies Vacancy Vacancies Vacancy
( ' 000 ) Rate (%) ( ' 000 ) Rate (%) ( ' 000 ) Rate (%) ( ' 000 ) Rate (%)
TOTAL 44.2 2.5 20.1 2.9 12.0 3.0 12.1 1.9
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 8.0 2.1 3.0 2.4 0.6 1.9 4.4 1.9
C22-23 Paper Products & Printing 0.2 1.7 - 1.8 - 1.5 0.1 1.8
C24-26 Petroleum, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Products 0.4 1.6 0.2 1.5 - 1.9 0.2 1.7
C27 Rubber & Plastic Products 0.2 2.0 0.1 2.1 - 1.3 0.2 2.0
C30 Fabricated Metal Products 0.6 1.6 0.1 1.4 - 1.5 0.4 1.7
C32 Electrical Products 0.1 1.7 - 1.4 - 1.1 0.1 1.9
C34 Medical & Precision Instruments 0.4 2.9 0.1 2.6 - 0.9 0.3 3.3
F45 CONSTRUCTION 2.7 1.2 0.8 2.2 0.2 1.3 1.7 1.0
G-V SERVICES 33.0 3.0 16.0 3.0 11.2 3.1 5.8 2.8
G51 Retail Trade 2.0 3.2 0.2 2.0 1.5 3.4 0.2 3.6
J581 Hotels 1.0 4.3 0.1 3.0 0.5 4.7 0.3 4.7
J582 Restaurants 2.9 4.0 0.2 2.5 2.1 4.0 0.5 5.1
K60-63 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS 1.6 2.7 1.4 2.9 0.2 1.8 - 1.6
K60-61 Broadcasting & Publishing 0.4 2.8 0.3 3.0 0.1 2.8 - 0.6
K62 Telecommunications 0.3 2.4 0.3 2.8 - 1.3 - 1.6
K63 IT & Other Information Services 0.8 2.8 0.8 2.9 - 1.4 - 4.4
L65-66 FINANCIAL SERVICES 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.5 0.4 2.2 - 1.6
L65 Financial Institutions 2.2 2.4 1.9 2.4 0.3 2.2 - 1.6
L66 Insurance 0.4 3.0 0.3 3.4 0.1 2.2 - -
N74 Architectural & Engineering Services 0.6 1.4 0.5 1.7 - 1.2 0.1 0.9
N75-76 Other Professional Services 0.5 2.7 0.4 2.6 0.1 4.4 - 0.8
P80-V99 COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL 9.5 3.8 7.4 4.2 1.5 2.9 0.6 2.8
SERVICES
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 0.5 2.1 0.3 3.0 - 1.4 0.1 1.4
A14
7.1 LABOUR TURNOVER
AVERAGE MONTHLY RECRUITMENT RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Per Cent
2009 2010
2008 2009 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 2.8 2.2 2.8 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.0 2.6
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.2 1.7
F45 CONSTRUCTION 3.7 2.5 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.5
G-V SERVICES 3.0 2.4 3.1 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.3 2.9
G51 Retail Trade 4.7 3.9 5.3 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 6.2
J581 Hotels 3.0 2.4 4.0 3.1 3.9 4.6 4.3 3.0
J582 Restaurants 5.2 4.2 5.0 4.9 4.2 4.7 5.2 5.8
L66 Insurance 2.5 1.9 2.6 1.6 1.9 2.6 3.2 2.8
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 3.0 3.0 2.7 4.0 2.6 2.2 3.1 2.8
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
A15
7.2 LABOUR TURNOVER
AVERAGE MONTHLY RESIGNATION RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
Per Cent
2009 2010
2008 2009 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.1 1.8
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.2
F45 CONSTRUCTION 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.6
G-V SERVICES 2.2 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.0
G51 Retail Trade 3.9 3.8 4.7 3.7 5.4 5.0 4.2 4.3
J581 Hotels 2.3 2.4 3.0 2.6 3.4 3.6 3.2 2.1
J582 Restaurants 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.0 4.6 4.1 4.7 4.3
L66 Insurance 2.0 1.5 1.9 1.4 1.4 2.1 2.1 1.9
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 2.3 2.0 2.7 2.2 2.9 1.6 3.6 2.9
OCCUPATIONAL GROUP
A16
7.3 LABOUR TURNOVER
AVERAGE MONTHLY RECRUITMENT RATE AND RESIGNATION RATE BY INDUSTRY
AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2010
Per Cent
Occupational Group
Total Professionals, Production &

