BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
1.2 Tujuan
Tujuan perhitungan dari konstruksi gedung ini adalah untuk menerapkan ilmu-ilmu yang
telah dipelajari agar dapat dipergunakan di lapangan dan juga sebagai perbandingan antara teori
dengan penerapannya di lapangan, sehingga memberikan wawasan yang lebih luas bagi para
mahasiswa.
BAB II
PEMBEBANAN
Direncanakan :
Panjang bentang kuda-kuda = 10 m
Sudut kemiringan atap = 27 o
Penutup atap = Beton (50 kg/m2 , SNI – 2013)
Jarak antar kuda-kuda =3m
Jarak antar gording =1m
Plafond + penggantung = 18 kg/m2 (SNI – 2002)
Mutu baja yang digunakan = Bj 34
Tegangan leleh (fy) = 2100 kg/cm2
Tegangan dasar izin (σ ) = 1400 kg/cm2
Modulus elastisitas baja = 2,1 x 106 kg/cm2
Batang H
H1 = H 9= 0,4256 m
H ❑2=H 8=0,6418m
H ❑3=H 7=0,842m
H ❑4 =H 6=1,2256 m
H5 =1,7302 m
Batang Vertikal
Batang Diagonal
D4 = D5= √ ¿ ¿ ¿ = V6 1,053494
V7 0,756033
√ 4,1538+2,99359 = V8 0,54386 2,67346
H1 0,4256
H2 0,6418
H3 0,842
Tabel 2.1 Panjang Batang H4 1,2256 Kuda-
kuda H5 1,7302
H6 1,2256
H7 0,842
H8 0,6418
H9 0,4256
D1 0,841189
D2 1,131611
D3 1,61615
Konstruksi Kuda-Kuda Baja D4 2,67346 (1904101010024)
DAIYAN ROSSA SOESELLA
D5 2,67346
D6 1,61615
D7 1,131611
D8 0,841189
Perencanaan Konstruksi Gedung I
Mutu baja = Bj 34
Tegangan leleh (fy) = 2100 kg/cm2 = 210 MPa
Tegangan dasar izin (σ ) = 1400 kg/cm2 = 140 MPa
Modulus elastisitas baja (E) = 2,1 x 106 kg/cm2
−2 4
4 5 (26,10)(10 )(300)
5qy L =0 , 396 cm
6
fy = 384 E I y = 384(2,1 .10 )(8 ,71 )
Py L3
fy = = 45,40 ¿¿
48 E I y
−2 4
5 (8,35 )(10 )(300)
5 q y L4 =0 ,127 cm
6
fy = 384 E I y = 384(2,1 .10 )(8 ,71 )
Momen akibat beban terpusat > momen akibat beban terbagi rata, maka tegangan
yang timbul ditentukan oleh beban terpusat.
fy = 0
b. Angin hisap
Koef angin hisap = -0,4
qx = koef angin x tek. angin x jarak gording
= - 0,4 x 40 x 1
= - 16 kg/m
qy = 0
Mx = 1/8 qx L2 = 1/8 (16) (3)2 = 18 kgm
My = 0
Dx = ½ qx L = ½ (16) (3) = 24 kg
Dy = 0
fy = 0
Tabel 2.2 Momen dan bidang geser akibat variasi dan kombinasi beban
a. Pembebanan primer
M tot Mx My
σlt ytb = = +
W Wx Wy
12446 6342
= + =1034,793 kg/cm2 < σ =1400 kg/cm2 ... (aman)
34,7 9,38
b. Pembebanan sekunder
M tot Mx My
σlt ytb = = +
W Wx Wy
Konstruksi Kuda-Kuda Baja DAIYAN ROSSA SOESELLA (1904101010024)
Perencanaan Konstruksi Gedung I
13076 6342
= + = 1052,949 kg/cm2 < 1,3σ =1820 kg/cm2... (aman)
34,7 9,38
= 22,18 cm3
bx = t = 0,40 cm
b. Terhadap sumbu y – y
F1 = t A = 0,4 (12,5) = 5 cm2
F2 = F3 = t(Cy-t) = 0,4 (1,68 – 0,4) = 0,51 cm2
x1 = Cy-(t/2) = 1,68 – (0,4 / 2) = 1,48 cm
x2 = x3 = ½(Cy-t) = ½ (1,68 – 0,4) = 0,64 cm
Sy = (F1 . x1) + (F2 . x2) + (F3 . x3)
= (5 x 1,48) + (0,51 x 0,64) + (0,4 x 0,64)
= 8,06 cm3
by = t 2 = 0,4 x 2 = 0,8 cm
Beban Primer
