Fisiologi Fonasi LBM5 2018 (Dr. Nura)
Fisiologi Fonasi LBM5 2018 (Dr. Nura)
Bagian Fisiologi
FK UNISSULA
2018
Larynx Structure
Modeling Phonation
Larynx in Speech
Struktur Laring
Terdiri atas:
Kartilago
Jaringan ikat (ligamen, membran)
Musculus
5-7 cm ; Batas atas : ujung epiglotis, batas
bawah : tepi bawah kartilago cricoid
Kartilago
Ekstrinsik
Membran tirohyoid
Membran cricotiroid
(median dan lateral)
Intrinsik
Membran quadrangular
Conus elasticus
Ligamen : vocalis
dan vestibulars
Musculus
Ekstrinsik
Suprahyoid
Infrahyoid
Intrinsik
Musculus Suprahyoid
Musculus Aksi Innervasi
Mylohyoid Menarik hyoid ke n.Alveolar inferior
depan (cab. N. mandibula)
Geniohyoid Menarik hyoid ke Serabut Ansa cervikal I
depan
Stylohyoid Mengangkat hyoid Cab. N. facialis (VII)
saat menelan
Digastricus Menarik hyoid ke Ca.mandibular N. V
ant/post (ant)
Cab.digastrik N.VII
(post)
Stylofaringeus Mengangkat laring N . IX
Palatofaringeus Menarik miring ke Pleksus faringeal N.X
depan laring
Salfingofaringeus Mengangkat laring Pleksus faringeal N.X
Musculus Infrahyoid
Musculus Aksi Innervasi
Tyrohyoid Elevasi laring Ansa cervicalis
Sternohyoid Mendepresi laring (pleksus cervicalis
C1-C3)
Sternothyroid Mendepresi laring
Musculus Intrinsik
Musculus Aksi Inervasi
Cricotyroid Tensor laring n. Laringeus
Adduksi plica vocalis superior
cab.eksternal
Cricoaritenoid Adduksi plica vokalis n. Rekuren
lateral laringeus
Cricoaritenoid Abduksi plica vocalis n. Rekuren
posterior (“safety laringeus
muscle”)
Aritenoid Adduksi plica vokalis n. Rekuren
laringeus
Tyroaritenoid Adduksi plica vokalis n. Rekuren
Relaxor laring laringeus
Fungsi Laring
FUNGSI
PROTEKSI
FUNGSI
RESPIRASI
Fungi Fonasi
Laring sebagai vibrator (penggetar)
Elemen : pita suara (vocal cord)
Vokalisasi
When we speak :
1. We formulate what we are going to say in
Wernicke’s area
2. Then transmits our plan of speech to Broca’s
area
3. the plan then is carried out via the motor
cortex
Wernicke and Broca area
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iHDF5twkcE
Broca’s area
SUARA
BERNOULLI EFFECT
Bila laju/kecepatan aliran fluida (cairan
maupun gas) bertambah besar, maka
tekanan fluida di tempat itu menjadi lebih
kecil dan sebaliknya, turun/naiknya tekanan
tegak lurus dengan arah aliran
Skema Bernoulli Effect. panah : pergerakan tekanan. Ketika udara
bergerak melewati saluran sempit, tekanan didalam menurun dan
tekanan diluar meningkat sehingga menarik sisi tersebut kedalam.
Siklus Glotis
/Vibratory cycle
The vocal folds alternately trap
and release air; each trap/release
is one cycle of vibration. This
cycle is often referred to as the
glottic cycle, and it is divided into
phases: opening phase, open
phase, closing phase, closed
phase
During the closed phase, the air
pressure builds up below the vocal
folds. When the glottis opens, the
air explodes through the vocal
folds, and that's the beginning of
the sound wave. The strength of
that explosion determines the
loudness of the sound coming
directly from the larynx.
When the vocal folds are:
1. open: air passes cleanly through (= voiceless
sound/berbisik)
2. closed: air does not pass through (= no sound)
3. lightly brought together: vocal folds vibrate in passing
air(= voiced sound)
Sliding motion memanjangkan/
Rocking motion abduksi / adduksi Memendekan plica vocalis
Pitch