Industry (SSIC 2005) Managers, Clerical, Sales & Transport Operators,
Executives & Service Workers Cleaners &
Technicians Labourers
Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation
TOTAL 2.8 2.0 2.2 1.4 4.0 3.1 2.7 2.1

C15-36 MANUFACTURING 2.0 1.5 1.9 1.3 2.7 2.3 2.0 1.6
F45 CONSTRUCTION 2.5 1.8 2.3 1.8 2.7 2.1 2.5 1.7
G-V SERVICES 3.1 2.3 2.3 1.4 4.2 3.3 3.5 2.7
G51 Retail Trade 5.3 4.7 2.2 1.9 6.3 5.6 3.9 3.3
J581 Hotels 4.0 3.0 3.1 2.7 4.3 3.3 4.0 2.9
J582 Restaurants 5.0 4.4 2.9 2.4 5.4 4.9 4.5 3.8
L66 Insurance 2.6 1.9 2.7 1.8 2.4 2.0 0.5 0.9
P80-V99 COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL 1.8 1.2 1.6 0.9 2.5 1.8 2.2 1.9
SERVICES
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 2.7 2.7 1.2 0.7 1.9 1.9 4.0 4.6
Note : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees
A17
8.1 HOURS WORKED
AVERAGE WEEKLY PAID HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY
Hours
2009 2010
Industry (SSIC 2005) 2008 2009 2010
Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec
TOTAL 46.3 46.0 46.2 46.2 46.2 46.3 46.3 46.2
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 50.2 49.4 50.5 50.4 50.5 50.8 50.3 50.5
F45 CONSTRUCTION 52.4 52.2 52.3 52.2 52.3 52.5 52.2 52.3
G-V SERVICES 43.5 43.3 43.4 43.3 43.4 43.3 43.5 43.5
G51 Retail Trade 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.2 43.6 43.6 44.3 43.4
J581 Hotels 45.3 44.9 45.4 45.2 45.1 45.4 45.5 45.8
J582 Restaurants 39.8 40.0 39.8 39.5 39.7 39.5 40.5 39.7
L66 Insurance 40.3 40.2 40.2 40.4 39.8 40.2 40.1 40.7
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 45.3 45.4 46.4 45.5 45.9 46.3 46.8 46.9

A18
8.2 HOURS WORKED
AVERAGE WEEKLY PAID OVERTIME HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY
Hours
2009 2010
Industry (SSIC 2005) 2008 2009 2010
Dec Mar Jun Sep Dec
TOTAL 3.8 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 7.0 6.2 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.6 7.2 7.2
F45 CONSTRUCTION 7.6 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.5 7.3 7.5
G-V SERVICES 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7
G51 Retail Trade 2.1 2.0 2.2 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.6 1.9
J581 Hotels 1.5 1.2 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8
J582 Restaurants 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.4
L66 Insurance 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.4 1.1
A, B, D, E OTHERS* 2.8 2.8 3.5 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.9 3.9

