PUBLIC POWER CORPORATION OF GREECE S.A.

TSD/ PROTECTION SECTION May 2008

SPECIFICATION SS 108/4

NUMERICAL DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAYS FOR THE NUMERICAL DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAYS FOR THE 400KV TRANSMISSION LINES 400KV TRANSMISSION LINES
I. SCOPE This specification covers the required technical, operational and constructional characteristics and testing of numerical distance protection relays for 400KV transmission lines. KEY WORDS Numerical relays, distance protection relays, relays, digital relays.

II.

III. USE The distance protection relays are to be used for the protection of each 400KV transmission line of the 400KV double circuit against phase to phase and phase to ground faults. It should be noted that for reasons of increased reliability, two (2) redundant distance relays of the same type but of different manufacturer are employed for the protection of each transmission line. One used as back-up. IV. STANDARDS The relays shall conform to the latest IEC standards. Relays based on ANSI / IEEE or DIN / VDE standards can be offered, subject however, to the Purchasers approval. OPERATING CONDITIONS 1. Installation 2. Temperature range 3. Relative Humidity

V.

: Indoors : -5 0 C to 550 C : 5% to 85 %

VI.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 1. Rated Voltage (phase to phase) : 400 KV rms 2. Maximum Operating Voltage (phase to phase) : 420 KV rms 3. Voltage operating range : 380 to 420 KV

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4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Rated frequency Number of phases System Neutral Frequency Range Rated short circuit level Maximum permissible duration of fault to maintain stability 10. Circuit breaker tripping scheme

: 50 Hz :3 : Solidly Earthed : 50 Hz 0.2 Hz : 40KA at 420 KV : 500 msec : 1 pole and 3 pole

VII. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 400KV TRANSMISSION LINES The 400KV double circuit transmission lines are not transposed and consist of twin bundle ACSR conductors, of 954 MCM each. The double circuit line is effectively protected by shield wires and the towers have a ground resistance up to 20 Ohms maximum. No of circuits Cross Section, MCM R1, Ohms / Km X1, Ohms / Km Ro, Ohms / Km Xo, Ohms / Km Rom, Ohms / Km Xom, Ohms / Km B1, mhos / Km Bo, mhos / Km Bom, mhos / Km Length Range :2 : 954 MCM* : 0.03293* : 0.3184* : 0.2587* : 1.1740* : 0.2262** : 0.7568** : 3.57* : 2.168* : -0.5762** : 10 to 180 Km

* Values are for one circuit of a double circuit line. ** Mutual zero sequence quantities between the two circuits.

VIII. INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER CHARACTERISTICS The distance protection relays shall be used in conjunction with instrument transformers which have the following characteristics 1. Voltage Transformers Type Connection Number of secondary windings Rated output per secondary winding and class: Windings 1 and 2 (for metering) Windings 3 (protection) Rated transformation ratio

: Single-phase, oil immersed of the inductive type : Wye grounded :3

: 150 VA, class 0.5 : 100 VA, class 3P / 0.5 400 100 100 100 : KV V 3 3 3 3

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2. Current Transformers Type Connection Number secondary windings Rated output and class per winding Winding No1 (for metering) Winding No2 (for distance protection) Winding No3 (for distance protection) Winding No4 (for bus differential protection) Rated transformation ratio

: Single-phase, oil immersed : Wye grounded :4 : 60VA, class 0.5 : 60VA, class 5P 20 : 60VA, class 5P 20 : 30VA, class 5P 20 : 1600 800A / 1-1-1-1A

IX. DISTANCE RELAY REQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS 1. Analog inputs a. Rated Current b. Rated Voltage 2. Binary (Digital) Inputs a. Rated Voltage b. Rated Voltage tolerance c. Number of digital inputs

: 1A AC : 100 3 V AC

: 220V DC : +10%, -15% : 12

3. Output Contacts a. Heavy duty contacts (for breaker operation) Six (6) N.O., heavy duty contacts with the following characteristics: Maximum rated voltage : 250 V DC Continuous Current : 5A Short-time current, for 0.5 sec : 30A Switching making capability : 4A at 250 V DC Switching breaking capability (for DC with L/R <40 msec) : 0.15A at 250V DC b. Signalling (indication) configurable contacts. Ten (10) (NO.) contacts with the following characteristics: Maximum rated voltage : 250 V DC Continuous Current : 1A Switching making capability : 0.10A at 250 V DC Switching breaking capability (for DC with L/R <40 msec) : 0.10A at 250V DC 4. Auxiliary supply voltage a. Rated Voltage

