DAFTAR ISI

Daftar Halaman
HALAMAN JUDUL ........................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................ ii
PERNYATAAN .................................................................................................. iv
HALAMAN MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN ............................................... v
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... vi
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ viii
DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................ 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ......................................................................... 1
1.2 Perumusan Masalah ................................................................. 2
1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat ................................................................. 2
1.3.1 Tujuan ...................................................................................... 2
1.3.2 Manfaat .................................................................................... 3
1.4 Batasan Masalah ....................................................................... 3
1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................... 4

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .................................................................. 5

2.1 Umum ....................................................................................... 5
2.2 Hubungan Transformator ......................................................... 6
2.2.1 Transformator Hubungan Segitiga-Segitiga ............................. 6
2.2.2 Transformator Hubungan Segitiga Bintang .............................. 6
2.2.3 Transformator Hubungan Bintang Segitiga .............................. 7
2.2.4 Transformator Hubungan Bintang-Bintang .............................. 8
2.3 Prinsip Dasar Kerja Transformator ........................................... 9
2.4 Inti Besi ..................................................................................... 10
 2.5 Current Carying Circuit ............................................................ 11
2.6 Bushing ..................................................................................... 11
2.7 Pendingin .................................................................................. 12
2.8 Konservator .............................................................................. 13
2.9 Rangkaian Ekivalen Transformator .......................................... 14
2.10 Eksitasi Pada Transformator ..................................................... 16
2.11 Faktor Kerja Transformator ...................................................... 17
2.11.1 Menentukan Parameter Transformator ................................... 18
2.12 Hubungan Transformator Tenaga di GI ................................ 20
2.12.1 Hubungan Bintang-Bintang .................................................... 20
2.13 Pengaman Transformator Tenaga di GI ................................ 20
2.13.1 Relai Diferensial ..................................................................... 20
2.14 Gangguan Pada Transformator Tenaga .................................. 21
2.14.1 Gangguan Internal .................................................................. 21
2.14.2 Gangguan Eksternal ................................................................ 22
2.15 Gangguan Hubung Singkat ..................................................... 24
2.16 Gangguan Hubung Singkat Satu Fasa Ketanah ...................... 25
2.17 Impedansi Ekivalen Urutan Nol ............................................. 28
2.18 Rele Arus Lebih (OCR) .......................................................... 29
2.19 Prinsip Kerja OCR .................................................................. 29

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................ 31

3.1 Umum ....................................................................................... 31
3.2 Sumber Data ............................................................................. 32
3.3 Teknik Pengambilan Data ........................................................ 33
3.4 Langkah-Langkah Penelitian .................................................... 34
3.5 Perhitungan Arus Gangguan...................................................... 34
3.6 Perhitungan Arus Gangguan Hubung Singkat
Satu fasa Ketanah ..................................................................... 35
3.7 Perhitungan Resistansi Pentanahan .......................................... 36
3.8 Perhitungan Tegangan Sentuh Satu Fasa Ketanah ................... 36
 3.9 Perhitungan Setting Rele Arus Lebih ....................................... 38
3.9.1 Setting OCR .............................................................................. 38

BAB IV ANALISIS DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................. 39

4.1 Data Spesifikasi Peralatan di PT.PLN (Persero)
UPP Sumbagsel 2 .................................................................... 39
4.1.1 Spesifikasi Transformator 10 MVA di PT.PLN (Persero)
UPP Sumbagsel 2 ..................................................................... 41
4.2 Perhitungan Impedansi Transformator ..................................... 42
4.3 Perhitungan Arus Gangguan Hubung Singkat
Satu Fasa Ketanah .................................................................... 43
4.4 Perhitungan Resistansi Pentanahan .......................................... 44
4.5 Perhitungan Tegangan Sentuh Satu Fasa Ketanah ................... 45
4.6 Perhitungan Setting Rele Arus Lebih ....................................... 46
4.6.1 Rele Arus Lebih Sisi 70 KV ..................................................... 46
4.6.2 Rele Arus Lebih Sisi 20 KV ..................................................... 46
4.7 Analisa ...................................................................................... 47