A19
9.1 NOMINAL EARNINGS
AVERAGE (MEAN) MONTHLY NOMINAL EARNINGS PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY
Dollars
2009 2010
Industry (SSIC 2005) 2008 2009 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 3 977 3 872 4 089 4 160 4 310 3 819 3 754 4 474
( 5.4) (-2.6) ( 5.6) (-1.6) ( 3.7) ( 5.8) ( 5.4) ( 7.5)
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 3 955 3 966 4 263 4 409 4 644 3 797 3 881 4 731
( 5.1) ( 0.3) ( 7.5) ( 1.9) ( 7.5) ( 7.1) ( 8.3) ( 7.3)
F45 CONSTRUCTION 2 861 2 948 3 113 3 053 3 409 2 920 2 876 3 248
( 8.1) ( 3.0) ( 5.6) ( 2.3) ( 6.2) ( 5.6) ( 4.0) ( 6.4)
G-V SERVICES 4 069 3 929 4 132 4 202 4 316 3 893 3 802 4 516
( 5.4) (-3.4) ( 5.2) (-2.4) ( 2.9) ( 5.6) ( 4.8) ( 7.5)
G50-51 Wholesale & Retail Trade 3 441 3 418 3 546 3 723 3 665 3 282 3 318 3 918
( 5.5) (-0.7) ( 3.7) (-0.1) ( 2.1) ( 2.4) ( 5.2) ( 5.2)
H52-56 Transport & Storage 3 989 3 914 3 953 4 094 4 080 3 643 3 728 4 362
( 5.1) (-1.9) ( 1.0) (-1.1) (-3.8) ( 0.9) ( 0.4) ( 6.5)
J58 Hotels & Restaurants 1 504 1 463 1 506 1 501 1 585 1 451 1 443 1 544
( 4.3) (-2.7) ( 2.9) (-1.3) (-0.1) ( 4.7) ( 4.8) ( 2.9)
K60-63 Information & Communications 5 304 5 253 5 338 5 458 5 173 5 488 5 056 5 633
( 5.7) (-1.0) ( 1.6) (-1.7) (-1.7) ( 3.7) ( 1.2) ( 3.2)
L65-66 Financial Services 7 153 6 890 7 656 6 803 9 127 7 155 6 868 7 472
( 5.7) (-3.7) ( 11.1) (-0.4) ( 11.3) ( 11.6) ( 11.7) ( 9.8)
M70-71 Real Estate & Leasing Services 3 513 3 273 3 051 3 416 3 197 2 763 2 838 3 405
( 4.7) (-6.8) (-6.8) (-6.1) (-15.5) (-9.0) (-0.7) (-0.3)
N73-76 Professional Services 5 004 4 957 5 003 5 423 5 186 4 777 4 716 5 334
( 8.0) (-0.9) ( 0.9) (-0.2) ( 3.1) ( 1.7) ( 0.9) (-1.6)
O78 Administrative & Support Services 2 418 2 344 2 529 2 418 2 663 2 422 2 380 2 652
( 2.1) (-3.1) ( 7.9) (-3.8) ( 8.8) ( 6.2) ( 6.6) ( 9.7)
P80-V99 Community, Social & Personal Services 4 168 3 857 4 292 4 389 4 175 4 008 3 811 5 176
( 2.3) (-7.5) ( 11.3) (-6.0) ( 5.5) ( 12.8) ( 8.0) ( 17.9)
Notes : Data pertain to all full-time and part-time employees who contribute to the CPF. Source: Derived based on data from
Data exclude all identifiable self-employed persons. Central Provident Fund Board
Figures in parenthesis refer to percentage changes over corresponding period of previous