Dx . S x D y . S y
τytb = +
bx . I x by . I y
121,40 x 22,18 61,86 x 8,06
= + = 49,85 kg/cm2 < τ = 812 kg/cm2
0,4 x 217 0,8 x 33,1
Beban Sekunder
Dx . S x D y . S y
τytb = +
bx . I x by . I y
129,8 x 22,18 61,86 x 8,06
= + = 51,99 kg/cm2 < 5/4τ = 1055,6 kg/cm2
0,4 x 217 0,8 x 33,1
H ❑2=H 8=0,6418m
P = 0,6418x 10,363 = 6,6509 kg
H ❑3=H 7=0,842m
P = 0,842x 10,363 = 8,7256 kg
H ❑4 =H 6=1,2256 m
P = 1,2256x 10,363 = 12,7009 kg
H5 =1,7302 m
P = 1,7302 x 10,363 = 17,9300 kg
A❑2= A 11=0,4776 m
P = 0,4776x 10,363 = 4,94936 kg
Konstruksi Kuda-Kuda Baja DAIYAN ROSSA SOESELLA (1904101010024)
Perencanaan Konstruksi Gedung I
A❑4 =A 9=0,9449 m
P = 0,9449x 10,363 = 9,79199 kg
A❑5= A 8=1,3755 m
P = 1,3755x 10,363 = 14,2543 kg
A❑6= A 7=1,9418 m
P = 1,9418x 10,363 = 20,1228 kg
A❑12=2,2447 m
P = 2,2447x 10,363 = 23,2618 kg
V2=V7 = 0,756033 m
P = 0,756033 x 10,363 = 7,8347 kg
V3=V6 = 1,053494 m
P = 1,053494 x 10,363 = 10,91735 kg
V4=V5 = 1,506055 m
P = 1,506055 x 10,363 = 15,60724 kg
D2 = D7 = 1,131611
P = 1,131611x 10,363 = 11,7268 kg
D3 = D6 = 1,61615
P = 1,61615 x 10,363 = 16,7481 kg
D4 = D5 = 2,67346
P = 2,67346 x 10,363 = 27,7050 kg
Pelimpahan Muatan
o Titik A = B = A1 + ½ (A2 + H1)
= 11,630 + ½ (4,94936 + 4,4105)
=16,309 kg
o Titik E = Q = ½ (A3 + V2 + A4 + D2 )
= ½ (7,464468 + 7,8347 + 9,79199+11,7268)
= 18,4089 kg
o Titik G = O = ½ (A5 + V3 + A4 + D3 )
= ½ (14,2543 + 10,91735 +9,79199 + 16,7481)
= 25,8558 kg
o Titik I = M = ½ (A6 + V4 + A5 )
= ½ (20,1228 + 15,60724 + 14,2543)
= 24,992 kg
o Titik K = ½ (A5 + D4 + A6 + D5 )
= ½ (14,2543 +27,7050+ 20,1228 + 27,7050)
= 44,8935 kg
o Titik D = R = ½ (H1 + V1 + H2 )
= ½ (4,4105 + 5,6360+ 6,6509)
= 8,3487 kg
P = 25 % x 37,5 = 9,375 kg
Batang I - K
∑MK = 0
(P ' ' )(0,05)+( P)(0 , 6116) (173,13)(0,05)+(172,5)(0 , 6116)
RIK = 0,9710
= 0,9710
= 117,566 kg
∑MI = 0
(P)(0,3594)+( P ' ')(0,9210) (172,5)(0,3594)+(173,13)(0,9210)
RKI = 0,9710
= 0,9710
= 221,449kg
∑V = 0
(RIK + RKI) – (P+P’’) =0
Batang C – E
∑ME = 0
(P)(0,4001)+(P)(0,3202) (172,5)(0,4001)+(172,5)(0,3202)
RCE = 0,7203
= 0,7203
= 172,5 kg
∑MC = 0
(P)(0,3202)+(P)(0,4001) (172,5)(0,3202)+(172,5)(0,4001)
REC == 0,7203
= 0,7203
= 172,5 kg
∑V = 0
(RCE + REC) – (P + P ) =0
(172,5+ 172,5) – (172,5+ 172,5) =0
Konstruksi Kuda-Kuda Baja DAIYAN ROSSA SOESELLA (1904101010024)
Perencanaan Konstruksi Gedung I
1 =0
Batang A’ – A – C
∑MC = 0
(P)(0,6000)+(P ' )(1,6000)
RAC = 0,4777
(172,5)(0,6000)+(100,308)(1,6000)
= 0,4777
= 552,633 kg
∑MA = 0
( P )( 0,1223 ) +(P' )( 1,1223)
RCA = 0,4777
= ¿¿
= 133,672 kg
∑V = 0
(RAC + RCA) – (P + P’) =0
(552,633+133,672) – (172,5+100,308) =0
413,527 =0
Batang S – B – B’
∑MS = 0
(P)(0,7223)+( P)(1,7223)+( P ')(2,7223)
RBS = 2,2447
(172,5)(07223)+(172,5)(1,7223)+(100,308)(2,7223)
