Math 2010 Set 3 Close

Subjective Test  

General Instructions:
i. All questions are compulsory.

ii. The question paper consists of 30 questions divided into four sections– A, B, C and D.
Section A comprises of ten questions of 1 mark each, Section B comprises of five
questions of 2 marks each, Section C comprises of ten questions of 3 marks each and
Section D comprises of five questions of 6 marks each.
iii. All questions in Section A are to be answered in one word, one sentence or as per the
exact requirement of the question.
iv. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one
question of 2 marks each, three questions of 3 marks each and two questions of 6
marks each. You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.
v. In question on construction, the drawing should be neat and as per the given
measurements.
vi. Use of calculators is not permitted.

Section A
Question Number 1 to 10 carry 1 mark each.

Question 1 ( 1.0 marks)

If the sum of first p terms of an Α.P., is ap2 + bp, find its common difference.

Solution:

Let A be the first term and D be the common difference of the A.P.

It is given that the sum of p terms of an A.P. is .

Now, S1 is equal to the first term of the A.P.

∴ A = a + b … (1)
A + A + D = 4a + 2b … (2)

On multiplying (1) with 2 and subtracting it from (2), we obtain

2A + D − 2A = 4a + 2b − 2(a + b)

∴ D = 4a + 2b − 2a − 2b = 2a

Thus, the common difference of the A.P. is 2a.

Question 2 ( 1.0 marks)

In fig. 1, S and T are points on the sides PQ and PR, respectively of ΔPQR, such that PT = 2
cm, TR = 4 cm and ST is parallel to QR. Find the ratio of the areas of ΔPST and ΔPQR.

Solution:

In ΔPST and ΔPQR:

∠SPT = ∠QPR (Common)

∠PST = ∠PQR (Corresponding angles)

∴ ΔPST ∼ ΔPQR (By AA similarity criterion)

It is known that the ratio of areas of similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of
their corresponding sides.

Thus, the ratio of the areas of ΔPST and ΔPQR is 1: 9.

Question 3 ( 1.0 marks)

In fig. 2, ΔAHK is similar to ΔABC. If AK = 10 cm, BC = 3.5 cm and HK = 7 cm, find AC.
Solution:

It is given that ΔAHK is similar to ΔABC.

It is known that the corresponding sides of similar triangles are in proportion.

Thus, the length of AC is 5 cm.

Question 4 ( 1.0 marks)

If α, β are the zeroes of a polynomial, such that α + β = 6 and αβ = 4, then write the
polynomial.

Solution:

It is given that α + β = 6 and αβ = 4

It is known that a polynomial is of the form k [x2 − (sum of zeroes) x + (product of zeroes)],
where k is a real number.

Thus, the required polynomial is of the form k (x2 − 6x + 4).

For k = 1, the polynomial is x2 − 6x + 4.

Thus, the required polynomial is x2 − 6x + 4.

Question 5 ( 1.0 marks)

Has the rational number a terminating or a non-terminating decimal representation?

Solution:

A rational number in simplest form has a terminating decimal expansion if its denominator is
of the form 2n5m, where n and m are non-negative integers.

The given rational number is and is not in simplest form.

Now,

It can be seen that its denominator is of the form 2n5m, where n and m are non-negative
integers.

Thus, the given rational number has a terminating decimal expansion.

Question 6 ( 1.0 marks)

If cosec θ = 2x and cot θ , find the value of

Solution:

Thus, the value of is .

Question 7 ( 1.0 marks)

A card is drawn at random from a well shuffled pack of 52 playing cards. Find the probability
of getting a red face card.

Solution:

There are a total of 52 playing cards in the pack.

The number of red face cards in the pack is only 6.

Thus, the probability of getting a red face card =

Question 8 ( 1.0 marks)

The slant height of a frustum of a cone is 4 cm and the perimeters (circumferences) of its
circular ends are 18 cm and 6 cm. Find the curved surface area of the frustum.

Solution:

Slant height of the frustum of cone, l = 4 cm

Let r1 and r2 be the radii of the circular ends of the frustum of the cone and let h be its height.