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ........................................................ 48

5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................ 48
5.2 Saran .......................................................................................... 49

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 50

LAMPIRAN
 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel Halaman
2.1 Macam – Macam Pendingin Pada Transformator ...................................... 12
4.1 Data Transformator Unindo ....................................................................... 38
 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar Halaman
2.1 Transformator Tiga Fasa ........................................................................... 5
2.2 Transformator Hubungan Delta – Delta .................................................... 6
2.3 Transformator Hubungan Delta Bintang ................................................... 7
2.4 Transformator Hubungan Bintang Delta ................................................... 8
2.5 Transformator Hubungan Bintan – Bintang .............................................. 8
2.6 Prinsip Kerja Transformator ...................................................................... 9
2.7 Inti Besi ..................................................................................................... 10
2.8 Belitan Transformator ............................................................................... 11
2.9 Bushing ...................................................................................................... 11
2.10 Konservator ............................................................................................... 13
2.11 Konstruksi Konservator ............................................................................. 14
2.12 Pemodelan Transformator Ke Bentuk Rangkaian Listrik ......................... 15
2.13 Rangkaian Ekivalen Secara Eksak ............................................................ 16
2.14 Eksitasi Pada Transformator ...................................................................... 16
2.15 Rangkaian Pengukuran Transformator Tanpa Beban ................................ 18
2.16 Rangkaian Pengukuran Transformator Berbeban ..................................... 19
2.17 Transformator Hubungan Bintang – Bintang ............................................ 20
2.18 Gangguan Hubung Singkat Satu Fasa Ketanah ......................................... 26
2.19 Gangguan Satu Fasa Ketanah .................................................................... 26
2.20 Rangkaian Pengawatan OCR dan GFR ..................................................... 29
 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran Halaman
A. Surat Permahonan Pengambilan Data Dari Fakultas Teknik ...................... A-1
B. Surat Pengambilan Data Dari PT.PLN (Persero) UP3J ............................. B-1
C. Kartu Pembimbing Skripsi I ....................................................................... C-1
D. Kartu Pembimbing Skripsi II ...................................................................... D-1
E. Gambar Nimplit Transformator .................................................................. E-1
F. Gambar Diagram Single Line Transformator ............................................. F-1
G. Data Setelan Relay ...................................................................................... G-1
H. Resistansi jenis tanah .................................................................................. H-1
I. Perhitungan elektroda pentanahan .............................................................. I-1
J. Standar Tegangan Sentuh Menurut IEEE Std 80-1986 .............................. J-1
 DAFTAR NOTASI

a : Jari-jari pasak elektroda

Esentuh : Tegangan sentuh
I : Arus
IC : Arus tembaga
Im : Arus Pemagnetan
Iset (primer) : Arus setting sisi primer
Iset (sekunder) : Arus setting sisi sekunder
kV : Kilo volt ampere
L : Kedalaman penanaman
MVA : Mega volt ampere
NP : Lilitan primer
NS : Lilitan sekunder
R : Hambatan
R1 : Hambatan primer
R2 : Hambatan sekunder
Ratio CT : Ratio transformator tenaga
Rek : Rangkaian ekivalen
RC : Hambatan tembaga
RN : Tahanan netral
Rst : Besar resistansi elektroda pentanahan
a : Lama gangguan
Ue : Tegangan jatuh pada elektroda pentanahan
V : Tegangan
X1 : Reaktansi primer
X2 : Rektansi sekunder
Xin : Impedansi input
Xm : Reaktansi pemahnetan
XT : Reaktansi transformator
XTO : Reaktansi urutan nol
Z : Impedansi
Z1 : Impedansi urutan positif
Z2 : Impedansi urutan negatif
Z0 : Impedansi urutan nol
Z2Ekiv : Impedansi negatif ekivalen
Z0Ekiv : Impedansi nol ekivalen
Cos θ : Faktor Kerja
ρ : Tahanan jenis tanah