;/10 markah]

,ling of each
the water in
CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Physics (c) It is necessary to stir the liquid to ensure that the
kuasa bagi
rlr PAPER 1 temperature of the liquid is uniform.
daripada air 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 A 5 B
6 D 7 D 8 D 9 A 10 D
11 A 12 C 13 A 14 B 15 C Section B
6 (a) i. r - - - - - - - - - - - r - - - - - - - - - - ,
16 C 17 B 18 C 19 D 20 B Base unit
21 C 22 D 23 B 24 A 25 C
26 B 27 D 28 D 29 A 30 A F kg m S-2

31 C 32 A 33 D 34 C 35 A M kg
36 B 37 C
m kg
r m
PAPER 2
Section A [2m]

1 (a) ~~~~~~l~~~~~~~ By rearranging the equation, F = eM';'

r
[1m]

e=~
mM
2
Derived units of e = (kg m s-2)(m ) = kg- l m' S-2
(kg) (kg) [1m]
rlc/i markah] (b) i. 12 m sol ii. One example of scalar quantity: Mass (m or M) or
ii. Time taken = 28 - 12 s = 16 s distance (r) [1m]
~km Vector quantity: Force (F). [1m]
(c) 12 m sol = 12 m = 1 000 = 12 x 3600 km (b) i. Consistency is the tendency for the values of
rk/i markah] Is _1_ h 1000h measurement to be close to each other and
3600 concentrate at a particular value. [1 m]
r apparatus, = 43.2 km h- '
2 (a) i. 1.2 cm ii. Accuracy is how close the value of a measurement
ii. Diameter of copper wire P = 1.2 cm = 0.060 cm or is to the actual value. [1m]
Tangkan satu 0.60 mm 20 (c) 1. The jaws are closed and the zero error is recorded.
(b) This method can improve the sensitivity of a metre The zero error is corrected for all the readings
rule. taken. [1m]
One example of systematic error is the end error or zero 2. Parallax error is avoided by taking readings at a
£nOL
position perpendicular to the scale. [1m]
f1l random error is the parallax error. 3. Repeated measurements at different places on the
-gauge. ping-pong ball are made. The average value of all
aating too much pressure on the object the readings is calculated to reduce random error.
doe to overtightening of the spindle. [1m]
+1lD2 mm (d) i. One example of systematic error is zero error.
Corrected reading = 4.86 ~ (+ 0.02) mm = 4.84 mm [1m]
One example of random error is parallax error.
ii. Thickness of 1 sheet of paper = 4.84 mm [1m]
50
= 0.097 mm ii. - The readings taken by Group A are recorded up
4 (a) i. Ammeter to one decimal place while that by Group Bare
variable and ii. Electric current. up to two decimal places. [1m]
(b) i. P: 0.8A This shows that both groups are using stopwatches
mboleh ubah Q: 0.84 A of different sensitivities. [1 m]
ii. Q is more sensitive than P. Analogue stopwatches are probably used by
(c) To avoid parallax error by making sure that the readings Group A while digital stopwatches are used by
are taken from the correct eye position. Group B. [1m]
5 (a) i. Mercury iii. - Readings obtained by Group A are less distributed
ii. Increases in length and volume/Expansion occurs. and are close to each other (around 8.3 s).
(b) i. Thermometer R. [1m]
ii. Its smallest division is smaller than that of S/It is Therefore, readings obtained by Group A have a
rs/lO markah] able to detect a smaller change in temperature. hi b' er consistency. [1m]

113
Section C iii. Time, t to heat the liquid, or the power of the vii. I
7 (a) i. The density of water is 1 000 kg m-3 means that the immersion heater. II
mass for every 1 m 3 volume of water is 1 000 kg. (b) Temperature, 8 varies linearly with _1_ .
m
[1m]
(c) By extrapolating the graph to the e - axis,
ii. The total volume of the ball bearings is equal to the
volume of water displaced by the ball bearings. 80 = y-intercept

= 26.2 °C

[1m]
(b) i. Volume of 50 ball bearings
(d) i. Gradient, g = (33.0 - 27.3)OC = 11.4 °C kg
(0.6 - 0.1) kg 1
= volume displaced by the ball bearings [1m]

= (82 - 75) cm' = 7.0 cm3

ii. c = 4.6 X 10' J = 4.04 X 103 J kg- 1 °C-l
6 3
11.4 °C kg
= 7.0 x 10- m 70 10-6 3 [1m]
(e) The liquid should be stirred constantly using a glass rod
Volume of 1 ball bearing = . x 50 m

or stirrer/
= 1.4 x 10-7 m' [1m] Temperature readings are taken only after the
..11. Mass 0 f 1 ball b earmg
. -- 278.2 -50223.6 g -
- 1.092 g thermometer readings are steady. 'I
2 (a) The length of the shadow at the flag pole depends on ()

