La compaa ha
limitado sus
deproduce estos arculos. Para
madera, mano de obra y barnizado,
con recursos
los cuales
3
producir
unade
mesa
utiliza 30 cm de madera, 2 horas
de mano
obra, y 4 horas de barnizado. Para
3
producir
una
silla
utiliza 20 cm de madera, 2 horas de mano de obra, y 6 horas de barnizado. Los
recursos disponibles son
3
120 cm de madera, 9 horas de mano de obra, y 24 horas de barnizado.
Por cada mesa que vende obtiene una utilidad de $10.00, y por cada silla
obtiene una utilidad de $8.00
La administracin de la empresa necesita determinar la mejor mezcla de
productos,
o sea, aquella
que maximice la utilidad sujeta
a la disponibilidad
de los recursos mencionados.
Realizarlos en los
mtodos grfico y simple.
MTODO GRFICO
Madera
M. Obra
Barnizado
X1
X2
Mesa
30
2
4
Silla
20
2
6
<=
<=
<=
Recursos
120
cm3
9
horas
24
horas
0 + 10X2 <= 15
X1 <= 120/30 = 4
Ecuacin 2
2X1 + 2X2 <= 9
Si X1 =0
X2 <= 1.5
Por sustitucin en ecuacin 1 = X1 <= 3
X
Y
4.5
4.5
2X2 <= 9
X2 <= 9/2 = 4.5
Si X2=0
2X1 <= 9
X1 <= 9/2 = 4.5
Ecuacin 3
4X1 + 6X2 <= 24
Si X1 =0
6X2 <= 24
X2 <= 24/6 = 4
Si X2=0
4X1 <= 24
0 + 2X2 <= 6
X1 <= 24/4 = 6
X2<= 3
Por sustitucin en ecuacin 2 =X1 <= 1.5
Posibles Resultados:
X1
X2
0
4
3
1.5
0
0
0
1.5
3
4
40.00
42.00
39.00
32.00
MXIMA UTILIDAD
Para alcanzar su mxima utilidad ($42 pesos) necesita hacer 3 mesas y 2 sillas aproximada
Madera
M. Obra
Barnizado
X1
X2
Mesa
30
2
4
Silla
20
2
6
<=
<=
<=
Recursos
120
cm3
9
horas
24
horas
24
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
-10
-8
X3
30
20
X4
X5
Z
1
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
-10
-8
Lado
derecho
0
30
20
120
Iteracin CERO
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X3
1
X4
X5
24
Dividimos el "Lado derecho" entre los nmeros positivos de la columna pivote, y agarramos el rengln
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X3
1
X4
2
X5
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X4
2
X5
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X4
2
X5
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X4
2
Z
1
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
-10
-8
Lado
derecho
0
30
20
120
24
Z
1
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
-10
-8
Lado
derecho
0
30
20
120
24
X4
X5
Lado
derecho
0/30
0/30
120/30
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
Lado
derecho
Z
1
0
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
30/30
20/30
1/30
0
0
Z
1
0
0
2/3
0.03
X5
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X4
2
Z
1
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
-10
-8
Lado
derecho
0
2/3
0.03
X5
10
-10
1
-8
2/3
0
0.03
0
0
0
0
0
4
-10
10
0
-8
6.67
-1.33
0
0.33
0.33
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40
40
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X4
2
X5
Z
1
0
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
-1.33
0.33
Lado
derecho
40
2/3
0.03
0
0
-2
-4
2
1
2
2/3
0
0.03
1
0
0
0
9
4
2
-2
0
2
-1.33
0.67
0
-0.07
-0.07
1
0
1
0
0
0
9
-8
1
4
1
6
2/3
0
0.03
0
0
1
0
24
4
4
-4
0
6
-2.67
3.33
0
-0.13
-0.13
0
0
0
1
0
1
24
-16
8
Forma Tabular
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X4
2
X5
Z
1
X1
Coeficiente de:
X2
X3
-1.33
0.33
Lado
derecho
40
2/3
0.03
0.67
-0.07
3.33
-0.13
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
-1.33
0.33
Lado
derecho
40
2/3
0.03
0.67
-0.07
3.33
-0.13
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
-1.33
0.33
Lado
derecho
40
2/3
0.03
0.67
-0.07
3.33
-0.13
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
Lado
derecho
0/0.67
1/0.67
X5
Lado
derecho
X4
X5