year.
Data by industry from Q1 2010 onwards are not strictly comparable with earlier periods, due
to the nation-wide implementation of the Unique Entity Number (UEN) for enterprises.
A20
9.2 REAL EARNINGS
AVERAGE (MEAN) MONTHLY REAL* EARNINGS PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY
Dollars
2009 2010
Industry (SSIC 2005) 2008 2009 2010
IV I II III IV
TOTAL 4 001 3 872 3 978 4 143 4 263 3 733 3 631 4 285
(-1.2) (-3.2) ( 2.7) (-0.9) ( 2.8) ( 2.6) ( 2.1) ( 3.4)
C15-36 MANUFACTURING 3 979 3 966 4 147 4 391 4 593 3 712 3 753 4 532
(-1.5) (-0.3) ( 4.6) ( 2.7) ( 6.5) ( 3.8) ( 4.8) ( 3.2)
F45 CONSTRUCTION 2 878 2 948 3 028 3 041 3 372 2 854 2 781 3 111
( 1.4) ( 2.4) ( 2.7) ( 3.2) ( 5.2) ( 2.4) ( 0.7) ( 2.3)
G-V SERVICES 4 094 3 929 4 019 4 185 4 269 3 805 3 677 4 326
(-1.2) (-4.0) ( 2.3) (-1.6) ( 1.9) ( 2.3) ( 1.5) ( 3.4)
G50-51 Wholesale & Retail Trade 3 462 3 418 3 449 3 708 3 625 3 208 3 209 3 753
(-1.1) (-1.3) ( 0.9) ( 0.7) ( 1.2) (-0.7) ( 1.9) ( 1.2)
H52-56 Transport & Storage 4 013 3 914 3 845 4 078 4 036 3 561 3 605 4 178
(-1.5) (-2.5) (-1.8) (-0.3) (-4.6) (-2.1) (-2.8) ( 2.5)
J58 Hotels & Restaurants 1 513 1 463 1 465 1 495 1 568 1 418 1 396 1 479
(-2.2) (-3.3) ( 0.1) (-0.5) (-0.9) ( 1.5) ( 1.5) (-1.1)
K60-63 Information & Communications 5 336 5 253 5 193 5 436 5 117 5 365 4 890 5 396
(-0.9) (-1.6) (-1.1) (-0.9) (-2.6) ( 0.6) (-2.1) (-0.7)
L65-66 Financial Services 7 196 6 890 7 447 6 776 9 028 6 994 6 642 7 157
(-0.9) (-4.3) ( 8.1) ( 0.4) ( 10.3) ( 8.2) ( 8.2) ( 5.6)
M70-71 Real Estate & Leasing Services 3 534 3 273 2 968 3 402 3 162 2 701 2 745 3 261
(-1.8) (-7.4) (-9.3) (-5.3) (-16.2) (-11.8) (-3.9) (-4.1)
N73-76 Professional Services 5 034 4 957 4 867 5 401 5 130 4 670 4 561 5 109
( 1.3) (-1.5) (-1.8) ( 0.6) ( 2.2) (-1.4) (-2.3) (-5.4)
O78 Administrative & Support Services 2 433 2 344 2 460 2 408 2 634 2 368 2 302 2 540
(-4.3) (-3.7) ( 4.9) (-3.1) ( 7.9) ( 3.0) ( 3.2) ( 5.5)
P80-V99 Community, Social & Personal Services 4 193 3 857 4 175 4 372 4 130 3 918 3 686 4 958
(-4.1) (-8.0) ( 8.2) (-5.2) ( 4.6) ( 9.3) ( 4.6) ( 13.4)
* Deflated by the corresponding period’s Consumer Price Index (2009 = 100) Source: Derived based on data from
'-' : nil or negligible Central Provident Fund Board
Notes : Data pertain to all full-time and part-time employees who contribute to the CPF.
Data exclude all identifiable self-employed persons.
Figures in parenthesis refer to percentage changes over corresponding period of previous
year.
Data by industry from Q1 2010 onwards are not strictly comparable with earlier periods, due
to the nation-wide implementation of the Unique Entity Number (UEN) for enterprises.
A21
9.3 LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY
CHANGE IN LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY BY INDUSTRY 1
(Over corresponding period of previous year)
Per Cent
2009 2010
Industry (SSIC 2005) 2008 2009 2010P
IV I II III IVP
TOTAL 2 -7.5 -3.4 10.7 3.5 13.9 15.3 6.2 7.8
EXCLUDING CONSTRUCTION 2 -6.9 -2.9 11.0 4.0 14.8 15.7 6.1 8.0
C15-36 MANUFACTURING -10.9 1.6 31.9 11.3 44.3 47.4 13.8 25.8
F45 CONSTRUCTION -0.8 4.0 2.9 6.7 3.9 7.0 4.4 -2.7
G-U SERVICES -4.0 -4.2 5.4 2.1 7.3 6.9 4.5 3.3
G50-51 Wholesale & Retail Trade -1.9 -7.7 12.1 2.3 14.8 15.8 11.1 7.2
H52-56 Transport & Storage -3.6 -9.3 4.7 0.6 7.8 7.7 3.1 0.6
J58 Hotels & Restaurants -9.0 -5.0 3.9 1.4 5.5 8.0 2.0 0.6
K60-63 Information & Communications -1.1 -3.2 -3.4 -2.1 -1.1 -3.0 -4.5 -4.8
L65-66 Financial Services -7.1 2.3 3.2 11.0 12.6 1.3 -0.7 0.4
M70-O78 Business Services -5.8 -0.4 -0.9 1.5 1.2 - -2.0 -2.5
P80-U95 Other Services -3.4 -0.4 8.9 0.4 1.4 11.2 11.8 11.0
1
Based on gross value added at 2005 basic prices Source : Department of Statistics, MTI
2
Based on GDP at 2005 market prices
p: preliminary
A22
Explanatory Notes
Labour Market, 2010
Employment
Source
Administrative records. The self-employed component is estimated from the Labour Force Survey.
Coverage
The employment data comprises all persons in employment i.e. employees and the self-employed. However, it
excludes males who are serving their 2-year full-time national service liability in the Singapore Armed Forces,
Police and Civil Defence Forces.
Data on the number of local (also known as resident) employees are compiled from the Central Provident Fund
(CPF) Board’s administrative records of active contributors defined as local employees who have at least one
CPF contribution paid for him/her. A local (also known as resident) employee is any Singapore citizen or
Permanent Resident who is employed by an employer under a contract of service or other agreement entered
into in Singapore. Every local employee and his/her employer are required to make monthly contributions to the
CPF which is a compulsory savings scheme to provide workers financial security in old age and helps meet the
needs of healthcare, home-ownership, family protection, and asset enhancement.
Data on foreigners working in Singapore are compiled from administrative records of foreigners on valid work
passes issued by the Ministry of Manpower. Foreigners can work in Singapore only if they have valid work
passes issued by the Ministry of Manpower.
The number of self-employed residents is estimated from the Labour Force Survey. The self-employed
comprises persons aged 15 years and over who are own account workers, employers or contributing family
workers.
Concepts and Definitions
Employment change refers to the difference in the employment level at the end of the reference period
compared with the end of the preceding period.
Uses and Limitations
This data series allows users to identify individual industries where employment is growing or stagnating.
An analysis of the data over time also helps in understanding the impact of cyclical and structural changes in the
economy on the demand for workers.
The change in employment over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment i.e. net of
inflows and outflows of workers. Users should not mistake an increase in employment as gross job creation.
A23
Labour Market, 2010
Unemployment
Source
Labour Force Survey