The circumferences of its circular ends are given as 18 cm and 16 cm.

∴ 2πr1 = 18 cm and 2πr2 = 6 cm

∴ Curved surface area of the frustum of cone

Question 9 ( 1.0 marks)

If A(1, 2), B(4, 3) and C(6, 6) are the three vertices of a parallelogram ABCD, find the
coordinates of the fourth vertex D.

Solution:

Let the coordinates of the fourth vertex D be (x, y).

Since ABCD is a parallelogram, diagonals AC and BD bisect each other.

∴ Mid point of BD = Mid-point of AC

⇒ 4 + x = 7 and 3 + y = 8

⇒ x = 7 − 4 = 3 and y = 8 − 3 = 5
Thus, the coordinates of the fourth vertex, i.e., of vertex D are (3, 5).

Question 10 ( 1.0 marks)

If P(2, p) is the mid-point of the line segment joining the points A(6, − 5) and B(− 2, 11), find
the value of p.

Solution:

It is given that P (2, p) is the mid-point of the line segment joining the points A (6, −5) and B
(−2, 11).

⇒ (2, p) = (2, 3)

⇒p=3

Thus, the required value of p is 3.

Section B
Question Number 11 to 15 carry 2 marks each.

Question 11 ( 2.0 marks)

If and are two zeroes of the polynomial x3 + 3x2 − 5x − 15, find its third zero.

Solution:

It is given that are the two zeroes of p(x) = x3 + 3x2 − 5x − 15.

Therefore, and are the two factors of p(x). Thus, is also a factor of p(x).

Now, on dividing p(x) by (x2 − 5), we obtain

Therefore, the quotient so obtained is (x + 3).

∴ (x + 3) is the third factor of p(x).

On substituting x + 3 = 0, we obtain,

x = −3

Thus, −3 is the third zero of p(x) = x3 + 3x2 − 5x − 15.

Question 12 ( 2.0 marks)

If all the sides of a parallelogram touch a circle, show that the parallelogram is a rhombus.

Solution:

It is given that all the sides of the parallelogram touch the circle.

Let the parallelogram be ABCD and let the circle touch the sides AB, BC, CD and AD at P,
Q, R and S respectively.

Now, ABCD is a parallelogram.

AB = CD … (1)

BC = AD … (2)

It is known that lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to the circle are equal.

∴ DR = DS … (3)
CR = CQ … (4)

BP = BQ … (5)

AP = AS … (6)

On adding equations (3), (4), (5) and (6), we obtain

DR + CR + BP + AP = DS + CQ + BQ + AS

⇒ (DR + CR) + (BP + AP) = (DS + AS) + (CQ + BQ)

∴ CD + AB = AD + BC

From equations (1) and (2), we obtain

2AB = 2BC

∴ AB = BC

∴ AB = BC = CD = DA

Therefore, ABCD is a parallelogram all of whose sides are equal.

Thus, ABCD is a rhombus.

Question 13 ( 2.0 marks)

Without using trigonometric tables, find the value of the following expression:

Solution:
Thus, the value of the given expression is .

OR

Find the value of cosec 30°, geometrically.

Consider an equilateral triangle ABC.

Each angle in an equilateral triangle is 60°.

Therefore, ∠A = ∠B = ∠C = 60°

Let the perpendicular AD be drawn from A to side BC.

Now, in ΔABD and ΔACD

∠ADB = ∠ADC (Each 90°)

AB = AC (Given)

AD = AD (Common)
ΔABD ≅ ΔACD (By RHS congruency criterion)

∴ BD = DC (CPCT)

∠BAD = ∠CAD = 30º

Let the length of AB be 2a.

Now, sin 30°

∴cosec 30°

Thus, the value of cosec 30° is 2.

