Tugas Pertemuan 10
Tugas Pertemuan 10
Menurut UU No. 41 tahun 2004 wakaf adalah suatu perbuatn hukum oleh pihak yang
melakukan wakaf unutk memisahkan atau menyerahkan sebagian harta benda atau asset
miliknya untuk dimanfaatkan selamanya atau untuk jangka waktu tertentu untuk keperluan
ibadah atau kesejahteraan umum sesuai ketentuan agama islam.
Menurut hukum islam, wakaf dikatakan sah apabila memenuhi dua persyaratan, yaitu
tindakan atau perbuatan yang menunjukkan pada wakaf dan mengungkapkan niatan untuk
wakaf baik lisan maupun tulisan. Selain itu syarat-syarat yang harus dipenuhi dalam
melakukan wakaf secara sah antara lain:
1. Al-Waqif
Pewakaf harus cakap bertindak dalam memakai hartanya, dalam artian merdeka,
berakal sehat, dewasa, dan tidak dalam keadaan merugi.
2. Al-Mauquf
Harta benda yang diwakafkan dianggap sah jika benda yang diwakafkan memiliki
nilai, dimiliki oleh pewakaf sepenuhnya, diketahui kadarnya, dan dapat dipindahkan
kepemilikannya serta dibenarkan untuk diwakafkan.
3. Al-Mauqud ‘Alaih
Ada dua macam pihak yang menerima manfaat wakaf (nadzir), yaitu pihak tertentu
(mu’ayyan) dan pihak tidak tertentu (ghaira mu’ayyan). Maksud dari pihak tertentu
adalah penerima manfaat wakaf merupakan seorang atau sekumpulan orang tertentu
saja dan tidak boleh diubah. Sedangkan yang tidak tertentu adalah manfaat wakaf
yang diberikan tidka ditentukan secara terperinci.
4. Sighah
Sighah berhubungan dengan isi ucapan pada saat melakukan wakaf atau pernyataan
pewakaf sebagai suatu kehendak untuk mewakafkan harya bendanya. Syaratnya
antara lain:
- Ucapan bisa direalisasikan segera, tanpa ada syarat-syarat tambahan.
- Ucapan bersifat pasti.
- Ucapan tidak mengandung syarat yang bisa membatalkan.
Zakat fitrah adalah zakat yang wajib dibayarkan sebelum shalat idul fitri dilaksanakan.
Jenis zakat yang dibayarkan berupa makanan pokok yang biasa dikonsumsi. Setiap balita
hingga orang dewasa wajib membayar zakat sebesar 2.5 Kg beras atau setara 3.5 liter. Jika
ingin dibayatkan dalam bentuk uang, maka jumlah uang yang dibayarkan harus setara dengan
harga 2.5 Kg beras saat itu juga.
The word waqf comes from Arabic, which means to hold, stop, or be quiet. The
purpose of withholding is not to be traded, gifted or inherited. According to shariah, waqf is
an expression which contains to hold giving away of their property to another person or
institution. According to UU No. 41 year of 2004 waqf is a legal act by those who do waqf to
separate or give a part of their property or assets to be used forever or for a certain period of
time for the purposes of worship or public welfare in accordance with Islamic religious
provisions.
1. Dzurri or ‘alal aulad, are waqf aimed at the interests and social security within the
family and relatives themselves.
2. Waqf Khairi (virtue) is waqf that is done for the benefit of religion or society in
general.
B. Based on the type of property, waqf are divided into three types, namely immovable
objects, movable objects other than money, and movable objects in the form of money.
C. Based on the time, endowments are grouped into two types, namely:
D. Based on the use of the object, waqf is divided into two types, including:
1. Ubasyir or Dzati, which is an object of waqf that is useful for community service and
can be used directly.
2. Mistitsmary, i.e. the endowment object intended for investment in the production of
goods and services permitted by the Shariah 'in any form, then the results are represented
according to the wishes of the person or people who gives waqf.
According to Islamic law, waqf are said to be valid if they meet two requirements,
namely actions or actions that indicate waqf and express intentions for doing waqf both oral
and written. In addition, the conditions that must be fulfilled in making a legitimate
endowment include:
1. Al-Waqif
A person must be capable of acting in the use of his possessions, in the sense of being
independent, being sensible, mature, and not in a state of loss.
2. Al-Mauquf
The assets that are represented are considered valid if the objects that are represented
have value, are fully owned by the one who gives waqf, have a known level, and ownership
can be transferred and are justified to be represented.
3. Al-Mauqud ‘Alaih
There are two types of parties that receive the benefits of waqf (nadzir), namely certain
parties (mu’ayyan) and non-certain parties (ghaira mu’ayyan). The purpose of certain parties
is that the endowee is a person or group of people and may not be changed. While the non-
certain thing is that the benefits of waqf are not specified in detail.
4. Sighah
Sighah relates to the content of the utterance at the time of waqf. The requirements
include:
- Speech is certain.
1. Wakif (individuals or legal entities) facing nadzir in the presence of the Pejabat
Pembuat Akta Ikrar Wakaf (PPAIW). If waqf are made for an undetermined amount, Nadzir
is not required to attend.
2. The waqf pledge was carried out by the wakif to nadzir in the presence of PPAIW by
bringing two people as witnesses.
5. The Wakif must provide valid and original documents on the assets or assets to be
presented as well as a statement stating that the land or building is in complete condition and
free from disputes or ties.
Zakah fitri is a zakah that must be paid before Eid Al-Fitr prayers are carried out. The
type of zakat paid is in the form of staple food that is commonly consumed. Everyone must
pay zakat of 2.5 kg of rice or the equivalent of 3.5 liters, include baby. If you want to be paid
in cash, then the amount of money paid must be equivalent to the price of 2.5 kg of rice at
that time.
The word waqf comes from Arabic, which means to hold, stop, or be quiet. The
purpose of withholding is not to be traded, gifted or inherited. According to shariah, waqf is
an expression which contains to hold giving away of their property to another person or
institution. According to UU No. 41 year of 2004 waqf is a legal act by those who do waqf to
separate or give a part of their property or assets to be used forever or for a certain period of
time for the purposes of worship or public welfare in accordance with Islamic religious
provisions. The differences from shadaqah, zakah, and infaq are all aspects of waqaf starting
from giving, receiving, giving process, and given assets must be clear because all aspects will
go into the recording of The Pejabat Pembuat Akta Ikrar Wakaf and The Badan Wakaf
Indonesia.