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Welcome to Scribd - Where the world comes to read, discover, and share... We re using Facebook to give you reading recommendations based on what your friend s are sharing and the things you like. We've also made it easy to connect with y our friends: you are now following your Facebook friends who are on Scribd, and they are following you! In the future you can access your account using your Fac ebook login and password. Learn moreNo thanks Some of your friends are already on Scribd: 1 First Page Previous Page Next Page / 20 Sections not available Zoom Out Zoom In Fullscreen Exit Fullscreen Select View Mode View Mode SlideshowScroll Readcast Add a Comment Embed & Share Readcast Reading should be social! Post a message on your social networks to let others k now what you're reading. Select the sites below and start sharing. Check_27x27Transparent Check_27x27Transparent Check_27x27TransparentLink account Readcast this DocumentTransparent Readcast Complete! Click 'send' to Readcast! edit preferences Set your preferences for next time...Choose 'auto' to readcast without being pro mpted. Khushbu Sharma Link account AdvancedCancel Add a Comment Submit share: Characters: 400 Share & Embed Add to Collections Download this Document for Free Auto-hide: on Abhishek Dave CTAE, UDAIPUR(aloneab hi_ 2 1@yahoo.c o m) 1 A REPORT O N SUMMER TRAI NI NG U n d er t a k en a t 220/ 132 kV

Subst at i on at Bhi nmal ( Jal or e) Under theguidanceof Er.K. C. Gupta(executive engineer, 220KV GSS,Bhinmal) Er.A.P. Mathur(assi st ant engineer, 220KV GSS, Bhinmal) Er.A.K. Begad(junior engineer, 220KV GSS, Bhinmal) Submitted by: Abhishek D ave B.E.2nd year, Electrical Engineering, College of Technology and Engineering, Udaipur Abhishek Dave CTAE, UDAIPUR(aloneab hi_ 2 1@yahoo.c o m) 2 Abhishek Dave CTAE, UDAIPUR(aloneab hi_ 2 1@yahoo.c o m) 3 Contents 1.220/132 KV SUB-STATION Definition Introduction o About the substation Construction Site Selection & Layout Equipment in a 220KVSubstation o Bus- bar o Insulators o Isolating Switches o Circuit breaker o Protectiverelay o Instrument Transformer Current Transformer Voltage Transformer o Metering and Indicating Instrument o Miscellaneous equipment o Transformer o Lightening arrestors o Line isolator o Wave trap Single line diagram (SLD) Brief descriptions of the instruments in the line diagram are Abhishek Dave CTAE, UDAIPUR(aloneab hi_ 2 1@yahoo.c o m) 4 1.Def i ni t i on of sub -st at i on :The assembly of apparatus used to change some characteristics (e.g.Voltage acto d cfreq. p.f. etc) of electric supply is called sub-station

2.I nt r oduct i on : The present day electrical power system is a.c. i.e. electric power isgenerated, transmitted and distributed in the form of Alternating curren t. Theelectricpower is produce at the power station, which are located at favora bleplaces, generally quite away from the consumers. It is delivered to the consu mer througha large network of transmission and distribution. At many place in the li neof power system, it may be desirable and necessary to change somecharacteristi c (e.g. Voltage, ac to dc, frequency p.f. etc.) of electric supply. Thisis accom plished by suitable apparatus called sub-station for example, generation voltage (11KVor 6.6 KV) at the power stationis stepped up to high voltage (Say220KVto 1 32 KV) for transmission of electric power. Similarly near the consumer slocalities , the voltage may have to be stepped down to utilization level. This job isagain accomplished by suitable apparatus called sub-station. 2 .1About the substati on :The substation in Bhinmal, Jalore-343029, Rajasthan is one of the largest power grids in the state of Rajasthan and the northwest area India. The most important of any substation is the grounding (EarthingSystem) of the instruments, transformers etc. used in the substation for the safety of the operation personnel as well as for proper system operation and performance of the protective devices. An earthes system comprising of an earthing mat buried at a suitable depth below ground and supplemented with ground rods at suitable points is provided in the substations. These ground the extra high voltage to the ground. As it is dangerous to us to go near the instrument without proper earth. If the instruments are not ground properly they may give a huge shock to anyone who would stay near it and also it is dangerous for the costly instrument as they may get damaged by this high voltage. Si t e Sel ect i on & Lay out220KV Subst at i on :220KV Sub-Station forms an important link between Transmission network and Distribution network. It has a vital influence of reliability of service. Apart from ensuring efficient transmission and Distribution of power, the sub-station configuration shouldbe such that it enables easy maintenance of equipment and minimum interruptions in power supply. Sub-Station is constructed Abhishek Dave CTAE, UDAIPUR(aloneab hi_ 2 1@yahoo.c o m) 5 as near as possible to the load center. The voltage level of power transmission is decided on the quantum of power to be transmitted to the load center. Sel ect i on of si t e:Main points to be considered while selecting the site for Grid Su b-Station are as follows: i)The site chosen should be as near to the load center as possible. ii)It should be easily approachable by road or rail for transportation of equipments. iii)Land should be fairly leveled to minimize development cost. iv)Source of water should be as near to the site as possible. This is because water is required for various construction activities (especially civil works), earthing and for drinking purposes etc. v)The sub-station site should be as near to the town / city but should be clear of public places, aerodromes, and Military / police installations. vi)The land should be have sufficient ground area to accommodate substation equipments,buildings, staff quarters, space for storage

