INPACADANRI AHGRIGNFC @FCFH

UZFKPIK KAJI@FNFN

HFPF KQCIFL ? UZFKPAK UZGMARIGNFCIRHA

HFP UZGMARIGNFCI RHA JI@
JI@FN
FN
@GRAN UANDFHUQ? ZFLHFPQC QCYF ,R.RP H.KAJ
 

  NG]
 NG]F
F @GCGK RFZIJQ (:5525495)
(:5525495)
 FNDDQN FNDZFINI (:552556)
 HACI RQN@FZI (:552565)
 YQCIF ]I]ZF ZFLFYQ
ZFLFYQ UQPZI
UQP ZI (:552569)
( :552569)
 ZGUIPF
ZGUIPF RIZIPGIPAN (:55256=)
(:552 56=)
 IZHF ZFLHFTFPI :55255<)
 HAZI ZFLHFYFNI (:552566)
 ZFPIMF OQCIYF (:552562)
 LIC_F FUZICIN@F
FUZICIN@F (:55255=)
(:5525 5=)
 

UANDAZPIFN INPACADANRI

INPACADANRI ftfu kabar`fsfn f`fcfl suftu kahfhpufn untuk

hahabflkfn hfsfcfl, kahfhpufn `fcfh jarmikit jacfofr,
jacfofr,
hahabflkfn hfsfcfl, hahprgsas sasuftu `fn hanyasufikfn `iri
 pf`f cindkundfn. Pindkft intacadansi `fpft `iukur
`iukur `andfn kabapftfn
hahabflkfn hfsfcfl-hfsfcfl tarsajut
 

UANDAZPIFN INPACADANRI HANQZQP UFZF FLCI ;

 U. duicmgr` yfitu kahfhpufn untuk hhahajrikfn sftu ofwfjfn ftfu
kasihpucfn yfnd cgdis jar`fsfrkfn inmgrhfsi yfnd `ijarikfn.
 Lgwfr` dfr`nar (69<1) handahukfkfn jflwf intacadansi f`fcfl
kahfhpufn untuk hahabflkfn hfsfcfl , ftfu hanbiptfkfn suftu prg`uk
`fcfh jarjfdfi hfbfh sattind `fn `fcfh situfsi nyftf.
 @fvi` wablscar (`fcfh ofksgn,:552) intacadansi f`fcfl kfpfsitfs

kasacurulfn ftfu dcgjfcsabfrf

hanfnddfni cindkundfn in`ivi`u untuk jartin`fk, jarpikir rsignfc, `fn
amaktim.
 Ticcifh starh handahukfkfn intacadansi ifcfl kasfnddupfn untuk
hayasufikfn `iri kapf`f kajutulfn jfru `andfn handdunfkfn fcft-fcft
 jarmikir yfnd sasufi `andfn tuoufn
tuoufn nyf.
 Fcmra` jinat (`fcfh kfpcfn, :559) kahfhpufn untuk handfrflkfn mikirfn
ftfu handfrflkfn tin`fkfn, kahfhpufn untuk handujfl frfl tin`fkfn
tarsajut tacfl `icfksfnfkfn, kahfhpufn untuk handkritik `iri san`iri ftfu
hacfkukfn futg britibis.
 


Kabar`fsfn ahgsignfc? f`fcfl kahfhpufn `iri
untuk handanfc ahgsi `iri san`iri, ahgsi grfnd
cfin, hahgtivfsi `iri san`iri,`fn handacgcf `andfn
 jfik ahgsi pf`f `iri san`iri `fcfh jarlujundfn
`andfn grfnd cfin (dgccahfn,6999 ).

 Ahgsi f`fcfl parfsffn yfnd `ifcfhi in`ivi`u sajdfi

rafksi tarlf`fp rfndsfnd yfnd jarfsfc `fri `irinyf
san`iri hfupun `fri grfnd cfin.

 Kabar`fsffn ahgsignfc handfofrkfn tantfnd

intadritfshantfc
katflfnfn kaouourfn kghithan,
kajiofksffn `fnvisi, kraftimitfs,
pandufsffn `iri.
 

1 KABAZ@FRFFN AHGRIGNFC ;
Dacghan handundkfp kfn 1 kabar`fsfn
ahgsignfc yfnd `fpft hanof`i pa`ghfn pf`f
in`ivi`u untuk hanbfpfi kasuksasfn `fcfh
kali`upfn salfri-lfri f`fcfl ?

 Handanfci ahgsi `iri

 Handacgcf ahgsi

Hahgtivfsi `iri
 Handanfci ahgsi grfnd cfin
 Hahjinf lujundfn `andfn grfnd cfin
 

 Kahfhpufn handanfc ahgsi `iri san`iri f`fcfl kahfhpufn hanyf`fri

parfsffn `iri san`iri pf`f sfft parfsffn itu hunbuc `fri sfft kasfft salinddf
hfhpu hahflfhi `iri nyf , `fn hfhpu hahjuft kaputusfn yfnd jiofksfnf
salinddf ti`fk `iparju`fk gcal ahgsinyf,

 Kahfhpufn handacgcf ahgsi f`fcfl kahfhpufn hanyacfrfskfn (ahgsi)

`andfn cindkundfn nyf salinddf `fpft hahicilfrf lfrhgni kali`upfn
in`ivi`unyf `andfn cindkundfn grfnd cfin.
 Kahfhpufn handfnc ahgsi grfnd cfin yfitu kahpufn hahflfhi ahgsi grfnd
cfin (ahpfty) sartf hfhpu handkghunikfsi pahflfhfn tarsajut kapf`f
grfnd cfin yfnd `ihfksu`.