= 1.092 X 10-' kg [1m] the angle of depreSSion of sunlight. d

Density = Mass = 1.092 x 10- kg
3
(b) As the angle of depreSSion of sunlight increases, the 'I
Volume 1s length of the shadow of the flag pole decreases, or
= 7.8 X 103 kg m- 3 [1m] The larger the angle of depression of sunlight, the CHAPTER.
(c) i. Different types of stones contain varying amount shorter is the length of the shadow of the flag pole. PAPER 1
of natural minerals. [1m] (c) i. To investigate the relationship between the length
1 B
These natural minerals have different molecular of the shadow of the flag pole and the angle of
6 B
masses. [1 m] depression of sunlight. 11 B
The presence of these minerals give rise to ii. Manipulated variable : Time (Angle of depression
16 B
different masses in every 1 m of stone. [1m] of sunlight).
21 C
Therefore, different types of stones have different Responding variable : Length of the shadow of the
26 D
values of densities. [1 m] flag pole. 31 A
ii. Constant variable : Length of the stick. 36 B
iii. Straight stick (about 2 m in length), metre rule and
41 C
clock or stopwatch. 46 D
measuring

iv. 51 D
mid-noon
cylinder

afternoon ," ),11,

PAPER 2
I 0
" .- morning
1"­
Section A
(j =angle of 1 (a) The'
depression 2J
[2m] 1---".;,-- stick (b) 10';
Each of the stones, P, Q and R are tied to a long
string. [1m] (c) a =­
(j (j
A measuring cylinder is filled with some water 2 (a) The I
and then placed on an electronic balance. [1m] length of shadow length of shadow
The
- The initial volume of water and the electronic certl
v. 1. The length of the straight stick is measured using
balance reading are recorded in the table as VI (b) VeIa.
and m 1 respectively. [1m] a metre rule.
2. The stick is then planted open ground where =5C)I
- Stone P is held by the string and lowered slowly Veq
into water in the measuring cylinder. [1m] there is sunlight.
- The final volume of water and the electronic 3. At 8:00 a.m., the length of the shadow of the = 5.
stick is measured. (c) Aver;.
balance reading are recorded again in the table
4. The measurement of the length of the shadow a =­
as V, and m, respectively. [1m]
is repeated at 9:00 a.m., 10:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m.,
- The experiment is repeated by using stones Q
and R. [1m]
12:00 noon and 1:00 p.m. a=­
5 The data are recorded in a table.
- For each stones, the density can be calculated by
using the formula,
vi. . . .. =5
Time . 3 (a) Elasti
m, - m,
(b) Elasl
p= [1m] 8:00 a.m.
V, - VI (c) M~
- Conclusion: Different types of stones are found to 9:00 a.m. (d) i. E
have different values of densities. [1 m] 10:00 a.m.

PAPER 3 11:00 a.m.

Section A 12:00 noon
1 (a) i. Mass, m of the liquid.

ii. Final temperature, 8 of the liquid.

1:00 p.m.
""

114
)Ower of the vii. The length of the shadow against time is plotted as 1
shown below. :. "2 m~ : ~::4 m S-I
Length of
shadow/m 4 (a) i. Elastic collision
ii. 4 m S-l
(b) i. Maximum height = mgh
m x 10 x h ="21 mv 2
h=..!.N
~I 2 10
= 0.8 m
ng a glass rod ii. No change/maximum height is the same, because the
maximum height does not depend on the mass.
8:00 12:00 1:00 Time/h
ty after the 5 (a) The principle of the conservation of momentum.
The above graph shows that the length of the shadow
(b) Momentum of the boy (towards the direction of the
t depends on of the stick (flag pole) decreases as the angle of
jetty) is the same as the momentum of the boat (away
depression of sunlight increases.
from the jetty)
increases, the Therefore, the stated hypothesis is supported.
(c) m,v, = m 2v2
reases, or 48 x 2 = 125v2
sunlight, the
CHAPTER 2: Forces and Motion V = 48x2

: flag pole. PAPER 1 2 125

en the length 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 A' = 0.77 m sol

5 D
· the angle of 6 B 7 8 B (d) i. Thrust, drag, lifting force, weight.
C 9 C 10 A
11 B 12 C 13 C 14 D 15 B ii. Thrust> drag;
of depression Because: There is a change in velocity horizontally.
16 B 17 A 18 D 19 B 20 D
21 C 22 D 23 A 24 A 25 B Weight = lifting force
shadow of the 26 D 27 A Because: Velocity remains zero vertically.
28 C 29 B 30 D
31 A 32 D 33 C 34 D 35 A 6 (a) Horizontal component = 5 cos 50· = 3.2 N
k.. 36 B 37 B 38 B 39 (b) Frictional force