= 2,2447
= 694,761 kg
∑MB = 0
−(P)(0,2447)−( P)(1,2447)−(P ' )(2,2447)
RSB = 2,2447
−(172,5)(0,2447)−(172,5)(1,2447)−(100,308)(2,2447)
= 2,2447
= -95,547 kg
∑V = 0
Konstruksi Kuda-Kuda Baja DAIYAN ROSSA SOESELLA (1904101010024)
Perencanaan Konstruksi Gedung I
Batang K-M
∑MM = 0
(P)(0,2370)+(P ' ' ' )(0,9210) (172,5)(0,1078)+(165,472)(0,9210)
RKM = 0,9710
= 0,9710
= 190,102 kg
∑MK = 0
(P ' ' ' )(0,05)+(P)(0,7840) (165,472)(0,05)+(172,5)(0,7840)
RMK = 0,9710
= 0,9710
= 147,87 kg
∑V = 0
(RKM + RMK) – (P+P’’’) =0
Batang M-O
∑MO = 0
(P)(0,7630)+( P)(0,6125) (172,5)(0,7630)+(172,5)(0,6125)
RMO = 1,3755
= 1,3755
= 172,5 kg
∑MM = 0
(P)(0,6125)+( P)(0,7630)
ROM = = (172,5)(0,6125)+(172,5)(0,7630) = 172,5 kg
1,3755 1,3755
∑V = 0
(RMO + ROM) – (P + P ) =0
(172,5+ 172,5)– (172,5+ 172,5) =0
1 =0
Batang O - Q
∑MQ = 0
(P)(0,3875)+(P)(0,5575) (172,5)(0,3875)+(172,5)(0,5575)
ROQ = 0,9450
= 0,9450
= 172,5 kg
∑MO = 0
(P)(0,5575)+(P)(0,3875)
RQO = = (172,5)(0,5575)+(172,5)(0,3875) = 172,5 kg
0,9450 0,9450
∑V = 0
(ROQ + RQO) – (P + P ) =0
(172,5+ 172,5)– (172,5+ 172,5) =0
2 =0
Konstruksi Kuda-Kuda Baja DAIYAN ROSSA SOESELLA (1904101010024)
Perencanaan Konstruksi Gedung I
Batang Q-S
∑MS = 0
(P)(0,4450)+(P)(0,3027) (172,5)(0,4450)+(172,5)(0,3027)
RQS = 0,7477
= 0,7477
= 172,5 kg
∑MQ = 0
(P)(0,3027)+(P)(0,4450)
RSQ = = (172,5)(0,3027)+(172,5)(0,4450) = 172,5 kg
0,7477 0,7477
∑V = 0
(RQS + RSQ) – (P + P ) =0
(172,5+ 172,5)– (172,5+ 172,5) =0
3 =0
Batang E-G
∑MG = 0
(P)(0,6798)+(P)(0,2652) (172,5)(0,6798)+(172,5)(0,2652)
REG = 0,9450
= 0,9450
= 172,5 kg
∑ME = 0
(P)(0,2652)+(P)(0,6798)
RGE = = (172,5)(0,2652)+(172,5)(0,6798) = 172,5 kg
0,9450 0,9450
∑V = 0
(REG + RGE) – (P + P ) =0
(172,5+ 172,5)– (172,5+ 172,5) =0
4 =0
Batang G-I
∑MI = 0
(P)(0,7348)+(P)(0,6047) (172,5)(0,7348)+(172,5)(0,6047)
RGI = 1,3755
= 1,3755
= 172,5 kg
∑MG = 0
(P)(0,6047)+(P)(0,7348)
RIG = = (172,5)(0,6047)+(172,5)(0,7348) = 172,5 kg
1,3755 1,3755
∑V = 0
(RGI + RIG) – (P + P ) =0
(172,5+ 172,5)– (172,5+ 172,5) =0
5 =0
Jadi, Pelimpahan beban penutup atap + gording pada masing-masing titik buhul :
Konstruksi Kuda-Kuda Baja DAIYAN ROSSA SOESELLA (1904101010024)
Perencanaan Konstruksi Gedung I
Titik A = RAC
= 552,633 kg
Titik B = RBS
= 694,761 kg
Titik A = ((1/2 H1) + A1) x Jarak kuda-kuda x (Beban plafond dan penggantung)
= ((½ x 0,4256) + 1,1223) x 3 x 18
= 72,0954 kg
Titik B = ((1/2 H9) + A12) x Jarak kuda-kuda x (Beban plafond dan penggantung)
= ((½ x 0,4256) + 2,2447) x 3 x 18
= 132,705 kg
Titik D = R = 1/2 (H1 + H2) x Jarak kuda-kuda x (Beban plafond dan penggantung)
= ½ (0,4256 + 0,6418) x 3 x 18
= 28,8198 kg
Beban terbagi rata per m2 bidang datar berasal dari beban air hujan adalah sebesar (40 –
0,8α) kg/m2.
