JURNAL TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

VOL 12, NO. 1, APRIL 2011, ISSN 1411 – 5131 HAL. 1 - 75

No Uraian Hal
1 Aplikasi Six Sigma pada Pengujian Kualitas Produk di UKM Keripik Apel
Tinjauan dari Aspek Proses 1-7

(Sukardi, Usman Effendi, Diyah Ayu Astuti)

2 Terapi Trombolisis-Endogen dengan Diet Natto Berbasis Kacang-Kacangan 8-15
Lokal Inferior pada Model Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Aterogenik

(Nur Kholis dan Veni Ardini Dewi Yanti)

3 Penentuan Tingkat Kerusakan Buah Mangga pada Posisi Pengangkutan 16-22
dengan Simulasi Getaran yang Berbeda

(Wahyunanto Agung Nugroho, Musthofa Lutfi, Dedy Dwi Prasetyo)

4 Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Kualitas Bakpao Telo dengan 23-30
Metode Importance Performance Analysis

(Imam Santoso, Aunur Rofiq Mulyarto, Sukma Maharani)

5 Studi Komparasi Inaktivasi Escherichia coli dan Perubahan Sifat Fisik pada 31-39
Pasteurisasi Susu Sapi Segar Menggunakan Metode Pemanasan dan Tanpa
Pemanasan dengan Kejut Medan Listrik

(La Choviya Hawa, Bambang Susilo, Natalia Eka Jayasari)

6 Penentuan Masak Fisiologis dan Pelapisan Lilin Sebagai Upaya 40-48
Menghambat Kerusakan Buah Salak Kultivar Gading Selama Penyimpanan
pada Suhu Ruang

(Budi Santosa dan Fauzia Hulopi)

7 Aplikasi Optimal Preventive Replacement Age Model Untuk Menentukan 49-57
Jadwal Penggantian Komponen Dumping Grate pada Mesin Ketel Uap
(Studi Kasus di PG Rejo Agung Baru Madiun)

(Wike Agustin Prima Dania, Isti Purwaningsih, dan Fajar Andy Aristiono)
8 Evaluasi In Vivo Efek Sinbiotik Bekatul Terfermentasi Bakteri Asam 58-67
Laktat Probiotik (Lactobacillus plantarum B2 dan Lactobacillus casei)

(Mochamad Nurcholis dan Elok Zubaidah)

9 Perilaku Sedimentasi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kinerja Saluran pada 68-75
Jaringan Irigasi Waru-Turi Kanan Kediri

(Ruslan Wirosoedarmo, Alexander Tunggul Sutan Haji, Estin D. Kristanti)

 APLIKASI SIX SIGMA PADA PENGUJIAN KUALITAS PRODUK
DI UKM KERIPIK APEL TINJAUAN DARI ASPEK PROSES

Application of Six Sigma on Product Quality Identification

at The Small Scale Apple Chip Industry: Processing Aspect

Sukardi, Usman Effendi, Diyah Ayu Astuti

Jurusan Teknologi Industri Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

ABSTRACT

The objectives of the research were to measure the capability of frying and spinning, to calculate
the sigma value in frying and spinning, and to analyze the factors causing the unsuitability of chips
form to specification, and to recommend quality improvement at chips industry. Descriptive research
was used with six sigma approach. The quantity of samples was 100 units in 20 observations. The
stages of this research were defining (determining CTQ), measuring (measuring the process
capability and calculating sigma value), and analyzing (analyzing the defect cause) stages. In
defining stage, the product defect in crushed chips after spinning was 32.5%. In measuring stages,
the process capability measurement obtained Cp (process potential index) of 0.64 and Ppk (process
capability index) value of 0.49, and sigma value of 2.11. In analyzing stage based on fishbone
diagram, the causing factors of crushed chips were machine, man, and method. Recommendation to
reduce defect was by periodically worker evaluation, SOP, and re-analysis the maintenance schedule.

