STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF PILE 400 MM DIA

(TOP 12. 6 NO. ONLY)

Diameter of pile = 400 mm

Working Load (Compression) P = 1000 kN
Load Factor
(Ref.Table 2.2 of BS:8110 :1997, Page 9)= 1000 x 1.5 =1500 kN

Structural Design of Pile

I) Material properties :
a) Characteristic cube strength of concrete = Fcu- 40 Mpa
b) Characteristic strength of steel = Fy –Gr. 420– 420 Mpa

II) Proposed Reinforcement:

a) Main Reinforcement = 8T16 mm dia

b) Shear Reinforcement = T10@ 150 c/c helical links
(Ref. 3.12.7.1 & 3.12.7.2 of BSS 8110-1:1997, Page 79)

III) Pile Details

Pile size = 400 mm dia.

Clear cover = 75 mm
Working load = 1000 kN
Fcu = 40 N/mm2

Fy = 420 n/mm2

Section Area = 125600 mm2

Main Reinforcement Dia. = 20 mm
No. of Rods = 8 nos.
Reinforcement area of 16 mm Dia = 2512 mm2
IV) Check for Stresses in Concrete:

Referring to clause 7.4.4.3.1 of BS : 8004 – 1986, allowable compressive

stress under working load should bot exceed 25% of the specified works cube
strength at 28 days calculated on the total cross sectional area of the

Working stress = 1000 x 1000 (3.14/4 x 400 ^2)

= 4.906 N/ mm2
Allowable Stress = 0.25 x 40 = 10.00 N/mm2
¾ 4.906 N/mm2
Hence O.K.

Check for compression capacity of piles referring to BS: 8110 (Part-I, Clause
3.8.1.3).
Since the 'N' value of soil is high in top layers so there is no unsupported
length of the pile Slenderness is not taken. BS 811-1 Cl. 3.8.1.3
Referring to BS: 8110 part-I, Clause 3.8.4.3 for nominal eccentricity of short
columns resisting moments and axial forces, which stress that the column
may be designed. So that the design axial load does not exceed the value of
N given by.
N = 0.4 x Fcu x Ac + 0.8 x Asc x Fy
= 0.4x40x 125600+0.8x2512x420
2853632 N
= 2853.632 kN

Allowable compressive load

= 2853.6 > 1000 x 1.5
2500 kN
Hence safe

V) Design of pile due to axial load and Bending:

Axial Load
Load Factor
(Ref: Table 2.1 of BS:8110-1:1997, Page 8)

Factored axial load, P = 1000 x 1.2 = 1200 kN

Moment is taken from the graph = 39.0 =39.0 kN-m

Factor Moment, = 39 x 1.2 = 46.8 kNm

Design Moment M = 46.8 = 46.8 kNm

(Referring to CP:110 Part-3 Page No. 132 for circular sections-Available lower
grade chart is considered)
Fcu = 40N/mm2
Fy = 420N/mm2
h = 400 mm
hs = 400 – (2x75) – 2 x 10
= 230
Hs/h = 230/400 = 0.57

M/h3 = 46.8 x 10^6 / 400^3 0.73125

P/h22 = 1200 x 10^3 / 400^2 7.50
Hence O.K.

Shear Check:
Factor Moment, M = 46.80 kNm
Factored vertical Load, P = 1200kN
M/P = 46.8 / 1200 =0.039 m
0.6 h = 0.6 x 0.4 0..24 m
M/P < 0.6 h
Shear check is not required
(As per BS:8110-1, 1997 Cl.3.8.4.6 shear check is not required)

VI) Design Summary

Diameter of Pile 400 mm

Grade of concrete OPC40
Grade reinforcement steel 420 N/ mm2
Main reinforcement 8 T 20
Helical reinforcement T 10 @ 150 c/c helical links