PN HAZIAH BT AWANG LAH SAS 2007

2.10 UNDERSTANDING WORK, ENERGY, POWER AND EFFICIENCY

WORK ______________________________________________________________________

When work done, energy is W = Work ( Joule)

W=
transferred F = Force (Newton)
Fs
s = Displacement (metre)

Example :

1. Abu uses a horizontal force of 40 N to push a box. Calculate the work done to push the box a distance
of 180 m on a horizontal surface.

2. Izzul uses a force of 120 N to pull a crate along a straight corridor. The applied force is at an angle of
30° with the horizontal .Calculate the work done by him after pulling the crate a distance of 90 m.

Kinetic Energy Energy carried Ek = ½

E (Ek) by a moving
N object mv2
E
R
G
Y
Energy of an
Gravitational object due to its
Potential Energy higher position in E p = mgh
(Ep) the gravitational
field

Common Misconception :
Momentum and Kinetic Energy are the same concept.

The Fact :
Momentum is mv but Kinetic Energy is ½ mv2

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 PN HAZIAH BT AWANG LAH SAS 2007

______________________________________________________________________
The Principle of
Conservation of
_____________________________________________________________________
Energy

Common Misconception
Energy is conserved only under
certain condition.

The Fact
When energy changes from one
form to another, it always
transforms without net loss or gain

Power, P ___________________________________________________________________________

Power = work done P = W = E (J)

Time taken Formul t t (s)
= Energy ae Unit for power,
Time taken Js-1 or Watt (W)

Qu
iz Fakhrul and rahmat are lifting the barbell from the same height, but Fakhrul is faster than Rahmat
to lift up the barbell. Who is more powerful? Explain.

_______________________________________________________________________________

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SOLVING PROBLEM

1. If a mouse and an elephant both run with the same kinetic energy, can you say which is running
faster? Explain in terms of the equation for kinetic energy.

2. An angkasawan in full space gear climbs a vertical ladder on the earth. Later the angkasawan
makes the same climb on the moon. In which location does the gravitational potential energy of
the angkasawan change more? Explain.

Do you know?????
The three main engines of the space shuttle can develop 33000 MW of power when fuel is
burned at the enormous rate of 3400 kg/s. This is like emptying an average –size swimming 37
pool in 20 seconds.
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 PN HAZIAH BT AWANG LAH SAS 2007

Efficiency of Energy Transformation

Effiency = Power output x 100%

Power input

List down the importance of maximizing the efficiency of devices.

1. _______________________________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________________________________________

SOLVING PROBLEM

1. A Kancil of mass 650 kg is approaching a hill. The hill has an angle of slope of 2.9°. The car
moves up the hill to a distance of 200 m with uniform speed. How much work is done in moving
the car up the hill? (Ignore friction and air resistance)

2. A trolley of mass 2 kg moving at 4 ms-1 collides with another trolley of the same mass at rest on a
friction compensated runway. Both the trolley stick together and move at common velocity after
collision. What is total change in kinetic energy resulting from the collision?

3. The turbine of electric power station is situated below the level of a lake as shown in the diagram.
How much kinetic energy does 400 kg of water gain as it flow down pipe to a turbine?

lake 2000 m

300 m
Pipe Turbine

4. An electric motor is used to lift a 2.0 kg mass through 3.0 m in 4.0 m as shown in figure below.
The total amount of electrical energy used by the motor is 80.0 J. What is the efficiency of the
motor?

motor

2.0 kg

3m

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