: 220V DC

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b. Voltage tolerance

: +10%, -15%

5. Constructional characteristics a. The distance relay shall preferably be of modular design with plug in units. This facilitates repairs and fault tracing. b. The distance relay shall be suitable for panel flush mounting or semi-flush mounting or surface panel mounting. c. Automatic short circuiting of the current contacts must be foreseen in the case where the current input unit is of the draw out type. d. The relay case shall provide degree of protection IP 50 as per IEC. e. The distance relay shall be equipped with screw type terminals suitable for 2.5 mm2conductors. 6. Operating Characteristic. The operating characteristic shall be quadrilateral (polygonal) for all types of faults or mho only for phase-to-phase faults. 7. Zones The distance relay shall have at least three (3) distance zones, two (2) in the forward direction and one (1) in the forward-reverse direction for all type of faults (phase to phase and phase to earth). The reach of the distance zones shall be selectable within the range of 0-90: secondary in the X axis and within the range of 0-30 secondary in the R-axis. 8. Type of distance relay and phase selection The distance relay shall be of the numerical type and shall ensure clearance of all types of phase and earth faults in the protected zone and direction with selective three-phase tripping or single-pole tripping with auto-reclosing. The fault detection shall be done with impedance excitation and overcurrent criteria. A phase selection shall be included to provide reliable indentification of fault and phase involved, for correct single-pole tripping. 9. Operating Time of the distance relay The operating time of the relay shall be 20 msec 10. Configuration of the distance relay All settings (parameterization) shall be input by means of an integrated keyboard and display and by a PC. The settings shall be stored in a non-volatile memory, so that they cannot be lost even during interruption of the substation auxiliary voltage and relays internal battery (if available) 11. Protection against Noise and Transients The distance relay shall be capable of suppressing the influence of switching currents, transient DC current components, high-frequency transients and harmonics and in general, shall be capable of operating without problems in a substation enviroment.

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X.

ADDITIONAL REQUIRED DISTANCE RELAY FEATURES In addition to the basic distance protection features, the distance relay shall have the following additional features: 1. Switch on to fault protection (SOFT) By monitoring the manual close command over a defined period, the switch on to fault feature shall ensure instantaneous tripping without autoreclosing when the circuit breaker is closed on to a fault. 2. Trip circuit Supervision 3. Teleprotection (carrier interface) a. The cooperation between the distance protection relays of two circuit breakers protecting the same circuit and located at its opposite ends, shall be accomplished by H.F. carrier. The distance relays shall be designed in a such way as to allow adaptation to the following possible transfer tripping techniques. The distance relay sensing a fault in its first zone, trips its respective circuit breaker instantaneously and simultaneously sends a signal via carrier to the distance relay of the remote end. In case this relay has also started its operation by sensing the fault in the proper direction, then the incoming signal shall either trip the circuit breaker (permissive under reaching transfer trip) or shall extend the measuring range of the first zone. In case of absence of the H.F. carrier the distance relays shall be capable of operating independently. b. Modes of operation - PUTT (Z1B acceleration) and - PUTT (acceleration with pickup) 4. Auto reclosure The range of operational modes shall, be as follows: a. Fast single-pole auto reclosing for single-phase faults b. Fast three-pole auto reclosing for multi-phase faults c. Fast three-pole autoreclosing for all fault types d. Single or multi shot autoreclosing, up to 3 shots. 5. Synchrocheck 6. Power swing blocking / tripping 7. Fault locator 8. Directional earth fault protection Directional earth fault protection designed to protect against faults that are highly resistive and can not be detected by the distance protection function. The directional earth fault shall have the following selectable feature:

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 Time delayed three-pole tripping, either definite time or inverse time using a selection of IEC or ANSI curies 9. Self monitoring (checking) During operation, self-monitoring shall be performed and in case of an internal fault or loss of the D.C. auxiliary supply, a signal shall be issued for protection blocking and / or alarming. 10. Breaker failure protection. The breaker failure protection by detecting the current flowing through the corresponding circuit breaker will operate, through a timer, an output contact should the circuit breaker fails to operate. 11. Disturbance recording (fault recording) Any disturbance (fault) shall be recorded and stored for analysis. The capacity of memory shall permit the storage of at least four faults. In the technical offer, the memory capacity and time length of the faults that can be stored must be clearly indicated. Capability shall exist so that the disturbance (fault) data can be read remotely via modem. The recording shall include both analog and digital signals. The synchronization source must be an internal clock and a GPS ratio clock. 12. Measurements (Metering) The measurement function shall be capable of measuring analog quantities, that is frequency, voltage, current active and reactive power in real time. 13. Emergency overcurrent protection Emergency overcurrent protection

in

the event

of loss

on AC

voltage.

14. Compensation of mutual zero sequence impedance Compensation of mutual zero sequence impedance between the two parallel circuits of a double line with the capability to deenergize this function if needed.

XI.

COMMUNICATIONS The relay shall be fitted with two serial ports for reasons of interfacing and specifically with: 1. One serial port suitable for connection to a PC. An operator program, running under WINDOWS shall be available to enable userfriendly parameter setting, analysis of fault data and records and commissioning either locally or remotely via modem.

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2. One serial port suitable for system interface. (fiber optic) shall be available for connection to a digital computerized substation control system. The communication protocol shall be as per IEC 61850. 3. Besides an internal synchronization clock, the relay must be capable of being synchronized, via a substation automation control systems master clock, which has the capability of GPS synchronization besides of its own. 4. A number of 20 cables for the communication of the relay with PC must be included in the offer. XII. SOFTWARE Software, WINDOWS based (3 copies at least), for the parameter setting, analysis of fault data and records and commissioning shall be provided on the basis of a royalty free, non exclusive with irrevocable license to use by PPC. The software shall be user friendly and displaying on VDU (screen) all analog waveforms and digital signals. The software shall be menu-driven.

XIII.

TESTS

1. Routine Tests as per IEC 602555-5 a. Dielectric Withstand test b. Impulse Voltage test 2. Type tests. a. Impulse Voltage test as per IEC-60255-5 b. High Frequency test as per IEC-60255-22-1

:2KV rms, 50Hz, 1 minute, between all terminals and case earth : 5KV peak, 1.2 / 50s, 0.5J

: 5KV peak, 1.2 / 50s, 0.5J

: 2.5 KV peak, 1MHz, t = 15s, 400 shots/sec, duration = 2sec

c. Electrostatic Discharge test as per IEC-60255-22-2 class III d. Fast Transient test as per IEC-60255-22-4 class III

: 4KV contact discharge, 8KV air discharge both polarities. : 2KV, 5KHz, burst length = 15 ms, repetition rate = 300ms, both polarities, duration = 1min

e. Vibration test as per IEC-60068-2-6: 60Hz to 150Hz, 0.5 acceleration, sweep rate = 10 octaves / min, 20 cycles in 3 orthogonal axes NOTE: In case of lack of IEC testing standards, the only other standards that could be considered are VDE and ANSI / IEEE, subject, however to the purchasers approval.

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XIV. 1.

INFORMATION WHICH MUST BE PROVIDED BY ALL BIDDERS All necessary technical pamphlets and technical information so that the technical evaluation of the offered distance relay can be carried out.

2. Outline drawings with over-all dimensions and wiring diagrams of the offered distance relays. 3. Any test certificates for all specified type tests in this hereby specification may be submitted along with the technical offer. Acceptance or not of the submitted test certificates will be subject to the purchasers approval. 4. A reference list shall be submitted and in which the following shall be included: Country and buyer Type of the relay Number of units sold Year of sale. 5. Guarantee of good operation for a period of at least five (5) years. 6. The cost of training in the premises of the supplier of three engineers covering the cost of transportation and accommodation, for three days. All bidders are required to complete attachment A. Failure to comply with this request or submission of attachment A incomplete shall constitute sufficient reason for rejection of the offer.

7.

XV.

DATA WHICH MUST BE PROVIDED BY THE SUCCESSFUL BIDDER.

