2.
Putra
Putri
Balita
Anak usia
sek
DEFINISI
Konsultan:
Orang yang mempunyai kemampuan
profesional memberikan pendapat dan saran
Klien :
Orang yang membutuhkan pendapat dan saran
dari konsultan
Kongiz :
Kegiatan dialog secara professional dalam
seting pribadi untuk memperoleh pendapat dan
saran solusi masalah gizi.
Robert Lee dan David Nieman (1998) dalam buku
Nutritional Assessment :
- Kemaren dianjurkan
begitu, sekarang
dianjurkan begini?
2. KonGiz dalam
semua prosesnya
bisa juga sebagai
salah satu bentuk
Asuhan Gizi
4.
KOMPTENSI KONSULTAN GIZI
5. Sistim eksresi
1. Klien
2. Konsultan
3. Komunikasi
4. Waktu
5. Masalah dan solusi
6. Pelayanan, Sarana dan Acuan
1. Mengalami masalah
2. Mempunyai keinginan/harapan
3. Mempunyai kesempatan
4. Dukungan akses
1. Penguasaan ilmu
2. Keterampilan
3. Kepribadian
4. Penampilan
1. Prolog- apresiasi
2. Memahami masalah
3. Memahami harapan
4. Mendengarkan
5. Memberi kesempatan
6. Memberi tanggapan
7. Memberi solusi
8. Epilog - apresiasi
WAKTU
1. 5–30 menit
2. Prolog – Epilog
3. Cara apoinmen
4. Jadwal
1. Kenyamanan
2. Keramahan
3. Kecepatan
4. Ketepatan
5. Keberlanjutan
6. Imbalan
7. Bonus
8. Promosi
1. Masalah utama
2. Masalah penyerta
3. Kategori masalah
4. Faktor risiko
1. Solusi utama
2. Solusi penyerta
3. Perencanaan
4. Motivasi
Hand-out 4
MK. Konsultasi Gizi
1.Proses
2. Prinsip
3.Contoh
Tujuannya:
Memberikan solusi terhadap masalah klien
atau memenuhi harapan klien secara
rasional
Lingkungan
Klien Komunikasi
Konsultan
interpersonal
Sarana &
Pelayanan
BIAR TUNTAS
27/02/2016 Hardin Kongiz4 -2016 5
10 Prinsip : BIAR TUNTAS
Bersahabat
Identifikasi dan amati masalah klien
BIAR Analisis penyebab masalah dan potensi klien
Rekam upaya sebelumnya
Tanya harapan
Upaya solusi alternatif
TUNTAS Niat dan pilihan solusi
Tetapkan rencana
Anjurkan solusi sesuai kondisi
Semangati klien untuk melakukan
27/02/2016 Hardin Kongiz4 -2016 6
Bersahabat
Mirrorring?
Touching ?
1. Raut wajah
2. Posisi tubuh & anggota tubuh
3. Intonasi & bunyi
TIDAK
DIBOHONGI
NYAMAN
Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia (FEMA)
MENILAI BERHARAP
MULAI BOSAN
MAU BERTANYA
1
Pertemuan 8
These are the dominant theories of health behavior and health education
based on the frequency of their citation within the health promotion
research literature (Glanz, Rimer,&Viswanath, 2008).
Each attempts to explain human behavior, motivation, and the processes of
personal behavior change.
Behavior Change Models and Approaches
Becker et al , (1984)
Health Belief Model
Behavior Change Models and Approaches
a. Self-efficacy
b. Behavioral capability
c. Expectations
d. Observational learning
e. Reinforcement
f. Social support
a. Self-efficacy
• Definition: the confidence that an individual has to take
action that is before them
• Also known as “personal control”: the extend to which I
can predict in advance the consequences of my
behavior on the people around me & my environment
• Three dimensions:
1. Internal vs external; less confident if from external
2. globality vs specificity; less confident if around
specific areas
3. stability vs instability; less confident if unstable
b. Behavioral Capability
• Nutrition counselor should note that individuals can be, and usually
are, at different stages of change for different diet-related behaviors.
• There are also considerable spontaneous changes in stages among
people over time, both forward and backward
• Changes in stage are not always linear
Implication for practice
• To improve treatment we must identify variables which predict
weight loss outcomes.
Attitudes toward
behaviour
Intention to
Subjective
behave in a Behaviour
norms
certain way
Perceived
behavioural
control
• The theory explanations how people take in information around them and
use it to form intentions to act.
• Intentions (i.e., a person’s conscious plan to enact a certain behavior) are
connected directly to behavior, and there are three other variables that
affect a person’s behavioral intention. An individual’s attitude regarding the
behavior and knowledge of subjective norms contributes to the likelihood
of a person intending to act.
• A person who believes that performing the behavior will lead to positive
consequences and has positive feelings about performing the behavior will
have a positive attitude toward the behavior, which increases that person’s
intention to act and vice versa.
• Subjective norms refer to what an individual believes others typically do
with regard to the behavior as well as others’ opinions of the importance
of performing the behavior. If a person thinks that other people value the
behavior
and the person is motivated to please those others, this increases
the likelihood of forming an intention to act. Conversely, if a person
is not motivated to conform to the behavior norms of those around
him and they value the behavior, he is not likely to have a strong
intention to act.
• Perceived behavioral control is an individual’s perception of whether
the behavior will be easy or difficult to perform given the
circumstances. Behaviors that one has control over (i.e., that are
easily performed) are more likely to be carried out than ones that are
difficult to perform.
Peran layanan Konsultasi Gizi dalam Perubahan
Perilaku Makan
Enam Prinsip Teknik Perubahan
Perilaku Makan (PM) dalam Konsultasi Gizi
• Mengupayakan perubahan PM
3
ENAM PRINSIP ….Con’t
• Memberikan dukungan
2
• Memantau perubahan
PM
4
4. PERUBAHAN GAYA HIDUP
• Merencanakan perubahan unsur gaya
hidup non-PM (tapi terkait PM =
1 kegiatan fisik/olahraga, stres, dll )
• Memantau perubahan
unsur gaya hidup
terkait PM
4
5. PENGHARGAAN & SANKSI
• Melibatkan lingkungan
2
• Mengaitkan hal-hal
khusus (ULTAH dsb)
4
6. PENGENDALIAN DIRI DAN
LINGKUNGAN
• Pengendalian diri (memelihara
komitmen diri, kegiatan
1 keagamaan, belanja dan makan)