Question 14 ( 2.0 marks)

Find the value of k for which the following pair of linear equation have infinitely many
solutions:

2x + 3y = 7; (k − 1) x + (k + 2)y = 3k

Solution:

The given pair of linear equations is:

2x + 3y = 7 or 2x + 3y − 7 = 0 … (1)

(k − 1)x + (k + 2)y = 3k ... (2)

Equation (2) can be written as:

(k − 1)x + (k + 2)y − 3k = 0 … (3)

It is known that the pair of linear equations a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 has

infinitely many solutions if .

Thus, from equations (1) and (3), we obtain

⇒ 6k = 7(k − 1)

⇒ 6k = 7k − 7

⇒ 7 = 7k − 6k

⇒k=7

Thus, the value of k is 7.

Question 15 ( 2.0 marks)

In an A.P., first term is 2, the last term is 29 and sum of the terms is 155. Find the common
difference of the A.P.

Solution:

Let a and d be the first term and the common difference of the A.P. respectively.

First term, a = 2

Last term, l = 29

It is known that the sum of n terms of an A.P. is given by .

It is known that the nth term of an A.P. is given by an = a + (n − 1) d.

∴ 29 = 2 + (10 − 1) × d

⇒ 9d = 29 − 2 = 27

Thus, the common difference of the A.P. is 3.

Section C
Question Number 16 to 25 carry 3 marks each.
Question 16 ( 3.0 marks)

Prove that is an irrational number.

Solution:

We first prove that is irrational.

Let be a rational number.

Therefore, we can find two integers a, b (b ≠ 0) such that .

Let us assume that a and b are co-prime.

Therefore, a2 is divisible by 3. Hence, a is divisible by 3.

Let a = 3k, where k is an integer.

This means that b2 is divisible by 3. Hence, b is divisible by 3.

This implies that a and b have 3 as a common factor.

This is in contradiction to the fact that a and b are co-prime.

Hence, cannot be expressed as or it can be said that is irrational.

We now prove that is irrational.

For this, we assume that is rational.

Therefore, we can find two integers a, b (b ≠ 0) such that

Since a and b are integers, will also be rational. Therefore, is rational.

This contradicts the fact that is irrational. Hence, our assumption that is rational is
false. Therefore, is irrational.

Hence proved

Question 17 ( 3.0 marks)

In figure 3, ABC is a right triangle, right angled at C and D is the mid-point of BC. Prove that
AB2 = 4AD2 − 3AC2.

Solution:

In ΔABC, D is the mid-point of BC.

∴ BD = CD = BC

On using Pythagoras theorem in ΔACD, we obtain

AD2 = AC2 + CD2

⇒ AD2 = AC2 +

⇒ AD2 = AC2 + BC2

⇒ 4AD2 = 4AC2 + BC2

⇒ BC2 = 4AD2 − 4AC2 ... (1)

On using Pythagoras theorem in ΔABC, we obtain

AB2 = AC2 + BC2

⇒ AB2 = AC2 + (4AD2 − 4AC2) [Using equation (1)]

∴ AB2 = 4AD2 − 3AC2

Thus, the given result is proved.

Question 18 ( 3.0 marks)

Prove the following

OR

Prove the following:

Solution:

L.H.S. =
Hence proved

OR

To prove: (cosec A − sin A) (sec A − cos A)

L.H.S = (cosec A − sin A) (sec A − cos A)

R.H.S =

Thus, from (1) and (2), (cosec A − sin A) (sec A − cos A)

Hence proved.

Question 19 ( 3.0 marks)

In an A.P., the sum of first ten terms is −150 and the sum of its next ten terms is −550. Find
the A.P.

Solution:
Let a and d be the first term and the common difference of the Α.P.

It is given that the sum of the first 10 terms of the Α.P. is −150.

⇒ 5(2a + 9d) = − 150

⇒ 2a + 9d = − 30 ... (i)

It is also given that the sum of the next 10 terms of the Α.P. is −550.

Thus, the sum of the first 20 terms of the Α.P. is (−150) + (−550) = −700

⇒ 10 (2a + 19d) = −700

⇒ 2a + 19d = −70 ... (ii)

Subtracting equation (i) from equation (ii):

10d = −70 − (−30)

⇒ 10d = −40

⇒ d = −4

Substituting d = −4 in equation (i):

2a + 9 × (−4) = −30

⇒ 2a = −30 + 36 = 6

⇒a=3

Now, the Α.P. is given by a, a + d, a + 2d, ...

a + d = 3 + (−4) = −1

a + 2d = 3 + 2(−4) = 3 − 8 = −5

a + 3d = 3 + 3(−4) = 3 − 12 = −9

Thus, the required Α.P. is 3, −1, −5, −9....

Question 20 ( 3.0 marks)

The sum of numerator and denominator of a fraction is 3 less than twice the denominator. If

each of the numerator and denominator is decreased by 1, the fraction becomes . Find the
fraction.

OR

Solve the following pair of equations:

Solution:

Let the numerator and denominator of the fraction be x and y respectively.

Thus, the fraction is .

It is given that the sum of numerator and denominator of the fraction is 3 less than twice the
denominator.

∴ x + y = 2y − 3

⇒ x + y − 2y = −3

⇒ x − y = −3 … (1)

It is also given that if each of the numerator and denominator is decreased by 1, then the

fraction becomes .

Subtracting equation (1) from equation (2):

x = 1 − (− 3)

⇒x=4

Substituting the value of x in equation (1):

4−y=−3

⇒y=4+3=7

Thus, the required fraction is .

OR

The given pair of equations is:

Let .

Then, equations (1) and (2) become:

4z + 3y = 8 … (3)

6z − 4y = −5 … (4)

Multiplying equation (3) with 4 and equation (4) with 3 and then adding the obtained
equations:

Substituting x = 2 in equation (1):

Thus, the solution of the given pair of equations is x = 2 and y = 2.

Question 21 ( 3.0 marks)

Construct a triangle PQR in which QR = 6 cm, ∠Q = 60° and ∠R = 45°. Construct another

triangle similar to ΔPQR such that its side are of the corresponding sides of ΔPQR.

Solution:

The steps of constructions are as follows:

Step 1
Draw a Δ PQR with side QR = 6 cm, ∠Q = 60° and ∠R = 45°.

Step 2

Draw a ray QX making an acute angle with QR on the opposite side of vertex P.

Step 3

Locate 6 points (as 6 is greater between 5 and 6), Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6 on QX.

Step 4

Join Q6R. Draw a line through Q5 parallel to Q6R such that it intersects QR at R'.

Step 5

Through R', draw a line parallel to PR such that it intersects QP at P'.

Thus, ΔP'QR' is the required triangle.

Question 22 ( 3.0 marks)

Cards bearing numbers 1, 3, 5, ..., 35 are kept in a bag. A card is drawn at random from the
bag. Find the probability of getting a card bearing

(i) a prime number less than 15.

(ii) a number divisible by 3 and 5.

Solution:

The cards are numbered as 1, 3, 5…35.

∴Total number of cards = 18

(i) The prime numbers less than 15 are 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13.

∴ Required probability =

Thus, the probability of getting a card bearing a prime number less than 15 is .

(ii) The numbers divisible by 3 and 5 are 15 and 30.

∴ Required probability =

Thus, the probability of getting a card bearing a number divisible by 3 and 5 is .

Question 23 ( 3.0 marks)

If the point P (m, 3) lies on the line segment joining the points and B (2, 8), find
the value of m.

Solution:

It is given that point P (m, 3) lies on the line segment joining points and B (2, 8).
Hence, points A, P and B are collinear.

∴Area of ΔAPB = 0

It is known that the area of a triangle formed by points having vertices (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3,

y3) is given by .

Thus, the value of m is − 4.

Question 24 ( 3.0 marks)

Point P divides the line segment joining the points A (2, 1) and B (5, −8) such that . If
P lies on the line 2x − y + k = 0, find the value of k.

Solution:

It is given that point P divides the line segment joining A (2, 1) and B (5, −8) such that

Hence, P divides AB in the ratio 1:2.

It is known that the coordinates of a point that divides the line segment joining points (x1, y1)

and (x2, y2) in the ratio m:n are given by.