q = 40 – 0,8 α = 40 – 0,8 (270) = 18,4 kg/m2
= 0,14 x 40 x ½ (1,9418+1,9418) x 3
= 32,62224 kg
= -0,4 x 40 x ½ (1,9418+1,9418) x 3
= -93,206 kg
∑MB = 0
( P 10 ) ( 0,4256 ) + ( P 9 ) ( 1,0674 ) + ( P 8 ) ( 1,9094 ) + ( P 7 ) ( 3,135 )+ ( P 6 )( 4,000 )
RAV = + ( P 5 ) ( 4,8561 ) + P ( 4 )( 6,0817 )+ P 3 ( 6,9237 ) + P ( 2 ) (7,5655 )+ P 1(8) =
8
( 351,1 )( 0,4256 )+ ( 633 )( 1,0674 )+ ( 667 ) (1,9094 ) + ( 561 )( 3,135 ) + ( 275 )( 4,000 )
+ ( 685 ) ( 4,8561 ) + ( 667 ) ( 6,0817 ) +( 633) ( 6,9237 ) + ( 325 ) ( 7,5655 ) +(764 )( 8) =3165,3 kg
8
∑MA = 0
( P 2 ) ( 0,4256 ) + ( P 3 )( 1,0674 )+ ( P 4 ) ( 1,9094 ) + ( P 5 ) ( 3,135 )+ ( P 6 )( 4,000 )
RBV = + ( P 7 )( 4,8561 )+ P ( 8 ) ( 6,0817 ) + P(9) ( 6,9237 ) + P ( 10 ) (7,5655 )+ P (11)(8) =
8
( 325 ) ( 0,4256 ) + ( 633 ) ( 1,0674 ) + ( 667 ) ( 1,9094 ) + ( 685 )( 3,135 ) + ( 275 ) ( 4,000 )
+ ( 561 )( 4,8561 )+ ( 667 )( 6,0817 )+(633) ( 6,9237 ) + ( 351,1 )( 7,5655 ) +(1000)( 8) = 3235,3kg
8
∑P . x
X1 =
∑P
( PA x 0 ) + ( PC x 0,4776 )+ ( PE x 1,1979 )+(PG x 2,1428)+ ( PI x 3,5183 )+( PK x 5,4601)
=
PA + PC + PE+ PG + PI + PK
( 764 x 0 )+ ( 188 x 0,4776 ) + ( 477 x 1,1979 )
= + ( 490 x 2,1428 ) + ( 460 x 3,5183 ) +(275 x 5,4601)
764+188+ 477+ 490+460+ 275
= 1,82 m
∑P . x
X2 =
∑P
( PB x 0 ) + ( PS x 0,4776 ) + ( PQ x 1,1979 )+ ( PO x 2,1428 ) + ( PMx 3,5183 )+( PK x 5,4601)
=
PB+ PS+ PQ + PO+ PM + PK
( 1000 x 0 ) + ( 214 x 0,4776 ) + ( 477 x 1,1979 )+ ( 490 x 2,1428 )
= + ( 337 x 3,5183 )+(275 x 5,4601)
1000+214+ 477+ 490+ 337+275
= 1,579 m
∑P . x
X1 =
∑P
( PA x 0 ) + ( PC x 0,4776 )+ ( PE x 1,1979 )+(PG x 2,1428)+ ( PI x 3,5183 )+( PK x 5,4601)
=
PA + PC + PE+ PG + PI + PK
( 764 x 0 )+ ( 188 x 0,4776 ) + ( 477 x 1,1979 )
= + ( 490 x 2,1428 ) + ( 460 x 3,5183 ) +(275 x 5,4601)
764+188+ 477+ 490+460+ 275
= 1,82 m
∑P . x
X2 =
∑P
( PB x 0 ) + ( PS x 0,4776 ) + ( PQ x 1,1979 )+ ( PO x 2,1428 ) + ( PMx 3,5183 )+( PK x 5,4601)
=
PB+ PS+ PQ + PO+ PM + PK
( 1000 x 0 ) + ( 214 x 0,4776 ) + ( 477 x 1,1979 )+ ( 490 x 2,1428 )
= + ( 337 x 3,5183 )+(275 x 5,4601)
1000+214+ 477+ 490+ 337+275
= 1,579 m