C 40 B
Detre rule and = horizontal component of the force

41 C 42 C 43 D 44 C 45 C
46 D 47 B 48 A 49 D 50 D = 3.2 N

51 D 52 D 53 D (c) i. Balance of the force

= 10 N - 3.2 N = 6.8 N

oming
PAPER 2 Acceleration of the block, a

Section A =~
2 = 34
. m S-2
(a) The velodty increases uniformly.
ii. Reduce the frictional force by placing grease between
(b) 102.0 cm _ 10
x 0.02 s - cm s
-1

the wooden block and the surface or reduce the

(c) a =
35 - 10 = 25 cm S-2 mass.
1.0 J
(d) Resultant force = 52 + 122 = 13 N
•
·
low
2 (a) The speed of the parachutist increases.
The acceleration of the parachutist decreases from
7 (a) He had to increase his speed so that he can obtain
maximum kinetic energy before his jump.
neasured using certain positive value to zero. (b) The pole was bent so that it stored elastic potential
(b) Velocity before parachute opens energy that can be converted to gravitational potential
ground where = 50 m sol
energy of Chong Wei.
Velocity after parachute opens
(c) Maximum height = 5.2 + 0.3 m
shadow of the = 5 m S-l
= 5.5 m

(c) Average acceleration,

Maximum potential energy

of the shadow a = v - u
= mgh
m., 11:00 a.m., t
= (58 kg)(lO N kg-')(5.5 m)

a = (38 - 18) m sol

= 3 190 J or 3.19 kJ

v
(d) Acceleration due to gravity,

= 5.0 m S-2 g= 10 m S-2

3 (a) Elastic potential energy (e) The thick rubber mattress prolonged the time of impact
(b) Elastic potential energy ~ kinetic energy of Chong Wei. Impulsive force is inversely proportional
(c) More distance, (less resistance) to the time of impact. Therefore the impulsive force was
(d) i. Elastic potential energy reduced.
=..!.Px 8 (a) i. 1. Weight
2
= + = 0.8 J
x 8 x 0.2
2. Buoyant force
ii. 1. Weight

ii. Kinetic energy = mY' + 2. Tension T, and T2 in the strings

(b) i. Buoyant force = weight
= Elastic potential energy ii. Resultant tension in the strings = weight

115

 (c) 1 cm represent 4 N - Tight fitting clothes for trapping heat. [1 m]

\

- The gait as of a jockey when riding a horse is to

\

produce a streamline shape. [1m] ii

\

T,
- Aerodynamic shape of the bicycle. [1 m]
\

\
18 N
- Clothes made of smooth material and can withstand
\
\ cold. [1m] PAPER 3
\
\ (c) Density of substance use is low Section A
\
60' - So that the bicycle is light. [2m] 1 (a) i.
T2 Tyre with is small ii
From scale drawing, - So that the pressure on the road is big to give a good iii
TI ~ 20.8 N grip. [2m] (b)
T, ~ lOA N
Low fragility

9 (a) Kinetic energy

- The tyre do not disintegrate easily at low
Kinetic energy ~ (2) (4)2 ~ 16 J temperatures. [2m]
Low rate of expansion
(b) Speed decreases - So that the size of the tyre remains constant and do
(c) Change of kinetic energy not change easily. [2m]
= 1- (2) W - 1') = 15 J The most suitable tyre is R because it has low density,
2 small tyre width, low rate of desintegration and low rate
(d) Potential energy due to gravity of expansion. [2m]
~ mgh = 2(10) (OA) = 8 J (d) Weight component that is parallel to the road
(e) Energy loss ~ 15 J ~ 8 J ~ 7 J
~ mgsin 30° [1m]
i 10 (a) i. Newton

ii. x is directly proportional to W.

~ 600 (0.5)
= 300 N
iii. Hooke's Law Frictional force = 100 N
(b) i. 1.5 cm Force opposing the movement = mg sin 30° - frictional
ii. 0.067 kg force [1m]
(c) x/em Assuming the force necessary is x
Resultant force = rna [1m]
r / th!eker spring x - mg sin 30° - frictional force = rna
x = rna + mg sin 30° + 100
[1m]

LW/N 13 (a)
= 60 x 2 + 300 + 100
= 520 N
i. The length by which a shortens from its original
[1m]

Section B length when a force acts on top of it. [1 m]

