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Founder Background

Jean Henry Dunant was born on May 8, 1828, Geneva, Switzerland. Dunant founded the Red
Cross Society, he is also known as the father of the red cross . He habitually dressed
in white and a prominent businessman, an active social and religious Christians that a
strong flow of Calvinism. His
father,JeanJacques Dunant a famous and wealthy businessmen. His mother¶s
named Antoinette Dunant-Colladon namely, a loving and obedient to the religious
instruction. Her parents were also a social activist who often took the time to help orphaned
children and child victims of divorce. In addition, she also worked at the hospital in addition
to helping the poor to face the constraints of life.
Dunant was active in various charitable and religious activities such
as activelyengaged in efforts to unite the estranged relations between Christians and Jews. He
became a member of the LEAGUE OF ALMS at Geneva with the aim of providing
spiritual and physical comfort as well as helping the poor, sick and needy. He also often visited
the prison to rehabilitate prisoners through the efforts to change attitudes and behavior of
prisoners. In 1846, Henry Dunant see the insurgency and joined the Geneva Society for Alm.
Then, with his colleagues have formed an organization called 'Thursday Association "is
a musical force to study the Bible and help those who suffer, and various volunteer work.
In 1849, Dunant worked as an apprentice in a bank in Geneva, to learn the banking
business. Perseverance that resulted in him has been given a temporary assignment as general
manager at a branch in Algeria known as
the Colonies Suieses de Setif. Later,he stopped working and eventually started his own
business and be successful in business him. At age 30, Jean Henry Dunant attracted the
interest of a group of organizations in Switzerland, France, & Belgium is known as
the Young Mens Christian Union and in England known as
the Young Mens Christian Assosiation. A movement to unite the various
groups in Europe started in tahun1853. Dunantopposed the motion and proposed an idea of the
world, including the YMCA in England should be established and not limited
to Europe alone. In 1855, at the insistence of Dunant, a World YMCA conference was held in
Paris. In 1853, Henry Dunant State visit Algeria, Tunisia, North Africa and Sicily, and came
the book "An Account of the Regency in Tunis" in 1858.In 1856 he founded the
company in Algeria after obtaining the land free from French colonial plantation. Corn
field and the company was named "Financial and Industrial Company of Mons-Djémila Mills.
" However, he did not get cooperation in terms of land and water rights due to the
ongoing war. To solve the problem, the Henry Dunant to found the Emperor Napoleon of France,
while France is involved in supporting the war
inLombardy with Piedmont, Sardinia against Austria, Italy and the main office is located at
Solferino Napoleon III, Switzerland. In June 1859, on the way to do business in Italy.
Dunant arrived in Castiglione della Piere ie, when the battle at Solferino. In that event, he found
that many victims of the war dead and sick. He tried to help people who are sick with the joint
effort. That experience has led him to leave the business. He tried to focus his
thoughts on how to alleviate the suffering and war."Memories in Solfarino" a book
written by Dunant was the beginning of his career success. The book suggests that well-
trained team of volunteers should be established to help members who were
injured in all countries. The idea has received overwhelming response. The concept
of "trinity" in international between the countries to determine patient care has attracted many.
Proposals from the Henry Dunant received the attention of legal
experts GustaveMoynier and make the issue a major agenda in the meeting of the
Welfare Association
of Geneva''Geneva Society for Public Welfare''in 9Februari 1963. They reviewproposals and rec
ommend five Dunant special committee and one of Henry Dunant. Other members
of the Gustave Moynier, Swiss Army Chief General Henri Dufour,
Dr.Louis Appia and Theodore Maunoir. Their first meeting on February 17, 1863 and this date
is regarded as the date of establishment of the International Red Cross (ICRC). In the five-