Keywords: apple chip, product defect, sigma value

 TERAPI TROMBOLISIS-ENDOGEN DENGAN DIET NATTO BERBASIS KACANG-
KACANG LOKAL INFERIOR PADA MODEL TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus) ATEROGENIK

Therapy of Endogenous Thrombolysis with Dietary Natto Based on Inferior Local Beans in
Atherogenic Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) Model

Nur Kholis1* dan Veni Ardini Dewi Yanti2

1
Ma Chung Research Centre for Photosynthetic Pigment, Universitas Ma Chung, Malang
2
CV Iswara Pakis-Malang

ABSTRACT

Natto is a fermented food from soybean that produce nattokinase enzyme with high thrombolitic
activity. Soybean as raw material for making natto, however is a kind of superior bean which is 68%
of national necessary come from imported soybean. Therefore, we need to explore the potency of
inferior local beans i.e. brown cowpea, white cowpea, and “komak” bean as soybean substitute for
making natto. The aim of this research was to study the effects of using inferior beans as substrate of
natto fermentation on in vivo thrombolytic activity. The result showed that diet of natto from inferior
beans were significantly different (P<0.05) on decreasing of serum cholesterol, serum MDA
(malonaldialdehide), foam cell of aorta, and on increasing of endothelial cell of aorta compared to
atherogenic rats group without natto diet. However, it was not significantly different (P>0.05) on all
parameters compared to soy-natto diet (product control). It means that inferior beans were able to
substitute soybeans as raw material for making a functional natto. White cowpea natto showed the
best thrombolytic activity in atherogenic rats among other inferior beans with the highest nattokinase
activity of 86.4 FU/g.

Keywords: Thrombolysis Therapy, Natto, Inferior Beans, Atherogenic Rat

 PENENTUAN TINGKAT KERUSAKAN BUAH MANGGA PADA POSISI
PENGANGKUTAN DENGAN SIMULASI GETARAN YANG BERBEDA

Damage Level Determination of Mango on Simulation Transport Position,

Operated on Various Vibration

Wahyunanto Agung Nugroho, Musthofa Lutfi* , Dedy Dwi Prasetyo

Jurusan Keteknikan Pertanian – Fak. Teknologi Pertanian – Universitas Brawijaya

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research is to know the influence of vibration on the physical condition of
the fruit as well as to determine the best position of mangoes during transportation. The method used
in this research was by performing physical tests of mangoes using a transportation simulation
process. The benefit of this research is finding the most effective way to reduce damage during
transportation. This research was using the experimental method with two treatment; i.e. vibration in
three levels (2, 3 and 4 cm) and mangoes position as well. The physical condition analysis was
emphasized on the fruit pressure value. The result was indicated the significant different between the
fruit pressure value before and after transport simulation. The biggest value is vertical position with
the former stem below (Va). However, there are no significant difference between upper layer and
bellow layer of fruit position.

Keywords: gadung mango, physical damage, transport position, vibration

 PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP KUALITAS BAKPAO TELO DENGAN METODE
IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Consumer Perception on Quality of Bakpao Telo with Importance – Performance Analysis Method

Imam Santoso, Aunur Rofiq Mulyarto, Sukma Maharani

Jurusan Teknologi Industri Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

ABSTRACT

Consumer perception on food quality is a key factor for success in food industri development.
Many factors influence consumer perception on food quality. The purpose of this research was to
identify the attributes of food product and evaluate it’s performance to find out attributes based on
consumer perception. The respondent in this research was the consumer that bought and consumed
bakpao telo in Sentra Pengembangan Agribisnis Terpadu (SPAT). The sampling technique used
accidental sampling with a number of sample is 75 people, based on linier time function. The analysis
of data used Importance–Performance Analysis. The result of this research showed that shape of
product, quality of service, advertisement and promotion, and expired date of the product, registered
in Departemen Kesehatan, halal guarantee, texture of bakpao, flavor variation of product, flavour of
product, guarantee of safety product and nutrition were the key atributes of bakpao telo quality.