1. Complete functional and wiring drawings for approval before shipment of the relays. 2. Complete outline dimensional drawings for approval before shipment of the relays. 3. All necessary documentation concerning installation, commissioning, operation, maintenance, parameter setting and trouble shooting of the relay. 4. Complete instructions for the operation and application of the related software.

XVI. PACKING - DELIVERY Each relay with all of its units (if any) shall be packaged separately inside a robust box properly labeled. The relays shall be delivered packed in two (2) yearly givings.

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ATTACHEMENT A ATTACHEMENT A
1. 2. 3. Type of the offered relay Temperature tolerance range Analog Inputs of the relay: a. Rated current b. Rated voltage Digital Inputs: a. Rated voltage b. Rated voltage tolerance c. Number of inputs Heavy duty Output Contacts a. Number of heavy duty contacts b. Continuous current c. Short-time current (0.5 sec) d. Switching making capability e. Switching breaking capability Signaling contacts a. Are they configurable? b. Number of signaling contacts c. Rated voltage d. Continuous current e. Switching making capability f. Switching breaking capability Auxiliary supply voltage Auxiliary supply voltage tolerance Is the offered relay of the modular design type? : :. .

: :

4.

: : :

5.

: : : : :

6.

: : : : :

7. 8. 9.

: :

10.

Is the offered relay suitable for panel flush mounting? : Is automatic short-circuiting of the current contacts available in the case where the current input unit is of the draw out type? : Degree of protection of the relay case :

11.

12.

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13.

Is the relay equipped with screw type terminals suitable for 2.5mm2 conductors : Type of measurement characteristic Number and description of the zones : : : .. .. : : .. : :

14. 15.

16.

Reach of the zones

17. 18.

Are the zones selectable? Criteria used for fault detection

19. 20. 21.

Operating (response) time of the relay Reset time of the relay

Is the relay equipped with an integral keyboard and display for parameter setting?: Can the relay be set by PC? How is the relay protected against electrical noise and transients? :

22. 23.

: ..

24.

Is the relay equipped with switch onto fault protection? Is the relay equipped with trip circuit supervision? Does the offered relay comply with the requirements of paragraph X-3?

25.

26.

: .. .. ..

27.

Describe the autoreclosure feature of the offered relay

: .. .. ..

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28.

Is the offered relay equipped with synchrocheck? Is the offered relay equipped with Power swing blocking? Is the offered relay equipped with fault locator? Is the offered relay equipped with directional earth fault protection? Is the offered relay equipped with self monitoring (checking) feature? Is the offered relay equipped with breaker failure protection?

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

Describe how the breaker failure protection feature operates : .. .. ... Is the offered relay equipped with disturbance recording?

35.

36.

Is the offered relay equipped with internal synchronization clock? : .. Can the offered relay be synchronized via a master clock belonging to a substation automation control system? Is the offered relay equipped with measurement feature?

37.

38.

39.

Is the offered relay equipped with two serial ports? One for connection to a PC, the other for connection to a digital computerized substation control system? : .. .. What is the communication protocol used for the connection of the relay to the digital computerized substation control system? :

40.

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41. 42.

Is software provided (3 copies at least)? Is a number of 20 cables for the communication of the relay with PC provided? Is the software windows based? Can the software be used for parameter settings, analysis of fault data and record and commissioning? What is the memory capacity of the disturbance recorder?

: ..

: :

43. 44.

45.

46.

Haw many faults can be stored in the memory of the disturbance recorder? And what is the time length of fault? : .. For the teleprtaction function, indicate modes of operation

47.

: .. . . :

48.

Guarantee of five (5) years at least?

