4.1.3.

Perhitungan Kecepatan Air

Pengukuran distribusi kecepatan menggunakan tabung pitot. Untuk menghitung
kecepatan di model dan prototype menggunakan persamaan :

Vm = Cp × √ 2gh (kecepatan aliran model)

Berdasarkan Rumus (2.6) dapat diperoleh rumus seperti dibawah ini :
Vp = Vm × nh1/2 (kecepatan aliran Prototype)

Dengan :
Vm = kecepatan di model (m/dt)
Cp = koefisien pitot tube = 0,980
∆h = selisih tinggi muka air di tabung pitot (m)
Vp = kecepatan di prototype (m/s)
nh = skala model
g = percepatan gravitasi (9,81 m/dt2)

Contoh Perhitungan :
Pengukuran kecepatan aliran menggunakan pitot tube (section 7 kanan)

Data : ∆hrerata = 0,6 cm = 0,0006 m

Cp = 0,980
g = 9,81 m/dt2
Maka :

Vm = Cp x √ 2×g× Δh
= 0,980 × √ 2×9,81×0,0006
Vm = 0,336 m/dt
Vp = Vm . nh1/2 (nh=nL=50)
= 0,336 x (50)1/2
Vp = 2,376 m/dt
(Perhitungan selanjutnya terdapat pada tabel 4.3)
 Tabel 4.4. Perhitungan kecepatan Aliran (Debit II)
Model Vmodel V Prototype
h pitot
Cp Kanan As Kiri Rerata Kanan As Kiri Rerata
Section Kanan Tengah Kiri Rerata
(cm) (cm) (cm) (m) (m/dt) (m/dt) (m/dt) (m/dt) (m/dt) (m/dt) (m/dt) (m/dt)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
IV 3 2.5 2 0.025 0.980 0.752 0.686 0.614 0.686 5.317 4.851 4.342 4.851
III 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.001 0.980 0.194 0.137 0.137 0.137 1.372 0.969 0.969 0.969
II 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.001 0.980 0.194 0.137 0.137 0.137 1.372 0.969 0.969 0.969
I 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.001 0.980 0.137 0.137 0.137 0.137 0.969 0.969 0.969 0.969
0 4.4 4.7 4.4 0.045 0.980 0.911 0.941 0.911 0.921 6.442 6.654 6.442 6.512
1 5.9 6 6.9 0.063 0.980 1.054 1.063 1.140 1.090 7.453 7.517 8.061 7.707
2 7.6 7.5 7.9 0.077 0.980 1.197 1.189 1.220 1.205 8.464 8.407 8.627 8.521
1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.003 0.980 0.194 0.194 0.336 0.238 1.372 1.372 2.376 1.683
2 0.9 2.4 2.6 0.020 0.980 0.412 0.672 0.700 0.614 2.913 4.752 4.950 4.342
3 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.008 0.980 0.363 0.412 0.363 0.388 2.567 2.913 2.567 2.744
4 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.007 0.980 0.388 0.363 0.363 0.363 2.744 2.567 2.567 2.567
5 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.007 0.980 0.388 0.363 0.363 0.363 2.744 2.567 2.567 2.567
6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.008 0.980 0.388 0.363 0.388 0.388 2.744 2.567 2.744 2.744
7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.006 0.980 0.336 0.336 0.336 0.336 2.376 2.376 2.376 2.376
8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.006 0.980 0.336 0.336 0.307 0.336 2.376 2.376 2.171 2.376
9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.007 0.980 0.412 0.363 0.307 0.363 2.913 2.567 2.171 2.567
10 2.6 2.8 2.8 0.027 0.980 0.700 0.726 0.726 0.713 4.950 5.134 5.134 5.042
11 5.5 5.4 5.3 0.054 0.980 1.018 1.009 0.999 1.009 7.198 7.135 7.064 7.135
12 10.5 9.8 10 0.101 0.980 1.407 1.359 1.373 1.380 9.949 9.610 9.709 9.758
 13 14.3 14.5 14.5 0.144 0.980 1.642 1.653 1.653 1.647 11.611 11.688 11.688 11.646
14 23.2 18.3 19.8 0.204 0.980 2.091 1.857 1.932 1.961 14.786 13.131 13.661 13.866
15 27.6 25.5 28.5 0.272 0.980 2.281 2.192 2.317 2.264 16.129 15.500 16.384 16.009
16 26.2 29.6 26.4 0.274 0.980 2.222 2.362 2.230 2.272 15.712 16.702 15.768 16.065
17 31.1 36.7 33.5 0.338 0.980 2.421 2.630 2.512 2.524 17.119 18.597 17.763 17.847
18 38.5 37.9 37.5 0.380 0.980 2.693 2.672 2.658 2.676 19.042 18.894 18.795 18.922
19 36.7 35.4 34.5 0.355 0.980 2.630 2.583 2.550 2.586 18.597 18.265 18.031 18.286
20 25.7 30.5 34.4 0.302 0.980 2.201 2.397 2.546 2.385 15.563 16.949 18.003 16.864
21 47.5 46.5 45.5 0.465 0.980 2.992 2.960 2.928 2.960 21.157 20.930 20.704 20.930
22 9.5 15.7 9.2 0.115 0.980 1.338 1.720 1.317 1.472 9.461 12.162 9.313 10.409
23 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.006 0.980 0.336 0.363 0.336 0.336 2.376 2.567 2.376 2.376
24 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.002 0.980 0.238 0.194 0.137 0.194 1.683 1.372 0.969 1.372
25 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.001 0.980 0.137 0.137 0.137 0.137 0.969 0.969 0.969 0.969
26 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.001 0.980 0.137 0.137 0.137 0.137 0.969 0.969 0.969 0.969
27 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.001 0.980 0.194 0.137 0.137 0.137 1.372 0.969 0.969 0.969
28 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.006 0.980 0.275 0.336 0.412 0.336 1.945 2.376 2.913 2.376
29 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.005 0.980 0.388 0.194 0.336 0.307 2.744 1.372 2.376 2.171
30 1.7 1.3 1.2 0.014 0.980 0.566 0.495 0.476 0.514 4.002 3.500 3.366 3.635
31 2.5 1.3 1.2 0.017 0.980 0.686 0.495 0.476 0.566 4.851 3.500 3.366 4.002
32 1.5 1.6 1.7 0.016 0.980 0.532 0.549 0.566 0.549 3.762 3.882 4.002 3.882
33 1.2 1.3 1.4 0.013 0.980 0.476 0.495 0.514 0.495 3.366 3.500 3.635 3.500
34 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.012 0.980 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476 3.366 3.366 3.366 3.366
35 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.007 0.980 0.336 0.363 0.363 0.363 2.376 2.567 2.567 2.567
36 0.5 1.8 1 0.011 0.980 0.307 0.582 0.434 0.455 2.171 4.115 3.069 3.217
37 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.013 0.980 0.476 0.495 0.495 0.495 3.366 3.500 3.500 3.500

Sumber : Hasil Perhitungan