Iteracin DOS
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X4
2
X5
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X2
2
X5
Z
1
Z
1
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X2
2
X5
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
Z
1
0
0
0/0.67
0.67/.67-0.067/0.67 1/0.67
Z
1
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
X4
X1
X2
X5
1.33
0
0
-0.67
-0.67
0.00
1.00
-0.10
1.50
-1.33
1
0.33
-0.10
0
2
0
0
40
2
0
0.00
0
-1.33
1.33
0.00
0.33
-0.13
0.20
0
2.00
2.00
0
0.00
0
40
2.00
42.00
1
0
0.667
1
0.033
-0.10
0
2
0
0
4
2
1
-0
1.00
0.667
- 2/3
0.00
0.033
1/9
0.10
0
-1
-1.00
0
0
0.00
4
-1
3.00
1
0
0.67
1
0.03
-0.10
0
2
0
0
4
2
1
-0
1.00
0.67
- 2/3
0.00
0.03
1/9
0.10
0
-1
-1.0
4
-1
3.00
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X1
1
X2
2
X5
0
0.00
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X1
X2
X3
0.00
1.50
X4
X5
0.00
0.20
2.00
Lado
derecho
42.00
0.00
0.10
-1
0.00
1.00
-0.10
1.50
0.00
1.50
0.00
0.10
-1.0
3.00
Z
1
Ya no hay nmeros
coeficientes bsic
Para alcanzar su mxima utilidad ($42 pesos) necesita hacer 3 mesas y 2 sillas
aproximada
iteraciones,
por lo
utilidad que se pued
$42.00, donde X1
X5
Lado
derecho
120
24
Mnimo
120/30=
9/2=
4
4.5
24/4=
Nmero Pivote
Rengln Pivote
Se divide el
Rengln Pivote
entre el Nmero
Pivote
Busco un nmero
que multiplicado
por el nmero
pivote y al
sumarselo a otro
rengln, me de 0,
en este caso es 10,
para la ecuacin 0
An existe un
nmero negativo
en los coeficientes
bsicos (X1 y X2),
as que las
iteraciones
continuan
Mnimo
=4/(2/3)
=1/0.67
1.493
=8/3.33
2.402
Rengln Pivote
1.50
1.00
1.00
0.30
1.25
1.50
0.90
0.30
0.95
2.00
0.60
0.10
0.80
2.00
0.60
0.10
800.00
500.00
100.00
X1
ngulo
M. obra
Pintura
X2
MTODO SIMPLEX
X3
X4
<=
<=
<=
Recursos
800
Kg
500
horas
100
horas
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
X7
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
X5
X6
-1.5
-1.25
-0.95
-0.8
0
0
1.5
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
X5
X6
Iteracin UNO
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
X7
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
-1.5
-1.25
-0.95
-0.8
1.5
0
0
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
X1
Nmero Pivote:
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
X1
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
X1
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
X5
X6
-1.5
-1.25
-0.95
-0.8
0
0
1.5
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
X5
X6
0.3
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
-1.5
-1.25
-0.95
-0.8
1.5
0
0
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
X5
X6
0/0.3
0/0.3
X5
X6
Z
1
X1
X2
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
0
0
0
Z
1
X1
X2
0.1/0.3
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
0
0
X1
1.00
1.00
0.33
0.33
0.00
0.00
1.5
-1.50
1.00
-1.25
1.00
-0.95
0.33
-0.80
0.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.33
0.00
333.33
-1.50
1.50
0.00
-1.25
1.50
0.25
-0.95
0.50
-0.45
-0.80
0.50
-0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.00
5.00
0.00
500.00
500.00
-1
-1
1.00
1.00
1.50
1.00
2.00
0.33
2.00
0.33
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.33
800.00
333.33
1.00
-1.00
0.00
1.50
-1.00
0.50
2.00
-0.33
1.67
2.00
-0.33
1.67
1.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-3.33
-3.33
800.00
-333.33
466.67
1.00
1.00
0.90
1.00
0.60
0.33
0.60
0.33
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
3.33
500.00
333.33
1.00
-1.00
0.00
0.90
-1.00
-0.10
0.60
-0.33
0.27
0.60
-0.33
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