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PUBLIC POWER CORPORATION S.A.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION TD-16/3 DIGITAL DISTANCE PROTECTION RELAYS FOR TRANSMISSION 150KV NETWORKS

MAY 2008 ATHENS

1. Introductory remarks - range of application. This technical description concerns digital distance protection relays to be installed in PPC transmission power system of a nominal vo1tage of 150 KV. It establishes requirements for the performance, design, testing and operation f the relevant equipment and related software. The relays are primarily intended to provide fast, selective and reliable clearance of faults in high voltage network. n addition to the fundamental distance protection function supplementary r optional functions are required covering the needs for operation in a modem working environment. 2. References and standards. The items to be offered (hardware/software) will conform to the international standards and codes of practice, mainly: - Currently valid IEC standards applicable for such devices covering performance, insulation and disturbance requirements, indicately : Withstand voltage : (IEC 255-5) - Industrial frequency : 2KV, 50 z, 1min - Impulse test 1,2/50 , 5KV Disturbance tests (IEC 255-22/1,2,3,4) - High frequency 1z/2,5/1,0 KV (common/differential mode) Vibration/shock requirements (IEC 255-21-1) : class (IEC 255-21-3) : class CCITT recommendation, the application of which will ensure unobstacle communication with the relays through the existing communication network. n case of lack of international regulations, conformity to the national standards (i.e. the manufacturer's country standards) applicable for such devices could be considered, subject to purchaser's approval (ANSI, VDE etc.). Finally, conformity statement of the manufacturer according to the provision of U directive 73/23/EEC and 89/336/EEC will be required. 3. Operating environment. Network data The relays will be installed in the 150KV transmission network of PPC. The main data of this network are shown below. Rated voltage : 150KV rms System neutral :solidly earthed Nominal frequency : 50 z (in emergency conditions frequency could be between 47.5 z to 51 z) Short-circuit level : 6500 MV (nominal)

 VT, CT characteristics The secondary nominal voltage of the inductive or capacitive potential transformers is typically 120 / 3 or 100 / 3 and their class 3P/0.5. Nominal secondary current of the CTs is 1A or 5A and their class 5P20 and burden 60VA. Power supply In 150KV PPC substation for the supply of the control/recording equipment is available a battery system providing DC voltage of a level of 110V or 220V (+10%, -10%). Electromagnetic interference The relays will be installed in high voltage installation and it is the manufacturers responsibility to provide all necessary measures (grounding, shielding) to assure reliable operation. Ambient conditions The relays will be designed for indoor operation over a temperature range from 5 oC to 55oC and humidity range from 5% to 90%. 4. Protection basic performance and functions. Distance relay will be numerical type and will ensure clearance of all types of phase or ground faults in the protected zone and direction providing selective three phase tripping. Fault detection will include impedance excitation and eventually underimpedance, earth fault and overcurrent excitation. The impedance characteristics of the relay will be quadrilateral (or mho only for faults between phases) ensuring enhanced stability in case of load encroachment. At least 3-distrance zones will be provided (two zones forward and one zone reverse) The reach of the distance zones can be selectable within the range 80 Ohm secondary in Xaxis and 30 Ohm secondary in R-axis. The relay will be fast with a maximum permissible operating time 30 msec for all types of faults. At least four groups of settings have to be stored in the relay which must be selectable by the user during operation either locally by on-the-relay interface or remotely via external signal. Marshalling of binary inputs, binary output indicators on the relay front panel must be possible by means of the interface on the front or remotely. The assignments of inputs, outputs can be easily restructured for adaptation to the on site conditions. The contacts assignment can be performed by selection from an existing library in the memory of the relay and/or by establishment of equations based on the Boolean logic.

In addition to the basic distance protection function, a package of extra functions is requested to meet the needs for the efficient operation of the network. Analytically : - Switch-on-to fault feature (SOFT) : by monitoring the manual close command over a defined period SOFT will ensure instantaneous tripping without autoreclosing when the circuit breaker is closed onto a fault. - Back-up overcurrent - time protection function : it will be activated in case of failure of voltage measurement circuit. - Teleprotection: typically the permissive underreach scheme is used. Optionally other schemes will be provided (direct transfer zone extension, overreach or blocking scheme) - Autoreclosing: fast three pole autoreclose. - Synchrocheck: feature related to the autoreclosure function (for remote control). It ensures circuit breaker closure only in synchronize conditions (selectably by the user). - Fault locator. - Fault recording : in the event of a fault and/or excitation the fault data will be stored in the relay for analysis. The fault data can be read remotely via modem. n the offer it must be clearly stated the memory capacity and the number/time length of the faults which can be stored. The capacity of the memory will permit the storage of at least four faults. It must be underlined that the fault report will include digital events and analog waveforms. - Metering: it enables real time measurements of all analog quantities (U,I,P,Q) either locally or remotely via modem. - Directional earth fault (DEF) function it is used for achievement of discriminative clearance of high resistance earth fault. - Self-monitoring: During operation self-monitoring tests will be performed and in case of an internal fault or loss of dc supply a signal is issued for protection blocking and/or warning. - Circuit Breaker Failure Protection : by monitoring the circuit breaker status after an issue of a trip command over a time period while the relay excitation is yet active a circuit breaker failure is issued. 5. Design and construction. ll functions will be included in a housing providing degree of protection 50 according to IEC. The construction preferably will be of modular design with plug-in units facilitating repairs and providing self-diagnostic (fault tracing) for each module. The installation will be flush mounting. ll the appropriate specia1 accessories (special cables/ plugs interfaces, adaptors etc.) for communication and testing have to be included in the offer.