(Except data for selected periods which were obtained from the General Household Survey (for June 1995 and
June 2005) and Population Census (for June 2000) conducted by Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and
Industry as the Labour Force Survey was not conducted for these periods).
Coverage
The survey covers private households on the main island of Singapore. It excludes workers living in construction
worksites, dormitories and workers’ quarters at the workplace and persons commuting from abroad to work in
Singapore. Estimates of the total labour force are derived by combining data on residents (also known as locals)
obtained from the survey with foreign workforce data compiled from administrative records.
Unemployed persons refer to persons aged 15 years and over who did not work but were available for work and
were actively looking for a job during the reference period. They include persons who were not working but were
taking steps to start their own business or taking up a new job after the reference period.
Unemployment rate is defined as the percentage of unemployed persons to the total number of economically
active persons (i.e. employed and unemployed persons) aged 15 years and over.
The unemployment rate is probably the best-known measure of the labour market. It measures unutilised labour
supply and is useful in the study of the economic cycle as it is closely related to economic fluctuations.
Unemployment can have frictional, cyclical and structural elements. As it takes time for job seekers and
employers to find a match, there is always a certain level of frictional unemployment due to people changing jobs
and from new entrants looking for work for the first time. Unemployment can also be structural e.g. arising from a
mismatch between the job seekers and the job openings available. With structural unemployment, even if job
vacancies and job seekers coexist in the labour market, they may not be matched over a long period of time.
Finally, unemployment can be cyclical. This occurs when there is a general decline in demand for manpower as
aggregate demand for goods and services fall in the event of a cyclical downturn. Unlike structural and frictional
unemployment where the problem is in matching job openings with job seekers, cyclical unemployment occurs
when there are not enough jobs to go around.
Unemployment can vary due to changes in demand or supply of manpower. It can decline if more people
succeed in securing employment or when the unemployed persons stop looking for a job and leave the labour
force either temporarily (e.g. to take up training) or permanently (e.g. to retire). Conversely, unemployment may
rise due to increase in labour supply from new entrants or re-entrants to the labour market. It will also rise if more
people quit their jobs to look for alternative employment or if there is an increase in layoffs.
Unemployment rates by specific groups, defined e.g. by age and educational attainment are useful in identifying
groups of workers most vulnerable to unemployment.
A24
Labour Market, 2010
Retrenchment and Redundancy
Source
Labour Market Survey
Coverage
Before 2006, the survey covers private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006
onwards, the survey also includes the public sector comprising government ministries, organs of state and
statutory boards.
Retrenchment refers to the termination of employment of a permanent employee due to redundancy. In the
public sector, it includes those who left service under the Special Resignation Scheme that allows redundant
non-deployable Civil Service or Statutory Board employees to leave their organisations with compensation.
Early release of contract workers refers to employees on term contracts which were terminated prematurely
because of redundancy.
Redundancy refers to an employee made redundant due to retrenchment or early release of contract.
Data on retrenchment and redundancy are useful in the analysis of re-structuring or ailing industries.
The number of persons retrenched or made redundant (flow) should not be confused with persons unemployed
(stock). Not all persons retrenched or made redundant will be unemployed as some will be re-employed or
decide to leave the workforce.
Re-employment
Source
Labour Market Survey and derived based on data from Central Provident Fund Board
Coverage
Information on resident workers made redundant is obtained from the Labour Market Survey. Before 2007, data
pertain to residents retrenched from private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2007
onwards, data also include residents retrenched from the public sector. With effect from the second quarter of
2009, the coverage is further expanded to include employees on term contracts which were terminated
prematurely due to redundancy. The re-employment status of these workers is tracked using CPF records.
Hence, it does not capture workers made redundant who went into self or informal employment or undergo
training while looking for a job.
A25
Labour Market, 2010
Re-employment rate is defined as the proportion of residents made redundant who are re-employed.
The re-employment rate within six months after redundancy for a quarter refers to the re-employment rate as at
end of the quarter for the residents made redundant in the previous quarter. For example, the re-employment
rate for second quarter 2009 shows the proportion of residents made redundant in the first quarter of 2009 who
were re-employed as at June 2009. The annual average re-employment rate is the simple average of the
quarterly figures.
This indicator measures the re-employment prospects of workers made redundant. It allows us to identify
vulnerable workers who find it difficult to secure re-employment after layoff.
A low re-employment rate could also be the result of workers taking a break from the labour force rather than a
weak job market. An analysis of the change in re-employment rate over time should therefore be made in the
context of other indicators on the labour market. Also, the indicator could be cohort-specific. Even if the state of
the labour market is unchanged, two different cohorts of workers could yield different re-employment rates,
depending on the profile of the workers involved. Also, the data based on CPF records do not capture workers
who went into self or informal employment or undergo training while looking for a job.
Job Vacancy
Source
Coverage
statutory boards.
Job vacancies refer to the number of unfilled posts for which an establishment is actively recruiting employees
from outside the establishment. They exclude:
a) Positions for which the employees have been appointed, but have not yet commenced duty;
b) Positions open only to internal transfers, promotion.
Recruitment action to fill a post includes advertising in newspapers, posting notices on the internet (e.g. on online
job banks), making word-of-mouth announcements, soliciting employees through employment agencies or job
fairs, contacting or interviewing registered job applicants.
Job vacancy rate for a quarter is defined as the total number of job vacancies divided by the total demand for
labour at the end of the quarter. The total demand for labour is defined as the sum of the number of employees
and job vacancies at the end of the quarter. The annual figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures.
A26
Labour Market, 2010
Job vacancies to unemployed ratio is calculated by taking the ratio of the estimates of the total number of job
vacancies for the whole economy to the total number of unemployed persons. The job vacancies for the whole
economy is estimated based on the assumption that private sector establishments with less than 25 employees
have the same vacancy rate as private establishments with at least 25 employees. Estimates on the total number
of unemployed persons are obtained from the Labour Force Survey.
Job vacancy statistics measures unmet demand for manpower and is useful for assessing changes in the
manpower demand over time. It enables users to identify industries and occupations where employers are
seeking workers. This can have operational use e.g. in improving vocational guidance and helping job seekers
and employers make more informed choices.
Data on job vacancies can assist in pinpointing emerging labour shortages. To identify labour shortages, trends