-3.33
-3.33
500.00
-333.33
166.67
X5
X6
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
X1
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
0.00
0.25
-0.45
-0.30
0.00
0.00
0.50
1.67
1.67
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-0.10
0.27
0.27
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.33
0.33
0.00
0.00
X5
X6
Iteracin DOS
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
X1
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X5
1
X6
3
X1
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
0.00
0.25
-0.45
-0.30
0.00
0.00
0.50
1.67
1.67
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-0.10
0.27
0.27
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.33
0.33
0.00
0.00
X5
X6
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
0.00
0.25
-0.45
-0.30
0.00
0.00
0.50
1.67
1.67
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-0.10
0.27
0.27
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.33
0.33
0.00
0.00
Forma Tabular
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X3
1
X6
3
X1
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X3
1
X6
3
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
X5
X6
0.00
0.25
-0.45
-0.30
0.00
1.67
1.67
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.50
0.00
-0.10
0.27
0.27
0.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.33
0.33
0.00
0.00
X5
X6
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
0.00
0.30
1.00
1.00
0.60
0.00
X1
0.45
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.30
-0.45
1.00
-0.30
1.00
0.00
0.60
0.00
0.00
5.00
-2.00
500.00
280.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.25
0.14
0.39
-0.45
0.45
0.00
-0.30
0.45
0.15
0.00
0.27
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.00
-0.90
4.10
500.00
126.00
626.00
0.00
0.00
-0.10
0.30
0.27
1.00
0.27
1.00
0.00
0.60
1.00
0.00
-3.33
-2.00
166.67
280.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-0.10
-0.08
-0.18
0.27
-0.27
0.00
0.27
-0.27
0.00
0.00
-0.16
-0.16
1.00
0.00
1.00
-3.33
0.54
-2.79
166.67
-75.60
91.07
1.00
0.00
1.00
0.30
0.33
1.00
0.33
1.00
0.00
0.60
0.00
0.00
3.33
-2.00
333.33
280.00
1.00
0.00
1.00
1.00
-0.10
0.90
0.33
-0.33
0.00
0.33
-0.33
0.00
0.00
-0.20
-0.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.33
0.66
3.99
333.33
-92.40
240.93
X5
X6
-0.27
-0.33
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X3
1
X6
3
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
0.00
0.39
0.00
0.15
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.30
1.00
1.00
0.60
0.00
0.00
-0.18
0.00
0.00
-0.16
1.00
X1
1.00
0.90
0.00
0.00
-0.20
0.00
X5
X6
Variable Ecuacin
bsica
nmero
Z
0
X3
1
X6
3
X1
Forma Tabular
Coeficiente de:
X3
X4
Z
1
X1
X2
0.00
0.39
0.00
0.15
0.27
0.00
0.00
0.30
1.00
1.00
0.60
0.00
0.00
-0.18
0.00
0.00
-0.16
1.00
1.00
0.90
0.00
0.00
-0.20
0.00
X7
0
0
Lado
derecho
0
800
500
100
X7
Lado
derecho
0
0
0
Mnimo
800
=800/1
800
500
=500/1
500
100
=0.3/100
X7
0
0
Lado
derecho
0
800
500
100
X7
Lado
derecho
0
0
0
800
500
100
X7
Lado
derecho
1/0.3
100/0.3
X7
Lado
derecho
3.33
333.33
X7
5.00
-3.33
Lado
derecho
500.00
466.67
-3.33
166.67
3.33
333.33
X7
Lado
derecho
500.00
5.00
-3.33
466.67
-3.33
166.67
3.33
333.33
X7
Lado
derecho
500.00
5.00
-3.33
Mnimo
466.67 =466.67/1.67279.44
-3.33
166.67 =166.67/0.27617.30
3.33
333.33 =333.33/0.33
1010.09
X7
5.00
-3.33
Lado
derecho
500.00
466.67
-3.33
166.67
3.33
333.33
X7
Lado
derecho
-2.00
280.00
X7
4.10
Lado
derecho
626.00
-2.00
280.00
-2.79
91.07
3.99
240.93
X7
4.10
Lado
derecho
626.00
-2.00
280.00
-2.79
91.07
3.99
240.93