Automatic short-circuit of current contacts must to be foreseen, in the case where the current input unit is of draw out type. The dc/dc converter accommodated in the relay housing will provide uninterrupted operation and it must have an input voltage of 110 V DC or 220 V DC (+ 10%, -15%). The analog to digital converter will digitize the input signal with a resolution of 12 bits (min requirements) for reliable wareform operation. . The trip output contacts will be of heavy duty with the following ratings (minimum requirements) : - Current carrying capacity :5 - Making capacity (L/R=40ms) : 1000W/VA - Breaking capacity : 30W/VA The switching/breaking capacity of the contacts must be mentioned in the offer. The function of the alarm contacts will be assignable and their configuration can be done easily by the software locally or remotely. Signal contacts will provide information for the status of the relay in case of maloperation. Twelve digital inputs and sixteen digital outputs at least are required. 6. Communication and interfaces. The relay shall be fitted with two (2) serial ports for reasons of interfacing and specifically with: 1. One serial port suitable for connection to a PC. An operator program shall be available to enable user - friendly parameter setting, analysis of fault data and records and commissioning either locally or remotely via modem. 2. One serial port suitable for system interface (fiber optic) shall be available for connection to a digital computerized substation control system. The communication protocol shall be as per IEC 60870 - 5 - 103. 3. Besides an internal synchronization clock, the relay must be capable of being synchronized via the substation automation control system's master clock which has the capability of G.P.S. synchronization besides that of its own. 4. A number of 20 cables for the communication of the relay with PC must be included in the offer.

7. Software. Software for the operation (3 copies at least, included in the price of the offered devices) will be provided on the basis of a royalty free, non-exclusive, with irrevocable license to use for the operation of the relays. This term is applicable for the software covering all issues: Setting transmission, calibration, fault analysis, communication relay-PC and communication relay -remote station. The software will be menu-driven, friendly to the user and easy to be followed even by an inexperienced operator. The fault analysis software will be capable of displaying on a VGA all analog waveforms and binary signals.

8. Tests The package to be offered will be in compliance with the standards mentioned in 2 above. Tests certificates, issued by official laboratories, will be provided covering type and routine tests. Existing certificates and test reports will be accepted providing that they will be found satisfactory by the purchaser. Conformity to the relevant EU directives and guidelines is also required. 9.Additional requirements Bidders have to provide full documentation concerning the installation, commissioning, operation, maintenance, trouble-shooting of the equipment. Furthermore complete instructions will be delivered for the operation of the related software in Greek or English language. Also references and documentation will be provided which demonstrate that the offered hardware/software packages have been used in commercial scale and that the offered material is part of the manufacturers standard production. In the references a list of users of the offered products, in the area of the power transmission networks, will be provided. The purchaser can request certifications of users concerning the good performance of the products. After the assignment of the contract the contractor has to provide full technical documentation in Greek or English language covering all relevant issues on the/operation/testing/troubleshooting ensuring an unobstacle operation by the PPC personnel without any intervention of the manufacturer/contractor. Guarantee of good operation for a period of at least five (5) years. The contractor will undertake the cost of training in the premises of the supplier of three engineers covering the cost of transportation and accommodation. All hardware/software features will be according to this specification. Any deviation has to be clearly described and identified in the offer. The relays shall be delivered packed in three (3) yearly givings.