in vacancy data would have to be evaluated together with other labour market indicators as well as background
information on the occupations and factors affecting demand and supply of workers. This is because persistent
job vacancies may indicate either real shortages or factors such as low wages, poor working conditions and
unrealistic hiring specifications.
Labour Turnover
Source
Coverage
statutory boards.
Average monthly recruitment rate during a quarter is defined as the average number of persons recruited in a
month during the quarter divided by the average number of employees in the establishment. The annual figures
are the simple averages of the quarterly figures.
Average monthly resignation rate during a quarter is defined as the average number of persons who resigned
in a month during the quarter divided by the average number of employees in the establishment. The annual
figures are the simple averages of the quarterly figures.
In good times when job openings are plentiful, recruitment and resignation rates tend to be high reflecting
movement of workers between jobs. In periods of economic downturn, high layoffs are usually coupled with low
resignation and recruitment rates.
The resignation rates by industry are valuable to employers for comparing their staff turnover against the industry
norm. Low resignation rate in a company relative to the industry average is usually considered to be an indicator
of good labour-management relations. Labour turnover also reflects the unique labour market dynamics of the
various industries. For example, hotels and restaurants typically have higher turnover rates because of their
heavy reliance on temporary and part-time workers to cope with fluctuations in demand.
A27
Labour Market, 2010
Paid Overtime Hours
Source
Coverage
statutory boards.
Weekly paid overtime hours worked refers to the number of hours worked by an employee in excess of the
standard hours for which the employees were paid. It excludes overtime hours worked for which “time-off” was
granted instead of wage payment.
Data on number of paid overtime hours are used as a gauge of the level of economic activities and working
conditions of the various industries. The data can also be used for social studies on family and community life.
The data do not capture unpaid overtime worked e.g. by executives and management staff who are normally not
paid for working overtime. Users can refer to separate statistics on usual hours worked collected from the June
Labour Force Survey.
Earnings
Source
Derived based on data from Central Provident Fund Board
Coverage
Statistics on the average (mean) monthly earnings is compiled based on the payroll of CPF contributors.
The data include all full-time and part-time employees who have contributed to the CPF but exclude all
identifiable self-employed persons who have made voluntary CPF contributions.
Nominal monthly earnings refers to all remuneration received before deduction of the employee’s CPF
contributions and personal income tax. They include basic wage, overtime payments, commissions, allowances
and other monetary payments, annual wage supplement (AWS) and variable bonuses but exclude employer’s
CPF contributions.
Real monthly earnings refers to nominal earnings deflated by the corresponding period’s Consumer Price Index
(2009 = 100).
A28
Labour Market, 2010
Nominal earnings data can be used as a rough gauge of the average wage level in the country. The data series
is also useful in the tracking of economic cycle as earnings tend to rise when economic activities pick up and
demand for manpower increases.
Changes in earnings data can be influenced by overtime and compositional changes in the workforce
e.g. between part-time and full-time workers. Hence, they do not represent the true change in wage rates paid to
workers. A better source for this is the Survey on Annual Wage Changes which provides annual data on
changes in basic wages and total wages of full-time employees on the CPF scheme who are in continuous
employment of one year.
Monthly earnings data also do not represent total labour costs to employers as they do not take into account
non-wage costs e.g. cost of training, medical benefits, staff welfare and statutory levies on payroll. Data on
labour cost are available from the biennial Survey on Labour Cost.
Labour Productivity
Source
Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry
Labour productivity refers to real output per worker. For the economy as a whole, real output is measured by
gross domestic product at 2005 market prices. Industry real output is measured by gross value added at 2005
basic prices.
From the supply side, an economy can grow when the number of workers increases (i.e. employment increases)
or when each worker produces more. Labour productivity measures the latter effect.
Changes in labour productivity shows whether output is increasing or decreasing per worker and is often used in
wage settlements to compensate workers for productivity improvements. Growth in labour productivity is often
deemed as the key to higher living standards as a country can sustain wage increases without losing
competitiveness, only if labour productivity grows.
Labour productivity relates output to the number of workers employed. It does not measure the specific
contribution of labour alone. Rather, it reflects the joint effects of many factors, including new technology, capital
investment, quality of the workforce and the use of more efficient management and production practices.
A29
Labour Market, 2010
Cost Indices
Source
Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry
Unit labour cost is defined as the total labour cost per unit of real output. Total labour cost comprises wages
and salaries, benefits, CPF contributions by employers, foreign workers’ levy and skill development levy.
Unit business cost is defined as the cost of producing one unit of real output. The main components for
business cost are labour cost, services cost and government rates and fees.
The indices for both unit labour cost and unit business cost measure the relative costs with respect to a base
year (2000 = 100).
The unit labour cost index takes into account both the cost and productivity of workers. As the cost of production
is also dependent on other business cost such as land/rental cost and government rates and fees, the unit
business cost index gives a fuller measure on the impact of the various inputs that affect cost competitiveness.
Both cost indices are used to measure the changing cost competitiveness of a country.
The cost indices should not be seen as a comprehensive measure of competitiveness of an economy, but more
as a reflection of cost competitiveness. Competitiveness of an economy is also determined by other factors,
such as physical and institutional infrastructures, law and order, and cost of capital.
A30
Labour Market, 2010
Reliability of Data
In a sample survey, inferences about the target population are drawn from the data collected from the sample.
Errors due to extension of the conclusions based on one sample to the entire population are known as sampling
errors. The sampling error of an estimate is the difference between the estimated value obtained from a sample
and the actual value from the population. Factors influencing the sampling error include the sample size, the
sample design, method of estimation, the variability of the population and the characteristics studied.
The most common measure of the sampling error of an estimate is its standard error, which is a measure of the
variation among the estimates derived from all possible samples. An alternative measure is the relative standard
error of an estimate which indicates the standard error relative to the magnitude of the estimate. A sample
estimate and an estimate of its standard error can be used to construct an interval that will, at specified levels of
confidence, include the actual value. About 68, 95 and 99 per cent of estimates from all possible samples will fall
within the interval defined by one, two or three standard errors respectively on either side of the estimate.
By statistical convention, the confidence level has been set at 95 per cent.
Estimates of the sampling variability of selected indicators are as follows:
Relative 95% Confidence Interval

