Modul Praktek Antena
Modul Praktek Antena
DIPOLE
1.1.Tujuan Percobaan
Mengetahui polarisasi horizontal, vertical dan cross pada antenna dipole.
1.2.Teori Dasar
1.2.1 Polarisasi Antena
Polarisasi antena adalah arah medan listrik yang diradiasikan oleh antena.
Jika arah tidak ditentukan maka polarisasi merupakan polarisasi pada arah gain
maksimum. Polarisasi dari energi yang teradiasi bervariasi dengan arah dari
tengah antena, sehingga bagian lain dari pola radiasi mempunyai polarisasi yang
berbeda.
Polarisasi dari gelombang yang teradiasi didefinisikan sebagai suatu
keadaan gelombang elektromagnet yang menggambarkan arah dan magnitudo
vektor medan elektrik yang bervariasi menurut waktu. Selain itu, polarisasi juga
dapat didefinisikan sebagai gelombang yang diradiasikan dan diterima oleh antena
pada suatu arah tertentu. Polarisasi dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai linear (linier),
circular (melingkar), atau elliptical (elips)
1. Polarisasi Linier
Polarisasi linier terjadi jika suatu gelombang yang berubah menurut waktu
pada suatu titik di ruang memiliki vektor medan elektrik (magnet) pada titik
tersebut selalu berorientasi pada garis lurus yang sama pada setiap waktu.
3. Polarisasi Elips
Polarisasi elips terjadi ketika gelombang yang berubah menurut waktu
memiliki vektor medan (elektrik atau magnet) berada pada jalur
kedudukan elips pada ruang. Kondisi yang harus dipenuhi untuk
mendapatkan polarisasi ini adalah:
a. Medan harus mempunyai dua komponen linier orthogonal
b. Kedua komponen tersebut harus beada pada
magnitudo
yang sama atau berbeda
c. Jika kedua komponen tersebut tidak berada pada magnitudo yang sama
perbedaan fasa waktu antara kedua komponen tersebut harus tidak
bernilai 00 atau kelipatan 1800 (karena akan menjadi linier). Jika kedua
komponen berada pada magnitudo yang sama makan perbedaan fasa
diantara kedua komponen tersebut harus tidak merupakan kelipatan
ganjil dari 900 (karena akan menjadi lingkaran).
Gambar 1.3 Polarisasi Elips
1.4.Prosedur Percobaan
Polarisasi gelombang antenna dipole secara horizontal
1. Setup atau setting semua peralatan
2. Atur jarak antar antena dengan RF detector maksimum 1.2 m dan sejajar
LOS secara horizontal.
3. Nyalakan RF generator dan setting RF generator sampai level 8-9.
4. Putar detector sampai fully clockwise (maksimum) dan tambah level RF
generator berlawanan dengan arah jarum jam.
5. Lihat deviasi pada detector, adjust RF detector sampai ¾ dari skala
maksimum yang ditunjukkan oleh detector.
6. Lihat perubahan pada RF detector jika diletakkan tangan diantaranya.
7. Rotasi antena dari sudut 00 hingga 3600 , lihat hasilnya yang terjadi setiap
perubahan sudut 300 ketika antenna dirotasi, lalu catat hasil
pengamatannya.
8. Atur jarak antena dengan RF detector maksimun 60 cm dan sejajar LOS
secara horizontal.
9. Lakukan kembali langkah 3-7.
Polarisasi gelombang antena dipole secara vertical
1. Atur jarak antena dengan RF detector maksimum 1.2 m dan sejajar LOS
secara vertical.
2. Ulangi prosedur percobaan pada polarisasi gelombang antena dipole
secara horizontal diatas dari 3-7.
3. Atur jarak antena dengan RF detector maksimun 60 cm dan sejajar LOS
secara vertical.
4. Ulangi prosedur percobaan polarisasi gelombang antena dipole secara
horizontal diatas dari 3-7.
Polarisasi gelombang antenna dipole secara cross
1. Atur jarak antena dengan RF detector maksimum 1.2 m dan sejajar LOS
secara cross.
2. Ulangi prosedur percobaan pada polarisasi gelombang antena dipole
secara horizontal diatas dari 1-7.
1.5. Lembar Pengambilan Data
Nama Praktikan : ...........................
Nama Asisten Pelaksana : ............................
............................
Instruktur Praktikum : Dr. Yusnita Rahayu, ST.,Meng
Tanggal Praktikum : ............................
Laboratorium Telekomunikasi
Tabel 1.1. Pengambilan data polarisasi antena dipole dengan jarak 1,2 m.
Radiasi (uA)
Sudut ( )
0
Horizontal Vertikal
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
Tabel 1.2. Pengambilan data polarisasi antena dipole dengan jarak 60 cm.
Radiasi (uA)
Sudut (0)
Horizontal Vertikal
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
Mengetahui
(...............................)
2.1.Tujuan Percobaan
Mengetahui polarisasi horizontal, vertical dan cross pada antenna folded
dipole.
2.2.Teori Dasar
2.2.1 Polarisasi Antena
Polarisasi antena adalah arah medan listrik yang diradiasikan oleh antena.
Jika arah tidak ditentukan maka polarisasi merupakan polarisasi pada arah gain
maksimum. Polarisasi dari energi yang teradiasi bervariasi dengan arah dari
tengah antena, sehingga bagian lain dari pola radiasi mempunyai polarisasi yang
berbeda.
Polarisasi dari gelombang yang teradiasi didefinisikan sebagai suatu
keadaan gelombang elektromagnet yang menggambarkan arah dan magnitudo
vektor medan elektrik yang bervariasi menurut waktu. Selain itu, polarisasi juga
dapat didefinisikan sebagai gelombang yang diradiasikan dan diterima oleh antena
pada suatu arah tertentu. Polarisasi dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai linear (linier),
circular (melingkar), atau elliptical (elips)
1. Polarisasi Linier
Polarisasi linier terjadi jika suatu gelombang yang berubah menurut waktu
pada suatu titik di ruang memiliki vektor medan elektrik (magnet) pada titik
tersebut selalu berorientasi pada garis lurus yang sama pada setiap waktu.
Gambar 2.1 Polarisasi linier
2. Polarisasi Melingkar
Polarisasi melingkar terjadi jika suatu gelombang yang berubah menurut
waktu pada suatu titik memiliki vektor medan elektrik (magnet) pada titik
tersebut berada pada jalur lingkaran sebagai fungsi waktu. Kondisi yang
harus dipenuhi untuk mencapai jenis polarisasi ini adalah :
2.1. Medan harus mempunyai 2 komponen yang saling tegak lurus linier
2.2. Kedua komponen tersebut harus mempunyai magnitudo yang sama 2.3.
Kedua komponen tersebut harus memiliki perbedaan fasa waktu pada
kelipatan ganjil 900
3. Polarisasi Elips
Polarisasi elips terjadi ketika gelombang yang berubah menurut waktu
memiliki vektor medan (elektrik atau magnet) berada pada jalur kedudukan elips
pada ruang. Kondisi yang harus dipenuhi untuk mendapatkan polarisasi ini
adalah:
a. Medan harus mempunyai dua komponen linier orthogonal
b. Kedua komponen tersebut harus beada pada
magnitudo
yang sama atau berbeda
c. Jika kedua komponen tersebut tidak berada pada magnitudo yang sama
perbedaan fasa waktu antara kedua komponen tersebut harus tidak
bernilai 00 atau kelipatan 1800 (karena akan menjadi linier).
Jika kedua komponen berada pada magnitudo yang sama makan perbedaan
fasa diantara kedua komponen tersebut harus tidak merupakan kelipatan ganjil
dari 900 (karena akan menjadi lingkaran).
Tabel 2.1 Pengambilan data polarisasi antenna folded dipole dengan jarak 1.2
m
Radiasi (uA)
Sudut (0)
Horizontal Vertikal
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
Tabel 2.2 Pengambilan data polarisasi antenna folded dipole dengan jarak
0.6m
Radiasi (uA)
Sudut (0)
Horizontal Vertikal
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
Mengetahui
(...................................)
Dalam pengukuran yang apabila hasil arus forward yang didapatkan bernilai
besar dan maksimum dan nilai arus reverse jauh lebih kecil atau minimum maka
SWR yang didapat akan jauh lebih baik, yaitu SWR ≤ 2. SWR
dipengaruhi 2 hal yaitu:
1. Perbedaan impedansi saluran transmisi dengan beban
2. Diskontiniuitas saluran transmisi, disebabkan oleh pemasangan
konektor yang kurang bagus.
11. Susun antena folded dipole (Tx) dan Rf detector (Rx) dengan tinggi yang
sama.
12. Ulangi langkah 3-10.
13. Susun antena Yagi (Tx) dan Rf detector (Rx) dengan tinggi yang sama.
14. Ulangi langkah 3-10.
15. Susun antena Helix (Tx) dan Rf detector (Rx) dengan tinggi yang sama.
16. Ulangi langkah 3-10.
3.5 Lembar Pengambilan data
Nama Praktikan : ...........................
Nama Asisten Pelaksana : ............................
............................
Instruktur Praktikum : Dr. Yusnita Rahayu, ST.,Meng
Tanggal Praktikum : 5 April 2022
Laboratorium Telekomunikasi
10
15
20
25
30
5
10
15
20
25
30
Mengetahui
(...............................)
3.6 Analisa Data
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3.7 Kesimpulan
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PERCOBAAN IV POLA RADIASI (RADIATION
PATTERN)
Gambar 4. 14 Kabel
4.4 Prosedur Percobaan
Hubungkan semua perangkat sesuai dengan yang dibawah ini :
1. RF output B4520 pada RF Input B4521 dengan kabel coaxsial 30 cm
pada socket BNC di masing-masing modul.
2. Hubungkan RF generator dan testtone generator pada b4520. Ini
digunakan untuk membangkitkan gelombang termodulasi amplitudonya.
3. Gunakan kabel shielded sepanjang 5 meter dengan 5 pin Din connector
untuk menghubungkan detector dan modul B4521.
4. Hubungkan modul B4521 dengan PC menggunakan kabel serial.
5. Hubungkan power supply pada B4520, B4521 dan PC.
Hidupkan semua Perangkat B4520, B4521 dan PC . lalu ikuti langkah
berikutnya:
6. Setting antena (Monopole) transmitter dan receiver (RF detector) secara
LOS dengan jarak 1 meter.
7. Atur knop pada receiver (RF detector) ke skala penuh, naikkan level
knop pada B4520 untuk mendapatkan defleksi yang besar pada detector.
8. Jika instrument menunjukkan skala melebihi angka maksimal, geser RF
detector atau kurangi nilai RF level pada modul B4520.
9. Jika terjadi kesalahan dalam praktikum, maka generator akan mati secara
otomatis. Lalu matikan power ada B4520, kemudian atur level ke
minimum, setelah beberapa detik hidupkan kembali generator. Naikkan
level hingga terlihat pada jarum penunjuk lalu atur adjust dan output z
untuk menaikkan ke angka maxsimal.
10. Setting antena (Dipole) transmitter dan receiver (RF detector) secara
LOS dengan jarak 1 meter
11. Ulangi langkah 7-9.
12. Setting antena (Folded Dipole) transmitter dan receiver (RF detector)
secara LOS dengan jarak 1 meter
13. Ulangi langkah 7-9.
14. Setting antena (Yagi) transmitter dan receiver (RF detector) secara LOS
dengan jarak 1 meter
15. Ulangi langkah 7-9
16. Setting antena (Helix) transmitter dan receiver (RF detector) secara LOS
dengan jarak 1 meter.
17. Ulangi Langkah 7-9.
18. Setting antena (Microstrip) transmitter dan receiver (RF detector) secara
LOS dengan jarak 1 meter.
19. Ulangi Langkah 7-9
Penggunaan Program
1. Jalankan Program dengan mengklik start – program – B4521
2. Lalu akan muncul window dengan pilihan record antenna polar diagram
dan view/print a save polar diagram.
3. Pilih record an antenna polar diagram, lalu klik ok
Pilih port communication yang tepat jika salah pilih port yang lain dan coba
lagi
4.5 Lembar Pengambilan Data
Nama Praktikan : ............................
Nama Asisten Pelaksana : ............................
............................
Instruktur Praktikum : Dr. Yusnita Rahayu, ST.,Meng
Tanggal Praktikum : 5 April 2022
Laboratorium Telekomunikasi
Mengetahui
(..............................)
4.6 Analisa Data
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4.7 Kesimpulan
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