By section formula, the coordinates of point P are:

It is given that point P lies on the line 2x − y + k = 0.

∴ 2(3) − (−2) + k = 0

⇒6+2+k=0

⇒ k = −8

Thus, the value of k is −8.

Question 25 ( 3.0 marks)

In figure 4, the boundary of shaded region consists of four semicircular arcs, two smallest
being equal. If diameter of the largest is 14 cm and that of the smallest is 3.5 cm, calculate the

area of the shaded region. [Use π = ]

OR

Find the area of shaded region in figure 5, if AC = 24 cm, BC = 10 cm and O is the centre of
the circle. [Use π = 3.14]

Solution:

Let the radii of the largest semicircle, the smallest semicircle and the circle with diameter BD
be r1, r2 and r3 respectively.

It is given that AE = 14 cm and DE = AB = 3.5 cm

r3 = r1 − 2 r2 =

The area of the shaded region is given by:

Area of semicircle with radius r1 + Area of semicircle with radius r3 − 2 × Area of semicircle
with radius r2

Thus, the area of the shaded region is 86.625 cm2.

OR

It can be seen that OACB is a semicircle.

∴ ∠ACB = 90°

Therefore, ΔABC is a right-angled triangle.

On using Pythagoras theorem in ΔABC, we obtain

AB2 = AC2 + BC2

⇒ AB2 = (24 cm)2 + (10 cm)2

⇒ AB2 = 576 cm)2 + 100 cm2

⇒ AB2 = 676 cm2

⇒ AB = cm

∴ AB = 26 cm
⇒ OA = cm = 13 cm

The area of the shaded region is given by: Area of semicircle − Area of ΔABC

Thus, the area of the shaded region is 145.57 cm2.

Section D
Question Number 26 to 30 carry 6 marks each.

Question 26 ( 6.0 marks)

A milk container is made of metal sheet in the shape of frustum of a cone whose volume is

. The radii of its lower and upper circular ends are 8 cm and 20 cm respectively.
Find the cost of metal sheet used in making the container at the rate of Rs. 1.40 per square

centimetre.

Or

A toy is in the form of a hemisphere surmounted by a right circular cone of the same base
radius as that of the hemisphere. If the radius of base of the cone is 21 cm and its volume is

of the volume of the hemisphere, calculate the height of the cone and the surface area of

the toy. .

Solution:

The milk container can be diagrammatically represented as

Here, volume V =

The radii of the lower and upper circular ends are respectively given as:

r1 = 8 cm, r2 = 20 cm

Let the height of the container be h.

The volume (V) of a frustum of cone is given by,

The metal sheet required for making the container is equal to the sum of the curved surface
area of the frustum of the cone and its base area.

∴Total surface area of the container is , where l is the slant height.

Now,

Thus, total surface area of the container

Cost of 1 cm2 of metal sheet = Rs 1.40

∴Cost of of metal sheet = Rs = Rs 2745.60

Thus, the cost of metal sheet required for making the container is Rs 2745.60.

Or

Let the height of the conical part be h.

Radius of the cone = Radius of the hemisphere = r = 21 cm

The toy can be diagrammatically represented as

Volume of the cone =

Volume of the hemisphere =

According to given information:

Volume of the cone × Volume of the hemisphere

Thus, surface area of the toy = Curved surface area of cone + Curved surface area of
hemisphere
Question 27 ( 6.0 marks)

Prove that, in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares
of the other two sides.

Using the above, prove the following:

Point D is the mid-point of the side BC of a right triangle ABC, right angled at C. Prove that
4AD2 = 4AC2 + BC2

Solution:

Let ABC be a triangle right-angled at B.

To prove: AC2 = AB2 + BC2

Construction: Draw BD AC

Proof:

In ΔABC and ΔBDC:

∠ACB = ∠DCB (Common)

∠ABC = ∠BDC (Each 90°)

∴ ΔABC ∼ ΔBDC (By AA similarity criterion)

It is known that the corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional.

