RESEARCH METHOD
emphasis on the qualities of entities, processes, and meanings that are not
In this case, this research describes the communication strategies used by the
research results will be descriptive data in the written form. Again, the data of this
The objects to be analyzed in qualitative research derive from data and data
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academic year 2009/2010. It is chosen in that academic year because at that time
Intensive Course had been done in the third year. So, I assumed that it might
The data source is the subject from which the data obtained (Arikunto:
2007:107). The data source for my recent study is the transcript of communication
used by the lecturers and the students in the Intensive Course classes.
following considerations: (1) human being is more responsive, (2) she is more
adaptive to the situation, (3) she can understand the overall context better, (4) it
enables the data processing being done right after the data is collected, (5) it is
possible for her to summarize, filter and explain the data collected, and (6) she can
give a response to the collected data conceptually (Lincoln and Guba, 1985:107).
lecturers and the students. I am not involved in the interaction. I just spent time in
the classroom when the teaching and learning process occurred and at the same
time I record the lecturers’ and the students’ utterances by using video recorder.
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their classes.
a video recorder.
After collecting the data, I continue to analyze them through the following
steps:
1. Searching and finding out the communication strategies which are found
in the transcripts.
firstly, the frequent utterances which are only for addressing the students’
name, such as: “what’s your name?”, “your name is?”, and “mbak? / mas?”.
The second one is the utterances which derive from the IC handbook.
IC classes. I make a code to fracture the data and rearrange them into
categories that facilitate the comparison of the data within and between
is printed in italic style, ACl is a code for Asking for Clarification which
is printed with single straight underline style, ACo is a code for Asking for
code for Asking Repetition which is printed with double wavy underline style,
USR is a code for Using Self Repetition which is printed with dash style, USC
is a code for Using Self Correction which is printed with single wavy
underline style, and UF is a code for Using Fillers which is printed with dash
style.
am doing categorizing the data. Its function is not only to capture my analytic
thinking about the data, but also to facilitate such unexpected thinking and
n
×100 %
Ν
Note :
3.6 Triangulation
weakness or intrinsic biases and the problems that come from single method,
website of www.geocities/zulkardisubmit3.com.
effective type. Its reason is finding the other theories on communication strategies
communication strategies used for teaching. Further, I use the theories by Lam
L1/L2), Richards & Lockhart (2000) and Blosser (2010) which are for Asking
for Clarification and Asking for Confirmation, Tannen in Silvia (2005) which
is for Asking for Repetition and Using Self-Repetition, Kasper (1990) which is
for Using Self- Correction, and Erard (2010) which is for Using Fillers.