11 (a) Both persons bend their knees when landing [1 m] ii. The distance compressed will become half of the
Both of them stop. [1m] distance compressed whep using one spring. [1 m]
- To increase the time of contact when landing [1m] This is because the force that is on each spring is
Impulsive force acts [1m] half the original force. [1 m]
- Increasing the time of contact will reduce the (b) - The spring is made from material of high density.
impulsive force. [1 m] [1m]
(b) i. The safety barriers made of metal are stronger[ 1m] This produces a more stable position. [1m]
ii. To increase the strength [1 m] - The diameter of the spring coil is big. [1 m]
iii. Kinetic energy ~ Heat energy/sound [1m] This will make the spring softer and more comfortable
Work is done to bend the safety barriers. [1 m] to sit on. [1m]
(c) Use a wider safety belt - The spring is made from metal that can withstand
- To reduce the pressure on the driver [2m] rusting. [1m]
Use a safety belt that can be extended further - This will ensure that the sofa will last. [1 m]
- To extend the time of collision and reduce the - The length of the spring is big. [1 m]
impulsive force [2m] - This will make the spring softer [1m]
The front and back of the car can be made more - The choice is spring Z because it has a high density,
collapsible big coil diameter, big length and a low rate of
~ To extend the time of collision and reduce the rusting. [1m] v. 1. II
impulsive force [2m] (c) i. Gradient of the graph •
Use of air bag for the driver
- To reduce the impulsive force and limit the damage
to the victims [2m]
500
=-5- gcm-1

= 100 g cm- I
[1m]
[1m]
2. AI
3. .
5i
The frame of the car is made of steel ii. Compression of the spring 4. 11
- To produce a strong body frame for the car. [2m] tI
= 1- x12 = 4 cm [1m]
3 5. P
Section C
From the graph, the mass required = 400 g [1m] II
12 (a) Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. [1m]
(d) i. 85000 g is divided equally among 250 springs [1m] 6. HI
(b) - Crash helmet is streamline [1m] One spring carries a load of 340 g [1m] 3

116
 [1m] From the graph each spring is wm"n:sscd = 3.4 em
se is to Um]
[1m] ii. The constant of the spring is IIBIIl mating the sofa
[1m] soft and comfortable. [1m]
ithstand
[1m] PAPER 3
Section A
[2m] 1 (a) i.

1Z-~
e a good
[2m] (b)

at low 20 6.0 30.0

[2m] 30 6.9 34.5
I 2 3
40 7.9 39.5
It and do 50 8.8 44.0 A straight line graph is obtained. Hence, the stated
[2m] 60 9.8 49.0 hypothesis is accepted.
, density,
I low rate (make measurements of I in the diagram and calculate
[2m] the values v based on the measurements)
CHAPTER 3: Forces and Pressure
PAPER 1
(c)
1 D 2 B 3 C 4 B 5 C
[1m]
6 C 7 C 8 B 9 C 10 B
11 B 12 D 13 D 14 B 15 D
16 C 17 A 18 D 19 D 20 B
21 C 22 C 23 B 24 D 25 D
frictional
26 C 27 D 28 D 29 C 30 C
[1m] (d) The velocity increases linearly with the height. 31 B 32 A 33 B 34 C 35 B
(e) Avoid errors due to parallax by placing the eye directly 36 C 37 A 38 C
[1m] opposite the scale.
[lm]
PAPER 2
Section A
Section B (a) Weight
[1m] 2 (a) The mass of a load affects the acceleration of the (b) i. Have the same weight
ts original lorry. ii. The tyre sinks more into the muddy surface in
[lm] (b) The bigger the mass of a load, the lower the acceleration Diagram 1.2 is than in Diagram 1.1
half of the of the lorry. iii. Surface area of tyre in Diagram 1.1 is bigger than
,ring. [1m] (c) i. To study the relationship between the mass and the surface area of tyre in Diagram 1.2.
h spring is acceleration of an object under a constant force iv. Pressure
[1m] ii. Manipulated: Mass (c) The pressure increases when the surface area decreases.
density. Responding: Acceleration (d) Pressure acted by the shoes on the field is high, giving
[1m] Constant: Force acting on the body a firm grip
[1m] iii. Three trolleys, ticker timer, ticker tape, power supply,
2 (a) i.
[1m] pulley, thick string, weight (500 g)
Jmfortable iv.
[1m] ticker timer trolley
ticker ,~~ """'­
withstand
tape
[1m] pulley
power
[1m] supply
[1m]
[1m] weight
~ density, 0/ SOO g
w rate of
[1m] v. 1. Elevate one end of the wooden plane until it is
a friction - compensated runway. ii. Liquid pressure increases when the depth of liquid
2. Attach one end of a ticker tape to the trolley. increases.
[1m]
3. A thick string connects the trolley to a weight of iii. A
[1m] 500 g. (b)
4. Switch on the power supply and released the
[1m] trolley.
5. Find the acceleration from the ticker tape and
g [1m] record in the table.
ings [1m] 6. Repeat above steps of the experiment with 2 and
[1m] 3 trolleys.

117