 Kahfhpufn hahgtivfsi `iri harupfkfn kahfhpufn han`grgnd `fn

handfrflkfn sadfcf `fyf upfyf `iri nyf jfdi panbfpfifn tuoufn, kaindfn `fn
bitf bitfnyf.

 Kahfhpufn hndajfndkfn lujundfn f`fcfl kahfpufn handacgcf ahgsi

grfnd cfin ftfu ahgsi `iri yfnd tihjuc fkijft rfndsfndfn `fri cufr `iri nyf
 

MFKPGZ YFND JAZUANDFZQL UF@F

KABAZ@FRFN AHGRIGNFC
g QRIF harupfkfn sfcfl sftu lfc yfnd hahpadfruli ahgsi sasagrfnd. Qsif
harupfkfn sfcfl sftu in`ikftgr yfnd lfrus `ipartihjfndkfn `fcfh handavfcufsi
kabar`fsfn ahgsi sasagrfnd. Kfranf parujflfn par-ndfcfhfn li`up sfnft
hahpandfruli kgn`isi ahgsi sasagrfnd.
g JQ@FY
JQ@FYF @FN RGRIFC AKGNGHI sfndft hahpadfruli
hahpadf ruli parkahjfndfn ahgsi
sasagrfnd , parnyftffn yfnd `iundkfp kfn satif`frhf `fn wfruwu (:552).
Rasagrfnd `fcfh handa`fcikfn ahgsi fkfnhandfcfhi jfnyfk parujflfn fpfjicf
 pin`fl tahpft tinddfc ftfu oikf kgn`isi sgsifc akgnghinyfnhandfcfhi parujflfn.
g KACQFZDF hanyuhjfnd paandfrul jasfr tarlf`fp kabar`fsfn ahgsignfc fnfk.
Parutfhf pf`f kfsu sindcca pfrants, fkfn jar`fhpfk pf`f fnfk yfnd ti`fk `fptf
handgntrgc `iri, kabawf, mrustfsi, hacfwfn parfturfn, hahjargntfk, kurfnd
kgnsantrfsi, hurund, harfsf jarsfcfl, hu`fl hfrfl, kurfnd hgtivfsi, iri, kati`fk
stfjicfn ahgsi, kurfnd parbfyf `iri .
 

UZFKPIK KAJI@FNFN
UZFKPIK
KAJI@FNFN ?
f`fcfl kadiftfn
 pahjarifn pacfyfnfn
yfnd `icfkukfn gcal
 ji`fn `fcfh jantuk
fsulfn kaji`fnfn

kgpatansi ji`fn f`fcfl

kahfhpufn yfnd `ihiciki
gcal ji`fn yfnd haciputi
 pandatflufn, ktarfhpicfn,
`fn sikfp untuk hahjarikfn

 pacfyfnfn kaji`fnfn
 

JQ@FYF KAJI@FNFN
 Kaju`fy
Kaju`fyffn
ffn f`fcfl suftu sistah dfdfsfn, n`fkfn, lfsic
kfryf hfnusif, yfnd `ipargcal `andfn bfrf jacfofr `fcfh
kali`upfn hfsyfrfkft.
 Ju`fyf san`iri f`fcfl ngrhf ftfu fturfn n`fkfn `fri
fnddgtf kacghpgk yfnd `ipacfofri, `fn `ijfdi sartf hahjari
patunouk `fcfh jarmkir,
jarmkir, jarn`fk , `fn hajdfhjic
kaputusfn.
 Kgpatfnsi ju`fyf sabfrf uhuh `ifnddfp sajdfi prgsas
pandfhjfndn kasf`frfn ju`fyf , pandftflufn ju`fyf,
katarfhpuicfn ju`fyf, partahufn ju`fy, `fn lfstrft ju`fyf.
 

UAZICFKQ @FN FRUAK JQ@FYF YFND

HAHUADFZQLI UACFYFNFN KAJI@FNFN

 LAFCPL JACIA]A f`fcfl trf`isi-trf`isi yfnd `ijarikfn sabfr turun

tahutun `fcfh bgntglnyf `fcfh pahjarifn hfkfnfn pf`f jfyi `i`farfl
nusf tanddfrf jfrft f`f pahjarifn nfsi pfpfl ftfu `i ofwf tandfl `andfn
trf`isi nfsi pisfnd.
 CIMA RPYCA f`fcfl dfyf li`up yfnd jarpandfrul tarlf`pfp kasalftfn.
Bgntgl nyf dfyf li`up kfwin barfi `icghjgk ftfu dfyf li`up pargkgk 
 LAFC
LAFCPL
PL RAAKIND JALF]IGZ
JALF]IGZ sfcfl sftu jantuk paricfku sgsifc
 ju`fyf yfnd hahparbfyfi fpfjicf sasagrfnd sfkit ti`fk parcu
kapacfyfnfn kasalftfn tatfpi bukup `andfn hahjaci gjft wfrund ftfu
han`ftfndi `ukun.
 

PAZIHFKFRI
L
 

FNY
VQARPIGN7