W HAT IS OPEN SOURCE

Open-source software (OSS) is computer software that is available in source code form for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that permits users to study, change, improve and at times also to distribute the software. Some open source licenses meet the requirements of the Open Source Definition .Some open source software are available within the public domain. Open source software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open-source software is the most prominent example of open-source development and Often compared to (technically defined) user-generated content or (legally defined) open Content movements.

Meaning of Software
Software is often divided into two categories: Utilities that enables the computer to function. Application software: Includes systems fall programs under that the do real of work for users. software For example, word processors, spreadsheets, and database management category applications

a) System software: Includes the operating system and all the

meaning of hardware
A computer's to operate is The language language. b. hardware and binary, binary consists with are of a the physical Since convert the to of components a computer's our input must necessary primary into also that be interact devices code computer. out

necessary

coming

computer

translated into something usable for the operator

LATEST OPEN SOURCE OS

Definition Open source

The Open Source Definition is used by the Open Source Initiative to determine whether or not a software license can be considered open source. The definition was based on the Defiant Free Software Guidelines, written and adapted primarily by Bruce Preens

Definition Operating system

An Operating System is a computer program that manages the resources of a computer. It accepts keyboard or mouse inputs from users and displays the results of the actions and allows the user to run applications, or communicate with other computers via networked connections.

Meaning of Open Source OS Open to Source Operating it in must System modified have sending on is or an the most important forms. system such display program Every to as run that

runs on a computer that is free to use, change, and improve the software, and redistribute unmodified operating basic to disk, the the tasks, and generalother keeping peripheral purpose programs. input track from of computer Operating the files and

systems directories

perform

recognizing

keyboard,

output

screen,

controlling

devices such as disk drives and printers.

Examples of open source OS

Kubuntu Linux
A user friendly operating system based on KDE, the K Desktop

Environment. With a predictable 6 month release cycle and part of the Ubuntu project, Kubuntu is the GNU/Linux distribution for everyone. Improved desktop,updated application and increased usability features are just a few of the surprises with this latest

release.

Fedora Linux
A Linux-based operating system that showcases the latest in free and

open source software. Fedora is always free for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. It is built by people across the globe who works together as a community: the Fedora Project. The Fedora Project is open and anyone is welcomed to join.

The Latest Open Source Application Software

M eaning of Open Source Application Software
Open Source Application Software (also called as end-user programs) includes database programs, word processors, and spreadsheets. It is free to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms.

Examples of open source application software

Open Office see http://www.openoffice.org an office application set (for word processing, spreadsheet manipulation, picture drawing and data base access) compatible with all other major office application sets such as Office and available for Windows and Mac as well as Linux and other UNIX systems. Squirrel Mail see http://squirrelmail.org an email application (for reading and writing email through a web client program) supporting IMAP and SMTP and available for Windows and Mac as well as Linux and other UNIX systems.

LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN ICT

Latest hardware
Hardware (Lexmark X8350 and Lexmark X9575 Professional) Lexmark X8350 Is a printer that can prints up to 19 ppm colour and up to 25 ppm black. This printer also can print, copy, scan, fax, reduce and enlarge photos and documents. The exclusive Lexmark Photo Editor Software enhances photos. Beside that, this printer also can fax with 89 speed dials and 10 groups with 30 numbers per group, 5 quick dial buttons, Caller ID and distinctive ring detection. Users

Previous hardware
Lexmark X9575 Professional Let users gain freedom wireless technology. Compatible with Wi-Fi certified IEEE 802.11g/b/n. High quality printing from virtually anywhere over a secure wireless network. Share the Lexmark X9575 among multiple computers. In addition, users can fax up to 50-pages capacity Auto Document Feeder (ADF) for multiple page faxing and and

flexibility with built-in 802.11g

also can adjust ringer volume, call waiting automatic transmission disable redial, and capability, confirmation, delayed

copying. Standalone black and color faxing with 33.6 Kbps modem speed 99speed dials, automatic redial, supports caller ID and up to 100page fax memory. User also can view and edit photos as large as 2.4" (6 cm) color display, print directly from digital memory card, Partridge compatible digital cameras or USB Flash drive and fast borderless photos on popular photo sizes. Lexmark Productivity Studio Software makes it easy to crop, rotate, resize photos and apply photo effects, plus 1-touch color fix and red eye reduction. This printer can also scan flatbed scanner with 48-bit color depth; 16bit gray scale. The resolution is up to 1200 x 4800 dpi optical resolutions. It also have function that can copy with 1-touch PC-free copying (color or black) 1 to 99 copies at a time. This printer also allows users to print fast. It is up to 33 ppm black sand 28 pap color printing. It also can print Microsoft Office documents and PDFs directly from