Reference Standard
Estimate Standard
Period Error Lower Upper
Error (%)
UNEMPLOYMENT
Number of Unemployed Residents Dec 10 57,400 2,700 4.8 52,100 62,800
Resident Unemployment Rate Dec 10 2.7% 0.13%-pt 4.8 2.5% 3.0%
JOB VACANCY
Job Vacancy Number Dec 10 44,100 1,300 2.9% 41,500 46,600
Job Vacancy Rate Dec 10 2.5% 0.07%-pt 2.8% 2.3% 2.6%
LABOUR TURNOVER
Average Monthly Recruitment Rate Q4 10 2.6% 0.03%-pt 1.1% 2.5% 2.6%
Average Monthly Resignation Rate Q4 10 1.8% 0.02%-pt 1.1% 1.7% 1.8%
HOURS WORKED
Average Weekly Paid Overtime Hours
Dec 10 3.7 0.04 1.1% 3.6 3.8
Worked Per Employee
Note: Data are non-seasonally adjusted.
A31
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Just Released Other Resources
Title Date of Release
Labour Market, 2010
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Date of Release: 15 Mar 2011
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Date of Release: 31 Jan 2011
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the economic activities of the population, including detailed analysis and data • Labour Turnover Time Series, 2003 to 2009 01/04/2010
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LABOUR MARKET

