Abiotic and Biotic Factors of Aquatic Biomes

Biome
Freshwater

Abiotic Biotic Interactions

Salinity: < 1-3% Standing water: ponds, lakes isolated species diversity Distance from shoreline: depth, sunlight, temp life zones littoral zone: near shore sunlight photosynthesis species diversity limnetic zone: near-surface open water w/ plankton base of food chain profundal zone: deep water sunlight, temp no photosynthesis, no O2 (only anaerobic organisms live here), species diversity Flowing water: streams, rivers different conditions at different points different adaptations of organisms depth + width species diversity flow O2 species diversity (e.g., catfish, carp) flow sediments light photosynthesis species diversity flow animals w/ hooks, suckers, flattened bodies flow species similar to pond/lake inhabitants Salinity: >3% Distance from shoreline: depth, sunlight, temp life zones intertidal: low/high tide area constantly changing conditions constantly changing communities light + O2 + nutrients highly productive ecosystem pelagic: open ocean producers limited to photic zone remains sink to ocean floor nutrients benthic: ocean floor remains + decomposers nutrients (stuck here) abyssal: deep ocean o temp (3 C) + PH2O + no light species diversity hydrothermal vents w/ chemosynthetic bacteria (use H 2S) Salinity: freshwater < estuarine < marine organisms highly tolerant to salt Organic material deposited by river/stream; depth sunlight highly productive ecosystem spawning & nursing grounds

Marine

Estuarine