member council was initially arguing for distinct vision, planning, personal interests and accused
the Henry Dunant was too idealistic. But Henry Dunant and the
continuing adventures continue with his ideas' voluntary '. In October 1863, 14 countries took
part in meeting at Geneva to discuss the issue of helping the wounded soldiers during the
war'. The role of Henry Dunant try overstated by Gustave Moynier. In 1864
ParlimentSwitzerland diplomatic meetings have been set from 12 countries to sign the
Convention in 1863 & 1864 Geneva.Pada Dunnat success increased and then decreased again in
the later, public support, a committee was formed, and the conference -conference was held.
But in transforming dreams into reality, Dunnat withdrew himself and his
place wasreplaced by the more practical in 1865 & 1866. His assertion is declining, because of
feelings of embarrassment and lack confidence in themselves. In 1867 was a most
unfortunate for Dunant for Neglect of business also deteriorated until he was forced to use his
property to pay debts. Companies in the Henry Dunant was bankrupt, such as
Algeria, Genevois Cridit financial firms due to a scandal. On August 17, 1868 he
wasdeclared bankrupt by the Commercial Court of Geneva. So people want him side lined
Calvinist. He resigned from the secretary on August 25, 1867 and on 8 September 1867resigned
from the ICRC. Since then, Gustave Moynier became President and plays a major roleICRC.
At in 1868, Henry Dunant was removed from the YMCA due
to bankruptcy. GustaveMoynier are planned for all the insurance money is not handed
over to Henry Dunant. Even the souvenirs 'Sciences Morales' from the Paris
World Festival Dunnat not given, but delivered to Gustave Moynier and Dufour for the
money delivered to the Council. Napoleon III agreed to pay half the debt if
the Henry Dunant Dunant friends to pay the other. But this
effort is blocked by Moynier. Dunant moved to Paris and continued the humanitarian
mission and volunteer organizations. During the Franco-Prussian war(1870-1871) he founded the
Association of Mutual Assistance (Relief Society''Common'') and
the 'Alliance for Civilization and the Common Rule. "He also suggested
that disarmament negotiations and provide an international court to resolve international
conflicts. In addition, Dunnat also supports the establishment of a Jewish
state in Palestine. Later, he worked in a library. Henry Dunant was bankrupt and owedas a
result of life to ignore his personal life that have no source of income. Although he was
appointed as an honorary member of the Red Cross Society of Austria, the
Netherlands, Sweden, Prussia and Spain but he is almost forgotten. He is
itinerant from Stuttgart, RomeCorfu, Basel and Karlsruhe. While in Stuttgart he met withRudolf
Muller diUniversiti Tubingen, Germany. In 1881, Dunnat at Heiden returned to his
hometown, Geneva with the help of his friend. As of July 1887 (the age of 59 years) he looked
very old due to the disappointment suffered for 20 years. However, residents in small
towns Heidden, Switzerland still recognize it. In their homes, many people respected
him since he was interested in the movement he pioneered. He also was contacted by his
old friends 1892. Due to health problems he was admitted
to hospital and lived there for 18 years. In1895, a young journalist in the journey was about and
asked to interview Dunant Dunant. Following the interview, the
whole world knows that Dunant was still alive despite the weak state. Various groups want
to help him. Recognition of the service, he sent a letter by the supervisor and subordinates near
and far. While Pope Leo sent a portrait of a hand-written signature, the
words Deus VirtuteMa In First Paz. Dunant quiet during the day her parents, she appreciates all
the praise being poured on him and said that he did
not need assistance because he is sufficient for the assistance of the hospital and its
neighbors in Heidden. Later in 1901, Dunant Nobel Committee awarded the Peace
Prize (Peace Prize) is the first and shared with the Frederick Pessy of France. He can
not go to Christiana to receive awards for being too weak, but the gift sent directly to
him from Geneva.
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Introduction:

Red Cross Societies has more than 136 years. Now this association exists in almost all
countries in the world and has stood firm as a relief organization in times of war or peace, to
expand its activities in various fields and integrate the millions of people. Battle on June 24,
1859, the armies of Austria and France-Sardina coalition forces have fought throughout the
day near the Solferino, a village in Northern Italy. Many of those
killed, wounded and missing in battle. At that time, military medical service did not yet
exist to provide assistance. Many suffered injury and death due to not receiving
treatment. Henry Dunant (dressed in white) was stunned to see the suffering of soldiers
who were injured, was launched with the help of local people help people. Assistance is
given regardless of the uniform and their nation, just think of them as members who are
suffering with no arms who need help.

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Jean Henry Dunant found that Geneva is a place to carry

out humanitarian activities.Remuneration is set by Dunant enthused by
a young lawyer who is chairman
of the `THESociete D'UTILITE GENEVOISE. Dunant collaboration with Guillaume-
Henry Dufour,Louis Appia and Theodore Mounier, Gustave Moynier established
the International Committee of the Red Cross (International Committee of the Red Cross-
ICRC) to help those who injured. The
Committee is acting decisively, even as a privateorganization and has held a conference of
representatives of the country. The meeting in Geneva from 26 to 29 October 1863, was
attended by 16 countries and agreed to approve the Revolutionary Committee of Geneva and to
create private organizations concerned to help the injured and providing treatment and care for
their safety workers on duty will be protected by a special symbol that is, the Red Cross is a
white background. When war broke out between Russia and Denmark. Committee to send
Dr. Loius Appia to work with the Prussian army. Red Cross was helping arm cloth wrist
movements on the battlefield. However, the organizations that were established have been a
problem in the battlefield. Thus, in the prompt Ogos1864 InternationalCommittee of the Red
Cross, Switzerland government had `Diplomatic Conference 'in Geneva,
attended by representatives from 12 countries. In order to improve the condition of the
injured soldiers on the battlefield, the Geneva Convention was signed by12 representatives of the
respective countries on 22 Ogos1864 and then followed by other countries. . The appearance
of the first Geneva Convention was to open an important piece in thehistory
of mankind. This convention indicates that these laws can be enforced even in times
of war and humanitarian regulations impose specific to members of thecombatants. The
conference also recommended a plan to obtain international protection for those who
are injured, the military hospitals and medical personnel.Accepted the recommendations
of the Geneva Convention contains 10 articles andintroduced a
call `independence 'by Dunnat. Convention in 1894, is
the basis forhumanitarian work in the war between France and Prussia in year 1870-1871, the
Spanish-American War in 1898 and the Russo-Japanese war in 1904.In the period after the
First Geneva Convention, the Red Cross is often invited to serve on the
battlefield. The Organization also held conferences to collect delegates from the
national organization of JAPM and representatives of a party to the Geneva Convention. The
purpose of this conference is to adopt the proposed rule-based international rule on
experience. The first conference was held, in 1867 in Paris, then held in Berlin in 1869,
Karisruhe in 1892, Vienna in 1897, 1902 and Saint Petersburg. The founder of the Red
Cross is responsible for establishing the National Association of the new. In 1867,
Turkey has told the Swiss government that it will use the Red Crescent emblem of the Red
Cross as a replacement. Turkish action was later followed by most Muslim countries.

  




The red cross emblem was chosen as a tribute to Switzerland was created in order to
determine coverage for those injured in battle, members of the guard and take care of
them. Thus, the abuse of the red cross emblem is a serious offense in the presence of
international law. In November 1867, the Turkish government has announced the Swiss Federal
Council that the red cross logo has insulted their religious beliefs, then they will turn red
cross on a red crescent. Exchange symbol is followed by most Muslim countries.
Both these symbols are protected under the Geneva Conventions since 1929. However,
countries that used to own symbols in a diplomatic conference. Therefore, the use of
both symbols are for business purposes and the publicity is not allowed


  
 

A system for protecting the use of red cross emblem and the red crescent emblem as asymbol
of protection and unity to the national associations have been established by the Geneva
Convention in 1949. This rule has been extended by the Protocol 1 of 1977 isbased
on differences in the use of symbols as a protective purpose and identity.

    

During the battle emblem of the red cross and red crescent is used to protect medical
personnel, vehicles, buildings and so forth. In addition, the national association that
helps medical services are also entitled to use the emblem as a symbol of protection. The use
of symbol as a means of protection can also be used by the International Committee of Red
Cross and the Federation (IFRC). As a means of protection, the size of the symbol should
be compatible with buildings or vehicles that clear and visible.
   

As a symbol of identity, the size of the red cross emblem and the red crescent to be small so as
not to cause confusion with the symbol used as a symbol of protection. Therefore, the National
Association must ensure that the symbol of identity and how to
use proper protective emblem among the members and the public.

  



In the interest of its own there are some organizations and individuals who are not responsible
for misuse is often a symbol of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. In fact, any use of
the emblem without permission is considered one of the National
Association. To prevent misuse of the symbol is a symbol of protection is something that is
important to determine the height of honor and the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.