Comm. D5.] PIN-CONNECTED MEMBERS 16.

1–287

D4. BUILT-UP MEMBERS

Although not commonly used, built-up member configurations using lacing, tie
plates and perforated cover plates are permitted by this Specification. The length and
thickness of tie plates are limited by the distance between the lines of fasteners, h,
which may be either bolts or welds.

D5. PIN-CONNECTED MEMBERS

Pin-connected members are occasionally used as tension members with very large
dead loads. Pin-connected members are not recommended when there is sufficient
variation in live loading to cause wearing of the pins in the holes. The dimensional
requirements presented in Specification Section D5.2 must be met to provide for the
proper functioning of the pin.
1. Tensile Strength
The tensile strength requirements for pin-connected members use the same φ and
Ω values as elsewhere in this Specification for similar limit states. However, the
definitions of effective net area for tension and shear are different.
2. Dimensional Requirements
Dimensional requirements for pin-connected members are illustrated in Figure
C-D5.1.

Dimensional Requirements
1. a ≥ 1.33 be
2. w ≥ 2be + d
3. c ≥ a

where
be = 2t + 0.63 in. (16 mm) ≤ b

Fig. C-D5.1. Dimensional requirements for pin-connected members.

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
16.1–288 EYEBARS [Comm. D6.

D6. EYEBARS
Forged eyebars have generally been replaced by pin-connected plates or eyebars
thermally cut from plates. Provisions for the proportioning of eyebars contained in
this Specification are based upon standards evolved from long experience with
forged eyebars. Through extensive destructive testing, eyebars have been found to
provide balanced designs when they are thermally cut instead of forged. The more
conservative rules for pin-connected members of nonuniform cross section and for
members not having enlarged “circular” heads are likewise based on the results of
experimental research (Johnston, 1939).

Stockier proportions are required for eyebars fabricated from steel having a yield
stress greater than 70 ksi (485 MPa) to eliminate any possibility of their “dishing”
under the higher design stress.
1. Tensile Strength
The tensile strength of eyebars is determined as for general tension members, except
that, for calculation purposes, the width of the body of the eyebar is limited to eight
times its thickness.
2. Dimensional Requirements
Dimensional limitations for eyebars are illustrated in Figure C-D6.1. Adherence to
these limits assures that the controlling limit state will be tensile yielding of the body;
thus, additional limit state checks are unnecessary.

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
Comm. D6.] EYEBARS 16.1–289

Dimensional Requirements

t ≥ 1/2 in. (13 mm) (Exception is provided

in Section D6.2)
w ≤ 8t
d ≥ 7/8w
dh ≤ d + 1/32 in. (1 mm)
R ≥ dh + 2b
2/3w ≤ b ≤ 3/4w (Upper limit is for
calculation purposes only)

Fig. C-D6.1. Dimensional limitations for eyebars.

Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, June 22, 2010

AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION