COMPUTER EDUCATION Class 7

Unit # 01 Hardware Basics

Q.no.1 Define computer?
Ans. “Computer is an electronic machine which accepts data, process it and produce results accurately.”
Q.no.2 How many components of a computer?
Ans. There are two main components of a computer.
1. Software
2. Hardware
Software: software is the set of instructions given to the computer to perform a specific task.
For example: Microsoft Windows, MS Word, Corel Draw, Device driver.

Hardware: The physical parts of the computer that we can see and touch are known as hardware. For example
Mouse, Keyboard, monitor etc

Q.no.3 Define Input and Output devices, storage devices and communication devices.
• Ans. Input devices: input devices are used to enter data into the computer. For example keyboard,
Mouse, Scanner etc
• Output Devices: which are used to display output on the screen.
For example Monitor, Printer, Speaker etc
• Storage Devices: These are hold data and instruction permanently. For example Floppy disk, Hard Disk,
CD/DVD, USB flash drive etc.
• Communication Device: Which are used to communicate and connect a computer with other computers
are known as communication device. e.g. Modem (internal Modem and External Modem)

Q.no.4 Define System Unit?

SYSTEM UNIT:
System unit is a box where processing takes place. It consists of the main circuit board,
processor, power supply, storage devices etc. It can be found in different shapes and sizes. System unit
protect internal electronic components from damage.

Q.no5 Define Motherboard?

MOTHERBOARD:
Motherboard or system board is a main circuit board. All computer components are plugged or
connected with it.

Q.no.6 Define Processor?

PROCESSOR:
Processor works like a human brain. It is a silicon chip fixed on the motherboard. Its primary purpose
is to carry out set of instructions and process the data efficiently and accurately. It is also known as
CPU (Central processing Unit).
Q.no.7 Define Arithmetic, Logic Unit and Control Unit?
• Arithmetic and logic unit solve the mathematical and logical problems.
For example Arithmetic unit: 2+2=4 or 4-3=1
Logical unit: (5+3) =8
• Control Unit fetches the instructions, interprets them and directs the ALU to perform action. It also maintains
the sequence of instructions to be processed.

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 COMPUTER EDUCATION Class 7
Q.no.8 Define Memory and how many types of Memory?
• Memory consists of electronic chips. Its stores instructions and data so that CPU can process them. It is the
working space of computer.
• RAM is stands for Random Access Memory. It is the temporary storage area for data before and after it is
processed. It is attached to the motherboard.
• ROM is stands for Read Only Memory. It is the permanent storage area. It contains start up instructions of the
computer and information about its hardware devices.

Q.no.9 Define Expansion Cards and how many types of expansion Cards?
An Expansion Card is a small circuit board. Its gives a computer the capability to control a storage
device, an input device or an output device. There are four major types of expansion cards.
1) Sound Card: A Sound card allows a computer to receive sound in digital form and reproduce it
through speaker .e.g. Speaker, headphone and microphone are attached with the sound card.
2) Graphics Card: A graphic card enables a computer to display output images on the monitor
screen.
3) Network Interface Card/Network Card: A network interface card enables a computer to
connect and communicate with other computer. e.g. Local Area Network
4) Modem: Modem is used to transmit digital data over telephone wires. Usually it is used for dial-
up internet connections.

Q.no.10 Define Expansion Slots and how many slots are on motherboard?
An Expansion Slot is a long narrow socket on the motherboard into which different Expansion
cards can be plugged in.
There are three different types of Expansion slots.i.e.
1) ISA (Industry Standard Architecture): It is slow speed slot used for modems.
2) PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect): It is faster in speed than ISA slot, it is used for
sound cards, graphics cards, network cards and modems.
3) AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port): It is high speed slot used only for graphics/3D graphics
cards.
Q.no.11 Define Cutting Edge Technology and discuss some of them?
CUTTING EDGE TECHNOGOLY
Cutting edge technology is the latest or most advanced stage in the development of the
computer technology.
1. Barcode reader
Barcode reader is an input device. It gathers information
by reading barcodes. It also give us the UPC(universal Product Code ) information like
Country of origin, Manufacture’s code, Product name, Check digits (to verify code)
Examples: Supermarkets, Pharmacy, Libraries etc.
2. Fingerprint reader
Fingerprint reader is a device that captures a fingerprint and translates it into a digital
code. This code is compared with the already stored information in the computer.
Examples: login to a computer, in a car security system, Door lock for home Security,
Employee’s attendance etc.
3. ROBOT
Robot is a machine which is controlled by software contained in a chip. It is an electronic
which has the ability to interact with physical objects.
Examples: A dishwasher Robot, A domestic Robot, A Robot can play game; Robots are
used in surgery etc
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 COMPUTER EDUCATION Class 7
Exercise Unit# 01

Q.no.2 Fill in the blanks.

(i).The two main components of a Processor are__________and _______
(ii).RAM is used for__________________ storage.
(iii).ROM is ________________________ Memory.
(iv).______________slot is a long narrow socket fixed on motherboard.
(v).Memory consists of _______________ chips.
(vi).______________ is faster slot used for sound, graphics, modem and network
interface card.
(vii).___________________ slot is hard to find in modern computers.
(viii). Barcode reader is a _______________ scanning device.
(ix).__________________ is a device that captures a fingerprint.
(x).__________________ works like a traffic policeman.

Answers:
i. ALU,CU
ii. Temporary
iii. Non volatile
iv. Expansion
v. Electronic
vi. PCI
vii. ISA
viii. Laser
ix. Fingerprint reader
x. Control unit
Q.no.3.Define the Following.
Ans. See Q.no.4, Q.no.5, Q.no.8,Q.no.11

Q.no.4 Differentiate between the following?

Ans. See Q.no.2,Q.no.7,Q.no.8,Q.no.9,Q.no.10,Q.no.3
Q.no.5.Give the brief answer to the following questions?
(i) Define the Brain of the computer and write down the names of
Its components.
Ans.Q.no.6 and Q.no.7 both
(ii).What are the main functions of the Arithmetic Logic Unit?
Ans. See Q.no.7
(iii). What is Read only Memory?
Ans. See Q.no.8
(iv). Write down the three main uses of fingerprint Reader?
Ans. See Q.no.11 (examples)

(v). what is the main function of Robot?

Ans. See Q.no.11 (3.Robot).
(vi). How many expansion slots are there in computer? Write their names.
Ans. See Q.no.10
(vii). Write the names of major expansion cards and explain two of them.
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 COMPUTER EDUCATION Class 7
Ans. See Q.no.9
(viii). what information is gathered from barcodes?
Ans. See Q.no. 11 (1.Barcode Reader)
(ix).What is cutting edge technology? Give some examples.
Ans. See Q.no.11
(x). Why RAM is called volatile memory?
Ans. Because it loses the contents when power is off. it is also called temporary memory and Random Access
Memory.

Q.no. 6. Match Column A with Column B and write the matching pairs number in Column C.
Ans.
S.# Column A Column B Column C
i Motherboard a CPU d
ii System Unit b AGP Slot g
iii Brain c Security System A
iv Libraries d Main Board J
v Graphics/3D card e CU B
vi Fingerprint Reader f Robot C
vii Peripherals g Box I
viii Traffic policeman h Non volatile E
ix Mechanical Agent i I/O Devices F
x ROM j Barcode Reader H

k Volatile
l Sound Card

These notes are prepared by : Muhammad Idrees SSE(CS)

Govt.High School Jajjah Abbasian
Tehsil Khanpur District Rahim Yar Kahn.
idrees@mediaplus.net.pk
idreesiub7@gmail.com
0312 5020195

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