Keywords: perception, bakpao telo, importance–performance analysis

 STUDI KOMPARASI INAKTIVASI Escherichia coli
DAN PERUBAHAN SIFAT FISIK PADA PASTEURISASI SUSU SAPI SEGAR
MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEMANASAN DAN TANPA PEMANASAN DENGAN KEJUT
MEDAN LISTRIK

Comparison Study on E. coli Inactivation and Physical Changes of Thermal and Non Thermal
Processing using PEF
(Pulsed Electric Field) in Fresh Milk Pasteurization

La Choviya Hawa*, Bambang Susilo, Natalia Eka Jayasari

Jurusan Keteknikan Pertanian – Fak. Teknologi Pertanian – Universitas Brawijaya

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this research were to determine the lethal rate of E. coli and to analyze the
density, moisture content, viscosity, boiling point, freezing point, and color changes in non thermal
pasteurization (pulsed electric field), thermal pasteurization (heat treatment), and combination of
both in fresh milk. Experimental-descriptive method with 2 factors was used in this research. First
factor was voltage (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kV) and second factor was type of pasteurization (non
thermal, thermal, and combination thermal-non thermal). Pasteurization time was 60 second and
each treatment was replicated three times. The results showed that the highest E. coli inactivation was
combination of thermal and non thermal pasteurization i.e 2.5 log cycles. Physical attributtes
(density, moisture content, viscosity, boiling point, freezing point, and color) of milk that treated by
non thermal pasteurization and combination did not change significantly after pasteurization
compared to fresh milk.

Keywords: thermal and non thermal pasteurization, lethal rate, physical attributtes
 PENENTUAN MASAK FISIOLOGIS DAN PELAPISAN LILIN SEBAGAI UPAYA
MENGHAMBAT KERUSAKAN BUAH SALAK KULTIVAR GADING SELAMA
PENYIMPANAN PADA SUHU RUANG

Determining of Physiological Maturity and Wax Coating for Inhibiting Snake Fruit var Gading
Deterioration during Storage in Room Temperature

Budi Santosa dan Fauzia Hulopi

Pengajar Fakultas Pertanian - Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi

ABSTRACT

Snack fruit var. gading is a perishable horticultural product and non climacteric fruit that has
room temperature shelf life about 6-7 days. This fruit should be ripe before harvesting and during
storage does not undergo further ripening process. It has high respiratory rate that caused fast
senescence. This research was aimed to determine harvesting time to obtain good quality and long
shelf life of snake fruit. Also, it was objected to elucidate the effect of wax coating on quality changes
during storage. The harvesting time of snake fruit was 5, 6, and 7 month after pollination. Wax
coating (10%) was used to protect the fruits during storage. Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and tannin
was determined after harvesting. The quality of snack fruits was assesed by panelists independently.
The results showed that the best harvesting time of snack fruit was 6 months after pollination. Wax
coating influenced the fruit quality and also could inhibit declining of sugar and tannin content of
fruit. Wax coating could improve the quality of fruits during storage up to 2 weeks.

Keywords: harvesting time, wax coating, snack fruit var. gading

 APLIKASI OPTIMAL PREVENTIVE REPLACEMENT AGE MODEL UNTUK
MENENTUKAN JADWAL PENGGANTIAN KOMPONEN DUMPING GRATE
PADA MESIN KETEL UAP
(Studi Kasus di PG Rejo Agung Baru Madiun)

Application of Optimal Preventive Replacement Age Model to Determine Replacement Schedule

For Dumping Grate Component on Boiler Machine
(Case Study at Rejo Agung Baru Sugar Factory Madiun)

Wike Agustin Prima Dania, Isti Purwaningsih, dan Fajar Andy Aristiono

Jurusan Teknologi Industri Pertanian-Fak. Teknologi Pertanian-Universitas Brawijaya

ABSTRACT

Rejo Agung Baru Madiun is one of big sugar companies in East Java. One of the problems in
this factory is delayed of production process caused by machine damaged. Based on preliminary
survey, it showed that boiler machine is regularly damage and has the highest downtime. Moreover,
component that influences the damage of boiler machine is dumping grate component. The main
purpose of this research is to determine optimal replacement schedule that has minimum downtime
and maximum availability of dumping grate component. Method that is used to solve the problem is
optimal preventive replacement age model. Furthermore, it also determines and compares
replacement cost before and after scheduling. From the result, it shows that the replacement interval
for dumping grate is 555 hours or 23.125 days with the minimum downtime value is 0.010018182 and
the availability value is 0.989981818. Total cost of optimal replacement scheduling is Rp
3,341,078,529.00. The cost comparison before replacement scheduling and after replacement
scheduling is Rp 3,517,399,429.00 and Rp 3,341,078,529.00 respectively or saving about 5.013%.