⇒ BC2 = AC × DC … (1)

Now in ΔABC and ΔADB:

∠BAC = ∠BAD (Common)

∠ABC = ∠ADB (Each 90°)

∴ΔABC ∼ ΔADB (AA similarity criterion)

It is known that the corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional.

⇒ AB2 = AC × AD … (2)

Adding equation (1) and (2):

BC2 + AB2 = AC × DC + AC × AD

⇒ AB2 + BC2 = AC × (DC + AD)

⇒ AB2 + BC2 = AC × AC {AC = DC + AD}

⇒ AB2 + BC2 = AC2

Thus, in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the
other two sides.

Now, using the theorem proved above, the relation to be proved is 4AD2 = 4AC2 + BC2
Using the theorem proved above in ΔACD:

AD2 = AC2 + CD2

⇒ AD2 = AC2 + [D is the mid-point of BC]

⇒ AD2 = AC2 +

⇒ 4AD2 = 4AC2 + BC2

Hence, the relation is proved.

Question 28 ( 6.0 marks)

Three consecutive positive integers are such that the sum of the square of the first and the
product of the other two is 46, find the integers.

Or

The difference of squares of two numbers is 88. If the larger number is 5 less than twice the
smaller number, then find the two numbers.

Solution:

Let the three consecutive positive integers be x, x + 1 and x + 2.

According to the given condition:

x2 + (x + 1) (x + 2) = 46

⇒ x2 + x2 + 3x + 2 = 46

⇒ 2x2 + 3x − 44 = 0

It is known that the roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx2 + c = 0 are

∴ For equation 2x2 + 3x − 44 = 0:

Since x is a positive integer, x = 4

Thus, the required consecutive positive integers are 4, 5, and 6.

Or

Let the smaller number be x.

Then, the larger number is 2x − 5.

According to the given condition:

(2x − 5)2 − x2 = 88

⇒ 4x2 + 25 − 20x − x2 = 88

⇒ 3x2 − 20x − 63 = 0

It is known that the roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx2 + c = 0 are .

∴For equation 3x2 − 20x − 63 = 0:

When x = 9, the smaller number is 9, and the larger number is 2 (9) − 5 = 13

When the smaller number is and the larger number is

Here,

∴ The smaller number cannot be

Thus, the required numbers are 9 and 13.

Question 29 ( 6.0 marks)

From the top of a 7 m high building, the angle of elevation of the top of a tower is 60° and the
angle of depression of the foot of the tower is 30°. Find the height of the tower.

Solution:

The given situation can be represented as:

Here AB represents the building and CD represents the tower.

Now, AB = DE = 7 m

Also, BD = AE

In ΔABD:

In ΔACE:

∴ CD = CE + AB = (21 + 7) m = 28 m

Thus, the height of the tower is CD = 28 m.

Question 30 ( 6.0 marks)

Find the mean, mode and median of the following frequency distribution:

Class: 0 − 10 10 − 20 20 − 30 30 − 40 40 − 50 50 − 60 60 − 70
Frequency: 8 7 15 20 12 8 10
Solution:

The frequency distribution table for the given data can be drawn as:
 Class Frequency (fi) Class marks (xi) fixi
0−10 8 5 40
10−20 7 15 105
20−30 15 25 375
30−40 20 35 700
40−50 12 45 540
50−60 8 55 440
60−70 10 65 650

2850

The maximum class frequency is 20. Therefore, modal class is 30−40.

∴ l = 30, h = 10, f1 = 20, f0 = 15, f2 = 12

= 30 + 3.85 (approx.)

= 33.85 (approx.)

Now, the cumulative frequency distribution table for the given data can be drawn as:

Class Frequency Cumulative frequency

0−10 8 8
10−20 7 15
20−30 15 30
30−40 20 50
40−50 12 62
50−60 8 70
60−70 10 80

n = 80

lies in the class interval 30−40

∴ Median class is 30−40.

l = 30, cf = 30, f = 20, h = 10

Median

Thus, the mean, mode and median of the given frequency distribution are 35.625, 33.85 and
35 respectively.