Manpower Research and Statistics Department

ISSN : 0219 - 2527

To provide timely and reliable

Statistical activities conducted by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department

NOTATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS vi

LABOUR MARKET, 2010 1

EARNINGS AND PRODUCTIVITY

EXPLANATORY NOTES A23

CPF : Central Provident Fund

 Supported by hirings for the year-end festivities, employment growth strengthened in

Employment creation picked up in the fourth quarter, after moderating in the

Chart 1: Employment Change by Sector

“–“ : Nil or negligible

Table 1: Total Employment Change by Industry

Total 37.6 115.9 37.5 36.5 24.9 20.5 33.9 3,105.9

Manufacturing -43.7 -1.1 0.7 3.1 -2.3 -0.7 -1.2 537.9

Construction 25.1 2.5 4.6 -0.4 2.0 - 0.9 395.6

Services 55.6 111.0 31.5 33.4 25.4 21.3 30.9 2,152.9

Community, Social & Personal

“–“ : Nil or negligible

Gains in local employment accelerated in 2010

Foreign workforce grew, after declining in 2009

As at December 2010, there were 1,113,200 foreigners employed in Singapore forming

Table 2: Total Employment Change by Residential Status and Industry

Chart 2: Annual Employment Change by Residential Status

Unemployment remained low during 2010

Chart 3: Unemployment Rate

Chart 4: Annual Average Unemployment Rate

Chart 5: Resident Unemployment Rate and Number by Age and Education

Total Below 30 30-39 40 & Over

Total Below Secondary Secondary Post Secondary Diploma & Degree

December 2009 December 2010

( ): Number of unemployed in thousands.

Chart 6: Resident Long-Term Unemployment Rate

Chart 7: Number and Share of Resident Long-Term Unemployed

Total Below 30 30-39 40 & Over

Total Below Secondary Post Secondary Diploma & Degree

December 2009 December 2010

( ) : Number of long-term unemployed in thousands.

Table 3: Profile of Residents Made Redundant and Resident Employees

Chart 10: Number of Workers on Short Work-week or Temporary Lay-off

Re-employment rate fell, after rising from low in June 2009

Chart 11: Re-employment Rate of Residents Made Redundant

n.a.: not available

Chart 12: Re-employment Rate of Residents Made Redundant

Total 58.1 50.8

Clerical, Sales & Service Workers 68.2 51.2

Prod & Tpt Op, Cleaners & Labourers 56.0 52.4

Secondary 60.1 53.2

Post Secondary (Non-Tertiary) 57.4 44.3

Diploma & Professional Qualification 60.0 44.5

Degree 58.7 51.7

30-39 64.8 56.6

Job vacancies increased over the year

Chart 13: Job Vacancies

Non s.a.: Non-seasonally adjusted; s.a.: Seasonally adjusted

Chart 14: Job Vacancy Rate

Chart 15: Ratio of Job Vacancies to Unemployed Persons

Chart 16: Average Monthly Recruitment and Resignation Rates

Average Monthly Recruitment Rate

Average Monthly Resignation Rate

Paid overtime has stabilised, after increasing from recessionary low