Keywords: dumping grate, minimum downtime, maximum availability, optimal preventive

replacement age model
 EVALUASI IN VIVO EFEK SINBIOTIK BEKATUL TERFERMENTASI BAKTERI
ASAM LAKTAT PROBIOTIK (Lactobacillus plantarum B2 DAN Lactobacillus casei)

In Vivo Evaluation on Synbiotic Effect of Fermented Rice Bran by Probiotic Lactic Acid
Bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum B2 and Lactobacillus casei)

Mochamad Nurcholis dan Elok Zubaidah

Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian–Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian–Universitas Brawijaya

ABSTRACT

Rice bran contains dietary fiber such as hemicellulose, arabinogalactan, arabinoxylan,

xylogycan, proteoglycan, arabinofuranoside, and raffinose. Those dietary fibers have a potency as
prebiotic and to be fermented by probiotic in colon to produce lactic acid and short chain fatty acid
(SCFA). Synbiotic effect of fermented rice bran by Lactobacillus plantarum B2 and Lactobacillus
casei on Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) was investigated. A two month old Wistar rats (Rattus
norvegicus) consisted of four groups (F0, F1, F2, F3) with five rats of each group were adapted for
ten days by giving standard diet (AIN-93). There were four diet formulas: standard diet of AIN 93 M
(F0), standard diet with formulated rice bran media (F1), standard diet with fermented rice bran
media by L. casei (F2) and standard diet with L. plantarum B2 (F3). The weight, LAB viability, pH,
and total acid of rat faecal were measured in 20 days. SCFA production was measured after 20 days
experiment. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (α=5%) and least significant difference (α=5%). The
best treatment was obtained using ranking method. F3 was the best treatment with fecal LAB viability
of 5.8x107 CFU/g, faecal pH of 6.47 on 20th day experiment, caecum LAB viability of 6.77x108 CFU/g,
caecum total acid of 0.20% lactic acid, caecum pH of 6,34, and SCFA total of 11.49 mg/g (acetic acid
of 7.11 mg/g, propionic acid of 3.03 mg/g and butyric acid of 1.35 mg/g).

Keywords: synbiotic, rice bran, probiotic, SCFA, wistar rat

 PERILAKU SEDIMENTASI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA SALURAN
PADA JARINGAN IRIGASI WARU-TURI KANAN KEDIRI

Effect on Sedimentation Behavior and Performance of Irrigation Channel at Waru-Turi Kanan

Kediri

Ruslan Wirosoedarmo, Alexander Tunggul Sutan Haji, Estin D. Kristanti

Jurusan Keteknikan Pertanian-Fak. Teknologi Pertanian-Universitas Brawijaya

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this research were to determine the rate of sedimentation in the primary,
secondary, and tertiary channel; to determine channel dimension changes caused by sediment, and
the effect of sedimentation to determine the cross section channel’s specific energy. This research
consisted of two stages. First stage was data collection i.e. sediment sampling, measurement of flow
velocity, and measurement of channel dimensions. Second stage was laboratory analysis. Each stage
was replicated three times in 2-week intervals. Sediment sampling was done directly on the primary,
secondary, and tertiary irrigation channel networks. Sedimentation rate in primary irrigation channel
at dry season was 54.99x10-6 tons/day, while at the secondary was 0.88x10-6 tons/day, and at the
tertiary was 0.65x10-6 tons/day. Primary channel with channel cross sectional area of 56.734 m2
reduced into 46.541 m2 due to 10.913 m2 area sedimentation. Secondary channel with channel cross
sectional area of 3.086 m2 reduced into 2.732 m2 due to 0.354 m2 area of sedimentation. At tertiary
channels with channel cross-sectional area of 1.398 m2 reduced into 1.341 m2 due to 0.057 m2 area
sedimentation. The rate of sedimentation in the irrigation channel caused changes in the performance
of the channel, namely the primary channel, the channel only worked for 76.93%, the secondary
channel was 94.2%, and 91.47% in tertiary canals.

Keywords: sedimentation, irrigation channel, subsection