error and activity reports, broadcast transmission, junk fax block, auto Answer Button and scan before dial Fax forwarding & print, BVRP Host Fax Solution, Print-to-Fax via Lexmark N4000e or N4050e print server with send only. The printer can support Compact Flash Type I & II, Memory Stick, Memory Stick Pro, Memory Stick Duo with adapter, Microdrive, Multi Media, Secure Digital, Mini Secure Digital (Mini SD), Smart Media and XD cards.

USB Flash drives.

Software (Adobe Photoshop CS3 and CS4)

Adobe Photoshop CS3 is marketed with three main components of

Improvement over previous versions. Adobe Creative Suite 3 (CS3) was announced on March 27, 2007. It introduced universal binaries for all major programs for the Apple Macintosh. It work more productively, edit with unrivalled over power, print and composite with breakthrough tools. New features propagating streamlined interface, improved Camera Raw, better control productivity include options,

enhanced PDF support, and better management with Adobe Bridge. Editing tools new to CS3 are the Clone Source palette and nondestructive Smart Filters, and other features such as the Brightness/Contrast adjustment and Vanishing Point module were enhanced. The Black and White adjustment option improves users control over manual grayscale conversions with a dialog box similar to that of Channel Mixer. Compositing is assisted with Photoshop's new Quick Selection and Refine Edge tools and improved Image Stitching Technology. CS3 Extended contains all features of CS3 plus tools for editing and importing some 3D graphics file formats, enhancing video, and comprehensive image analysis tools, utilizing MATLAB integration and DICOM file support.

Adobe Photoshop CS4 was announced on September 23, 2008 as the

Successor to Adobe Creative Suite 3. It was officially released on October 15, 2008. CS4 features additions such as the ability to paint directly on 3D models, wrap 2D images around 3D shapes, convert gradient maps to 3D objects, add depth to layers and text, get print-quality output with the new ray-tracing rendering engine, and enjoy exporting to supported common 3D formats, the new Adjustment and Mask Panels, content-aware scaling, and Fluid Canvas Rotation and File display options. On 30 April, Adobe released Photoshop CS4 Extended, which includes all the same features of Adobe Photoshop CS4 with the addition of capabilities for scientific imaging, 3D,

and high end film and video users. The successor to Photoshop CS3, Photoshop CS4, is the first 64-bit Photoshop on consumer computers.

pervasive computing
Pervasive computing provides convenient access to relevant information and applications through a new class of ubiquitous, intelligent appliances that have the ability to easily function when and where needed. The name pervasive computing tells only part of the story; a parallel revolution lays in network-enabling these pervasive computing devices by providing transparent, ubiquitous access to e-business services. At last year's international Telecom 99 conference in Geneva, the global telecommunications carrier industry focused on the information industry. Concepts such as wireless Internet were hot. However, even the mighty Telco carriers need partners in order to cover the breadth of disciplines necessary to provide pervasive computing services successfully.

Examples Smart phone

A smart phone is a mobile phone offering advanced capabilities, often with PClike functionality. There is no industry standard definition of a smartphone. For some, a smartphone is a phone that runs complete operating system software providing a standardized interface and platform for application developers. For others, a smartphone is simply a phone with advanced features like e-mail, Internet and e-book reader capabilities, and/or a built-in full keyboard or external USB keyboard and VGA connector. In other words, it is a miniature computer that has phone capability

Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)

A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a handheld computer, also known as a palmtop computer. Newer PDAs also have both color screens and audio capabilities, enabling them to be used as mobile phones, web browsers, or portable media players. Many PDAs can access the Internet via Wi-Fi, or Wireless Wide-Area Networks (WWANs). Many PDAs employ touch screen technology.

Conclusion
Open Source can be used by anyone and because it has no copyright claims, so users are free to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms. Pervasive Computing is to make our lives easier because we can interact with computers. Besides that, we can easily give the computer commands and the computer will grant your wish.

Reference
http://www.openoffice.org http://squirrelmail.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_software http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Source_Definition