of material, such as store yards and store shedsetc. with roads and space for future expansion. vii)Set back distances from various roads such as National Highways, State Highways should be observed as per the regulations in force. viii)While selecting the land for the Substation preference to be given to the Govt. land over private land. ix)The land should not have water logging problem. x)Far away from obstructions, to permit easy and safe approach / termination of high voltage overhead transmission lines. 4 .Equi pment i n a 220KV Sub-St at i on : The equipment required for a transformer Sub-Station dependsupon the type of Sub-Station, Service requirement and the degreeof protec tiondesired.220KV EHV Sub-Station has the following major equipments. 1)Bu s- b a r:-When a no. of lines operating at the same voltage have to be directly connected electrically, bus-bar are used, it is made up of copper or aluminum bars (generally of rectangular X-Section) and operate at constant voltage. The bus is a line in which the incoming feeders come into and get into the instruments for furtherstep up or step down. The first bus is used for putting the incoming feeders inLAsingleline.There may be double line in the bus so that if any fault occurs in the one the other can still havethe current and the supply will not stop. The two lines in the bus are separated by a little distancebya Conductor having a connector between them. This is so that one can work at a time and theother works only if the first is having any fault. Abhishek Dave CTAE, UDAIPUR(aloneab hi_ 2 1@yahoo.c o m) 6 2)I nsul at or s :-The insulator serves two purpose. They support the conductor (or bus bar) and confine the current to the conductor. The most commonly u sed material for the manufactures of insulators is porcelain. There are several type of insulator (i.e. pine type, suspension type etc.) and there used in Su b-Station will depend upon the service requirement. 3)I sol at i ng Swi t ches:-In Sub -Station, it is often desired to disconnect a part of the system for general maintenance and repairs. This is acc omplished by an isolating switchor isolator. An isolator is essentially a kniff Switch and is design to often open a circuit under no load, in other words, isolator Switches are operate only when the line is which they are connected carry no load. For ex ample, consider that the isolator are connected on both side of a cut breaker, i f the isolators are to be opened, the C.B. must be openedfirst. 4)Ci rcui t breaker : -A circuit breaker is an equipment, which can open or close a circuit under normal as well as fault condition. These circuit breaker breaks for a fault which can damage other instr ument in the station.It is so designed that it can be operated manually (or by r emote control) under normal conditions and automatically under fault condition.T

here are mainly two types of circuit breakers used for any substations. They are (a) SF6 circuit breakers; (b) spring circuit breakers.For the latter operation a relay wt. is used with a C.B. generally bulk oil C.B. are used for v oltage upto 66 KV while for high voltage low oil & SF6 C.B. are used. For still higher voltage, air blast vacuum or SF6 cut breaker are used. The use of SF6 circuit breaker is mainly in the substations which are having high input kv input, say above 220kv and more. The gas is put inside the circuit breaker by force ieunder high pressure. When if the gas gets decreases there is a motor connected to the circuit breaker. The motor starts operating if the gas went lower than 20.8 bar. There is a meter connected to the breaker so that it can be manually seen if the gas goes low. The circuit breaker uses the SF6 gas to reduce the torque produce in it due to any fault in the line. The circuit breaker has a direct link with the instruments in the station, when any fault occur alarm bell rings. 5)Pr ot ect i ve r el ay:-A protectiverelay is a device that detects the fault and initiates the operation of the C.B. to isolate the defective eleme nt from the rest of the system . The relay detects the abnormal condition in the e lectrical circuit by constantly measuring the electrical quantities, which are d ifferent under normal and fault condition. The electrical quantities which may c hange under fault condition are voltage, current, frequency and phase angle. Having detect the fault, the relay operate to close the trip circuit of C.B. Training Report on 220 to 132KV Substation Download this Document for FreePrintMobileCollectionsReport Document Report this document? Please tell us reason(s) for reporting this document Spam or junk Porn adult content Hateful or offensive If you are the copyright owner of this document and want to report it, please fo llow these directions to submit a copyright infringement notice. Report Cancel This is a private document. Question_small Info and Rating Reads: 3,870 Uploaded: 07/17/2010 Category: How-To Guides/Manuals Rated: Copyright: Attribution Non-commercial Attribution_noncommercial Abhishek Dave Share & Embed Related Documents PreviousNext

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