Interaksi Antara Mikrobiota Usus Dan Sis 498669ab
Interaksi Antara Mikrobiota Usus Dan Sis 498669ab
ABSTRAK
Sejumlah besar mikrobiota yang menghuni sistem pencernaan manusia memiliki peran penting
dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Mikrobiota ini melaksanakan fungsi penting untuk fisiologi
inang. Dalam tubuh manusia terdapat sekitar 10-100 triliun mikrobiota. Jumlah mikrobioma pada
manusia paling banyak terdapat di usus, yaitu sekitar 100 triliun sel-sel mikrobiota yang terdiri
dari 1.000 spesies berbeda. Mikrobiota adalah seluruh mikroba yang hidup di tubuh manusia yang
terdiri dari bakteri, archae, virus, dan jamur yang pada umumnya hidup di setiap bagian tubuh
manusia seperi kulit, vagina, hidung dan mulut. Bakteri pada mikrobioma manusia memiliki peran
pada imunitas, nutrisi, dan perkembangan manusia. Di sini ditinjau tentang interaksi antara koloni
mikroba dan sistem kekebalan tubuh dan implikasi dari temuan ini bagi kesehatan manusia.
Kata-kata kunci: mikrobiota usus, sistem kekebalan tubuh, interaksi, bakteria.
ABSTRACT
Most of the gut microbiota has important role in human immune system. These microbiota
conducts important function for host physiology. The microbiota in the human body can range
around 10 to 100 billion in number which contained 1,000 different species. Microbiota are the
whole microbes living in human body such as bacteria, archaea, virus, and fungi, located on the
skin or inside the vagina, nose and mouth. Bacteria in human microbiome has important roles in
nutrition, immunity, and human development. This article discussed about interaction of microbes
and immune system along with the implication of the interaction for human health.
Keywords: Gut microbiota, immune system, interaction, bacteria
Gambar 1. Mikrobiota usus dalam perkembangan dan penyakit. Pengaruh dari mikrobiota usus
terhadap kesehatan manusia adalah berkelanjutan dari lahir hingga dewasa. Faktor
lingkungan, faktor nutrisi, dan faktor telah dilibatkan dalam perkembangan untuk
simbiosis dari kesehatan usus dan mikrobiota (Nicholson et al., 2012).
Gambar 2. Penghalang usus dan perubahannya selama pathogenesis oleh GVHD (Heidegger et
al., 2014)
Gambar 3. Interaksi fungsional antara mikrobiota dan sistem kekebalan usus. Keseimbangan
evolusi dipengaruhi oleh tekanan lingkungan (Maranduba et al., 2014)
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