What was the trail of tears?

In 1830 President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act, which gave Ameri
cans the “right” to drive the Indians off of “our” lands. The trail of tears was the na
me given to the eleven or so trails that the army/militia/volunteers marched the
Indians on to move them into Indian territory. It was called the trail of tear
s because the Indians were given insufficient resources such as food and water f
or their 200-900 mile march. Thousands of Indians died.
Who was Nat Turner?
Nat Turner was a slave in Southampton County, Virginia who led a slave rebellion
on August 21 1831. Turner first killed his white owner then proceeded to kill
about 55 whites in the town. Nat Turner’s Rebellion was the most significant slav
e revolt in history.
Who fought the Alamo?
The Alamo was a pivotal battle in the Texas Revolution. The Republic of Texas f
ought the Mexican army. The Alamo is significant because a group of militia Tex
an soldiers and volunteers held off a much larger invading force under Santa Ann
a, inflicting a lot of casualties. The Alamo gave Sam Houston time to gather an
d plan for the final battle at San Jacinto. Major people: Jim Bowie, Davy Croc
kett, and William Barrett Travis
What is Manifest Destiny?
Manifest Destiny was the “god-given right” that we had to move west and colonize all
the land between the east and west coasts. Manifest Destiny was a nineteenth-c
entury doctrine that stated that the United States had the right and duty to exp
and throughout the North American continent.
What did we get from the Mexican American War?
On February 2nd 1848, we signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the
Mexican American War. The treaty granted the US more than 500,000 square miles
of valuable territory and the US emerged as a world power in the late nineteent
h century. The territory included California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, parts of N
ew Mexico and parts of Colorado.
What do the Underground Railroad and Uncle Tom’s Cabin have in common?
The Underground Railroad was a series of trails and safe houses in which slaves
used after escaping. The trails ended in free states and Canada, which was a fr
ee country. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was a book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, the bo
ok was used as abolitionist propaganda that proved to be exceedingly effective,
since white northerners read it and were appalled at the atrocities their race w
as doing to the blacks. It had such a profound impact on the country as a whole
that it increased the sectionalism and brought slavery to a new low.

What do Dredd Scott and John Brown have in common?

Dredd Scott and John Brown were both abolitionists. Dredd Scott was an enslaved
African American from Missouri, a slave state. When Scott’s owner died, Scott we
nt to court claiming he was a free man because he had lived in a free state (Ill
inois). His case raised a lot of questions and moved to the Supreme Court. In
March of 1857, Dredd Scott v. Sanford stated that all blacks (slaves as well as
free) were not and could never become citizens of the United States furthermore,
the court declared that the 1820 Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional, thus
permitting slavery in all of the country’s territories. This decision outraged m
any of Americans and further strengthened the abolitionist movement since the ca
se had received national attention. John Brown was a free man who led an attack
on the arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia on October 16-18, 1859. His group of
blacks and whites failed to capture the arsenal because federal and state soldi
ers stopped them, killing some of Brown’s men. They captured and hung brown. Bot
h Brown’s and Scott’s actions showed that the struggle to end slavery was growing an
d a compromise was becoming harder.
Discuss 5 Milestones of the Civil War.
January 1861: The South secedes
July 1861: First Battle of Bull Run (South wins), North blockade of the South
April 1862: Battle of the Shiloh (North wins, heavy casualties on both sides)
September 1862: Antietam (bloodiest of war, no clear winner, Lee retreated, Linc
oln used the “victory” to announce his preliminary emancipation proclamation (9/22)
which would free all slaves in areas rebelling against the US, effective January
1, 1863, this made it clear to the British and French who were considering help
ing the confederates that the civil war was all about slavery. B&F don’t help.
January 1863: Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation
July 1863: Battle of Gettysburg, Union takes Vicksburg
April 1865: Union takes Richmond, Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House, Linc
oln is assassinated
Can states now secede from the Union?
Yes but it would be cut off from all benefits. There is nowhere in the constitu
tion that says that a state cannot secede from the union.
Who was impeached during Reconstruction?
Andrew Johnson
What happened to the seventh cavalry?
June 25-26, 1876, the Seventh cavalry, lead by George A. Custer, attacked the Si
oux at Little Big Horn. The Sioux annihilated five of the seventh’s companies, ki
lling 268 American cavalrymen (including Custer himself) and wounding 55.
Name three robber barons and their specific industries.
John Jacob Astor: real estate, fur
Andrew Carnegie: steel
J.P. Morgan: finance, industrial consolidation
John D. Rockefeller: Oil
Charles M. Schwab: steel
Cornelius Vanderbilt: water transport, railroads
What does William Jennnings Bryan have to do with the Wizard of Oz?
Munchkins: urban immigrant workers
Dorothy: Kansas, former populist
Guild: unions
Mayor: Machine
Scarecrow: poor, uneducated farmers
Tin Man: heart, Oil
Lion: Courage, William Jennings Bryan
Emerald City: Washington D.C.
Wizard: President McKinley
Wizard of Oz: measure gold and silver in ounces (oz)
Poppies: opium, china, open door policy
Toto: teetotalers, temperance movement
Monkeys: Indians, savage
Witch: drought, killed by water…water ended drought
Tap silver shoes to go home: have to do it yourself
Yellow brick road: gold, path to gold (success)
What case created “separate but equal?”
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) later overturned by “Brown v. Board of Education,” 1954.
Name three milestones in the Spanish-American War.
1895: Cuban nationalists revolt against Spanish rule
February 9, 1898: Hearst publishes Dupuy du Lome s letter insulting McKinley.
February 15, 1898: Sinking of the USS Maine
April 25, 1898: US declares war on Spain
December 10, 1898: Treaty of Paris signed US annexes Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippi
nes.
January 23, 1899: Philippines declares itself an independent republic Led by Emi
lio Aguinaldo, the self-declared Filipino government fights a guerilla war again
st the US that lasts longer than the Spanish-American War itself.
1901: Platt Amendment
Name three significant events in the American Labor movement.
Fair Labor Standards Act (1938): eliminated labor conditions detrimental to the
maintenance of the minimum standards of living necessary for health, efficiency,
and well being of workers
FDR’s New Deal Programs 1930s: AAA, CCC, TVA, FDIC, FERA, WPA, SEC, NRA

Which Immigrants settled on the East coast, the mid-west, the West?
East Coast: Irish, English, Italian, French, Swiss, European
Mid-west: Mexican, Black, Irish, English
West: Asian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean
Who was Jim Crow?
Jim Crow was not actually a person, it was a name often used to describe segrega
tion laws, rules, and customs, which arouse in the late nineteenth and early twe
ntieth century.
Name five possessions the US acquired during the age of imperialism.
Manila, Phillippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam
What was the “Big Stick”?
Theodore Roosevelt’s Big Stick was his great white fleet, which allowed him to ass
ert his power directly and indirectly over the countries of the world that the U
.S. wanted to “help” or get involved with.
What is a “muckraker”?
“A man that could look no way but downward.” Muckrakers were investigative journali
sts, who exposed the corruption and evils of society in the Progressive era. T
hey sought reform and change. E.G. Jacob Riis, Upton Sinclair
What is the significance of Franz Ferdinand and The Lusitania?
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand and the sinking of the Lusitania were major
events that acted as catalysts for WWI in 1914.