Definisi Persediaan
Persediaan adalah semua barang atau bahan yang
diperlukan dalam proses produksi dan distribusi untuk
diproses lebih lanjut atau dijual di mana merupakan
investasi yang penting pada suatu perusahaan.
(Sundjaja, 2003)
atau
Contoh Perhitungan POQ:
Nathan Manufacturing Inc., makes and sells specialty hubcaps for the
retail automobile aftermarket. Nathan’s forecast for its wire-wheel
hubcap is 1.000 units next year, with an average daily demand of 4
units. However, the production process is most efficient at 8 units per
day. So the company produces 8 per day but uses only 4 per day. The
company wants to solve for the optimum number units per
order. (note: this plant schedule production of this hubcap only as
needed, during the 250 days per year the shop operates).
The data of annual demand (D) is 1.000 units, setup cost (S) is $10,
holding cost (H) is $0,50 per unit per year, daily production rate (p) is
8 units daily, and daily demand rate (d) is 4 units daily.
Jawaban Perhitungan POQ:
Jumlah produksi/pemesanan optimal:
Model Persediaan
(Untuk Permintaan Independen)
3. Model Quantity Discount merupakan pengurangan
harga (P) untuk produk-produk ketika dibeli dalam
jumlah besar.
Terdapat trade-off ketika mempertimbangkan
diskon kuantitas, yaitu antara penurunan biaya
produksi atau peningkatan biaya penahanan/
penyimpanan (holding cost)
Biaya total persediaan tahunan (dengan memasuk-
kan biaya produk):
Langkah-langkah perhitungan:
Menghitung jumlah pemesanan optimal.
di mana H = I x P
This equation for ROP assumes that demand during lead time
and lead time itself are constant.